鸡(土从)菌一新种——大果鸡(土从)菌

本种在形态上与鸡(土从)菌[Tcemitomyces albuminosus(Berk.)Heim]较相似,但不同之处在于子实体大,单株独生,未见群生,盖表色泽不呈淡灰或淡褐,而呈煤褐色,菌柄基部色泽尤深,多呈黑褐色。担子孢子干缩处理后表面较平坦,不呈皱褶状凹凸。担孢子一端稍弯曲。菌肉在Melzer氏液下呈黑色而非橙红色,所以立为新种。     

广东土牛膝的化学成分(英文)

广东土牛膝为菊科泽兰属植物华泽兰(Eupatorium chinense)的干燥根。从其甲醇提取物中共分离得到11个化合物,其中eupatorinA(1)为一新化合物,经波谱学方法鉴定为(threo)-3-O-acetyl-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(3-hydroxy-1-(E)-propenyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy]propyl-β-D-glucopy-ranoside。已知化合物分别鉴定为(threo)-3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(3-hydroxy-1-(E)-propenyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenox-y]-propyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(2),ardisiacrispinA(3),ardisiac-rispinB(4),euparone(5),3-(2,3-dihydroxy-isopen-tyl)-4-hydroxyacetophenone(6),12,13-di-hydroxy-euparin(7),gymnastone(8),N-(2′-hydroxy-tetracosanosyl)-2-amino-1,3,4-trihydroxy-octa-dec-8-(E)-ene(9),stigmasterol(10)和stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(11)。化合物2-4为首次从菊科植物,5-8为首次从泽兰属植物中分离得到。     

土栖白蚁蚁巢的指示目标——鸡(土从)菌

<正> 一、找巢的目标——鸡(土从)菌 在调查和防治黑翅土白蚁Odontotermes(O.)formosanus(Shiraki)、黄翅大白蚁Macrote-rmes barneyi Light过程中,于1976年6月7日在我省繁昌县环城公社阳冲林场发现一簇鸡(土从)菌Termitomyces albuminosus(Berk.) Heim共15根,顺着菌柄挖掘,有一条“菌根”连着菌圃,翻开即很快捕到了蚁王、蚁后,消灭了巢内幼年蚁群,既省工又省力。     

贵州鸡(土从)菌的分类研究

本文根据Singer的分类系统,对在贵州采集的鸡(土从)菌属Termitomyces种类进行分类研究。现报道6个种,其中3个种云南已报道,2个新种,1个新分布种。新种是柱状鸡(土从)菌Termitomyces cylindricus He sp.nov.和白柄鸡(土从)菌Termitomyces albiceps He sp.nov.,新分布种是盾形鸡纵菌Termitomyces clypeatus Heim。     

川金丝猴食土行为的首次报道(英文)

2001年10月至2008年3月,我们在对周至国家级自然保护区内秦岭川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)的长期观察研究中发现3例成年雌性舔食泥质岩上粘土的行为。川金丝猴的食土行为均发生在深秋季节,所有食土雌性均处于怀孕期。我们初步推测川金丝猴的食土行为主要是为了补充矿物质。本文首次呈现川金丝猴食土行为的研究证据,对于进一步理解川金丝猴的食性具有一定意义,同时也为不同生活类型灵长类食土行为的比较分析提供支撑信息。     

不同灌溉方式下(土娄)土玉米根际硝态氮的分布

实验着重研究分根条件下常规灌溉、交替灌溉和固定灌溉玉米苗期根际硝态氮的分布, 研究结果表明:不同灌水方式下,玉米根际硝态氮的分布不同.在这3种灌水方式的湿润区,NO-3-N的累积趋势为:交替灌水＞固定灌水＞常规灌水.     

土菌消(hymexazol)对水稻生长的影响

水稻(Oryza satica)早锦品种,盆栽。1988年6月1日插秧,每盆3穴,每穴5株,9月30日收获。用70％土菌消可湿性粉剂(WP)和20％土菌消乳油(EC)浸种、浸根和叶面喷施。孕穗和抽穗期测叶绿素含量和果糖-1,6-二磷酸酯酶活性,喷施土菌消后喂入~(14)CO_2(5μCi),测相对标记转移速率。收获后测定N,P,K含量,得到结果如下:     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.