中国的光翅瘿蜂科及一新种记述：膜翅目：瘿蜂总科

本文报道了我国光翅瘿蜂科的种类共４种２亚种,记述了异节光翅瘿蜂属的１个新种。新种为蛀干害虫的天敌。     

中国剑盾狭背瘿蜂属二新种记述（膜翅目：环腹瘿蜂科：狭背瘿蜂亚科）

记述剑盾狭背瘿蜂属Prosaspicera Kieffer 2新种:天目剑盾狭背瘿蜂P.tianmunensis sp.nov.和福建剑盾狭背瘿蜂P.fujianensis sp.nov.以及2中国新记录种:异剑盾狭背瘿蜂P.confusa Ros-Farré,2006和东方剑盾狭背瘿蜂P.orientalis Pujade-Villar,2006,提供了中国该属的分种检索表。模式标本保存于浙江农林大学昆虫标本室。     

板栗瘿蜂初步观察

板栗瘿蜂Dryocosmus kuriphilus(Yasumatsu)是我国板栗的重要害虫。邹钟琳于1956年在江苏望亭发现为害板栗Castanea mollissima。近年来河北、陕西、江西、湖南、湖北、福建、浙江等省均有发生,在江苏已遍及各板栗产区,东进林场1962年因此虫为害板栗产量较1960年减80％。 此虫在日本已作过研究(鸟居,1956;Kajiura,1955;田村,1961;Nakamura,1964,等),我国尚少见报导,笔者将二年来观察所得整理于后,以供有关方面参考。     

柞枝球瘿瘿蜂的初步观察

<正> 柞枝球瘿瘿蜂Diplolepis japonica Ash.属膜翅目,瘿蜂科,是柞树的害虫之一。笔者曾对此虫做过一些观察,现将结果整理如下,供参考。 一、分布与为害 此虫在日本曾有过报道。国内主要分布在     

中国犁瘿蜂属(膜翅目,瘿蜂科,梨瘿蜂族)分类研究及三新种记述

记述中国瘿蜂科犁瘿蜂属Diplolepis Geoffroy 5种,其中包括3新种,即黄腹犁瘿蜂Diplolepis flaviabdomenis sp.nov.,湖南犁瘿蜂Diplolepis hunanensis sp.nov.和小腹犁瘿蜂Diplolepis mnoriabdomenis sp.nov..详细描述新种并附图,编制了中国犁瘿蜂属分种检索表.模式标本保存于浙江农林大学和美国东伊利诺伊大学生物系寄生蜂标本室.     

中国林匙胸瘿蜂属二新种记述（膜翅目：环腹瘿蜂科）

记述采自中国大陆的林匙胸瘿蜂属及其2新种:华燕林匙胸瘿蜂L.huayana sp.nov.和光林匙胸瘿蜂 L.laotudingzila sp.nov..     

Phytoalexins from Brassicaceae: News from the front

The chemical structures, syntheses, metabolism and biological activities of the cruciferous phytoalexins discovered to date, with particular focus on the latest results dealing with their biosynthesis and detoxification are reviewed.     

Novel transaminases from thermophiles: from discovery to application

Transaminases (TAs) are promising biocatalysts for chiral amine synthesis; however, only few thermophilic TAs have been described to date. In this work, a genome mining approach was taken to seek novel TAs from nine thermophilic microorganisms. TA sequences were identified from their respective genome sequences and their Pfam were predicted confirming that TAs class I–II are the most abundant (50%), followed by class III (26%), V (16%), IV (8%) and VI (1%). The percentage of open reading frames (ORFs) that are TAs ranges from 0.689% in Thermococcus litoralis to 0.424% in Sulfolobus solfataricus. A total of 94 putative TAs were successfully cloned and expressed into E. coli, showing mostly good expression levels when using a chemical chaperone media containing d -sorbitol. Kinetic and end-point colorimetric assays with different amino donors–acceptors confirmed TAs activity allowing for initial exploration of the substrate scope. Stereoselective and non-stereoselective serine-TAs were selected for the synthesis of hydroxypyruvate (HPA). Low HPA reaction yields were observed with four non-stereoselective serine-TAs, whilst two stereoselective serine-TAs showed significantly higher yields. Coupling serine-TA reactions to a transketolase to yield l -erythrulose (Ery) substantially increased serine conversion into HPA. Combining both stereoselective serine-TAs and transketolase using the inexpensive racemic D/L-serine led to high Ery yield (82%). Thermal characterization of stereoselective serine-TAs confirmed they have excellent thermostability up to 60°C and high optimum temperatures.     

Protostelids from deciduous forests: first data from southwestern Europe

The first data of Protostelids from the southwest of Europe are presented in this paper. A total of 21 species were identified from samples collected in Somiedo Biosphere Reserve (Spain). This is the highest species richness recorded to date for Europe or for a latitude this high (>40°). Seven species (Cavostelium apophysatum, Endostelium zonatum, Microglomus paxillus, Protosporangium fragile, Protostelium okumukumu, Soliformovum expulsum and Schizoplasmodiopsis micropunctata) are new records for Europe. Approximately 65 % of the microscopic protostelid species described in the world have been found in this Reserve, a fact that increases the biological value of this protected area and suggests that Spain is an excellent location to study this group. A microhabitat study has been carried out finding differences in species composition and abundance between ground litter, aerial litter, and bark substrates. Comments on the distribution and ecology of the species, as well as illustrations of some species are included.