Amanita ibotengutake sp. nov., a poisonous fungus from Japan

On the basis of molecular phylogeny, it is clear that the fungi treated as Amanita pantherina in Japan are confused, i.e., A. pantherina and a misidentified species. As for morphology, the misidentified species differs from A. pantherina by having clamp connections on hyphae and basidia, a larger-sized fruitbody, ascending volval rings of stipe base and deciduous annulus. It is clear that the misidentified species is a poisonous fungus containing ibotenic acid and muscimol and causes the Pantherina syndrome. On these characters, it is concluded that the misidentified species is the unexplored Amanita species treated under the Japanese name ‘ibotengutake’ after which ibotenic acid was named. Here, we described it as a new species Amanita ibotengutake.     

A new species of Carpophilus Stephens (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) from Florida,U.S.A., and a reappraisal of the type material of Carpophilus ophthalmicus Murray

A new species of Carpophilus is described from males and females taken in Florida, U.S.A. A lectotype male and paralectotype female are chosen for Carpophilus ophthalmicus, and a new species is described from material misidentified as ophthalmicus.     

Distichophyllum chenii B.C.Ho sp. nov. (Daltoniaceae) from Southeast China

Abstract

Despite the genus Distichophyllum having been revised recently for the Moss Flora of China, upon examination of a wide range of both Chinese and non-Chinese material a distinct new species was found among existing specimens collected from China. The new species, Distichophyllum chenii, is described based on specimens previously misidentified and reported as Distichophyllum cirratum var. cirratum. Published illustrations of D. cirratum var. cirratum based on a misidentified collection of D. collenchymatosum are highlighted to avoid further future taxonomic confusion.     

国产耳草属长节耳草及其相似种的分类研究

我国耳草属中具有茎四棱和头状花序特征的植物常常被鉴定为长节耳草(Hedyotis uncinella),并且这一名称还包括了基于不同模式的3个分类学异名。由于这一类植物在叶片形态、叶柄长短、花序着生式样以及花梗长度等形态特征方面存在着明显的不同,因此将这一类植物笼统地鉴定为长节耳草并不合理。为清晰区分这类植物,通过模式比对、居群形态特征变异式样的野外观察以及分子系统学分析等方法进行研究,结果表明,以前被鉴定为“长节耳草”的植物实际上包括了6个分类实体,即被归并的丰花耳草(H. borrerioides)、垦丁耳草(H. kuraruensis)和新组合种——团花耳草(H. cephalophora)均应独立成种,而长节耳草本种、被忽略的线叶耳草(H. linearifolia)和我国新记录种——球花耳草(H. multiglomerulata)各自也应得到承认。同时,为了便于进行分类鉴定,也提供了这些种类的分种检索表。     

Taxonomic study of the genus Leptopulvinaria Kanda (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae), with a description of a new species

The genus Leptopulvinaria Kanda is revised and placed in the tribe Pulvinariini as understood by Hodgson. The species L. kawaii sp. nov., which has been misidentified as Pulvinaria camelicola or P. floccifera by several researchers, is recognized as a second species of the genus, in addition to the type species L. elaeocarpi Kanda. Adult females of L. elaeocarpi and L. kawaii are redescribed and a key to the species is presented.     

赤水漏斗苣苔名实订正

最近发表为苦苣苔科的赤水漏斗苣苔(Didissandra chishuiense R. B. Zhang)实为爵床科的金长莲(Staurohyne sichuanica H.S. Lo),故予以归并。     

Misidentification of two Brazilian triatomes, Triatoma arthurneivai and Triatoma wygodzinskyi, revealed by geometric morphometrics

Triatoma arthurneivai Lent & Martins and Triatoma wygodzinskyi Lent (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) are two Brazilian species found in the sylvatic environment. Several authors may have misidentified T. arthurneivai and consequently published erroneous information. This work reports the use of geometric morphometric analysis on wings in order to differentiate T. arthurneivai and T. wygodzinskyi, and thus to detect possible misidentifications. Triatomines collected from the field in the states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo, and from laboratory colonies, were used. Analyses show a clear differentiation between specimens of T. arthurneivai and T. wygodzinskyi. This indicates that T. arthurneivai populations from São Paulo state were misidentified and should be considered as T. wygodzinskyi. This study also suggests that T. arthurneivai is an endemic species from Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais state.     

A review of the genus Tagalina Dohrn (Dermaptera: Pygidicranidae)

Tagalina semperi Dohrn and T. papua (Bormans) are shown to be distinct species. T.burri Hincks is synonymised with T. erythronota Gunther, and a lectotype is designated for the latter species. The specimens misidentified by Hincks as T. erythronota are described as hincksi sp.n., and curta sp.n. is described from central New Guinea. A key to the nine species of the genus is given, together with a short systematic list and notes on the distributions and type localities.     

中国蛇根草属(茜草科)二新记录种

报道了中国云南省南部发现的中国蛇根草属(Ophiorrhiza) 2新记录种:中泰蛇根草(O. ripicola)和小果蛇根草(O.rosacea),其中后者在中国被错误鉴定为变红蛇根草(O. subrubescens)。     

Morphology and anatomy of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Echinacea purpurea,E. angustifolia,E. pallida</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Parthenium integrifolium</Emphasis>

The Echinacea species are native to the Atlantic drainage area of the United States of America and Canada. They have been introduced as cultivated medicinal plants in Europe. Echinacea purpurea, E. angustifolia and E. pallida are the species most often used medicinally due to their immune-stimulating properties. This review is focused on morphological and anatomical characteristics of E. purpurea, E. angustifolia, E. pallida, because various species are often misidentified and specimens are often confused in the medicinal plant market.     

Description of Optioservus gapyeongensis new species and Heterlimnius hasegawai (Nomura) (Coleoptera: Elmidae) new to Korea

A new riffle beetle species Optioservus gapyeongensis n. sp. is described from the adult and larval stages. Heterlimnius hasegawai (Nomura), previously misidentified in Korea as Optioservus (Cyclolimnius) kubotai Nomura or Optioservus variabilis Nomura, is redescribed. The adults and larvae of both species inhabit attached mosses on substrates of clean mountain streams, headwaters or springs. Photographs of dorsal adults and habitats and line drawings of diagnostic characters are provided.     

Taxonomic Review of the Tribe Ulomini (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) in Korea

The tribe Ulomini of Korean Tenebrionidae is reviewed taxonomically. Korean Ulomini recorded to three genera and six species, Cneocnemis laminipes Gebien, Uloma marseuli Nakane, U. latimanus Kolbe, U. excisa Nakane, U. bonzica Marseul, Eutochia lateralis (Boheman). We have found that U. exciza was misidentified U. bonzica, and E. lateralis was not distributed in Korea as the result of this study. We confirm that two genera and four species are distributed in Korea. A key to diagnosis of the genera and species, and figures of these species are presented.     

Rhinacanthus spiciformis,a new species of Acanthaceae from northern Vietnam

Rhinacanthus spiciformis Y. F. Deng, Z. L. Lin & D. V. Hai, a new species from northern Vietnam previously misidentified as R. calcaratus is described and illustrated. This new species differs from all other Asian species of Rhinacanthus in the inflorescence being unbranched or comprised of trifurcate-branched spikes, and the lower lip of corolla with conspicuous purple stripes near throat and on lobes. The pollen morphology and chromosome number are presented. It is proposed to be accessed as Least Concern (LC) according to the IUCN categories and criteria.     

Evaluation of Lespedeza germplasm genetic diversity and its phylogenetic relationship with the genus Kummerowia

The genetic diversity of the genus Lespedeza is not well known and the phylogenetic relationship of Lespedeza with the genus Kummerowia is unclear. We report the first study in which polymorphic expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers derived from Medicago, cowpea and soybean were used to assess the genetic diversity of the USDA Lespedeza germplasm collection and clarify its phylogenetic relationship with the genus Kummerowia. Phylogenetic analysis partitioned 44 Lespedeza accessions into three main groups some of which were species-specific and eight subgroups. This data set revealed some misidentified accessions, and indicated that the two species in the genus Kummerowia are closely related to the genus Lespedeza. Morphological reexamination was used to correct the misidentified accessions within the genus Lespedeza. Our results demonstrated that phylogenetic analysis with morphological reexamination provides a more complete approach to classify accessions in plant germplasm collection and conservation.     

Scutelluid trilobites from the Silurian of New South Wales

Abstract: Twenty‐six species (nineteen of them formally named) of scutelluid trilobites belonging to eight genera are described from limestones of the lower Wenlock to Ludlow Mirrabooka Formation and its stratigraphical equivalents in the Orange district of New South Wales. Two genera, Borenoria and Mirrabooka, are new. Japonoscutellum, previously employed mainly for several species from Japan, is a globally widely distributed genus in rocks of middle Llandovery to Ludlow age and includes a number of species previously assigned to Kosovopeltis. Japonoscutellum is remarkably diverse in the faunas from Orange where it is represented by eleven species, one of them known also from Kazakhstan. Flexiscutellum and Tosacephalus are regarded as junior synonyms of Decoroscutellum and Kosovopeltis, respectively. The homology of various scutelluid cephalic structures is discussed, in particular the cephalic borders and border furrows that have routinely been misidentified; the term ‘bolus’ is introduced for the variably developed swelling that is enclosed by S1 on the glabella of most scutelluids. New species are Australoscutellum iota, A. microps, A. pulex, A. trica, Borenoria cirrita, Decoroscutellum planes, Eoscutellum annosum, Illaenoscutellum tryo, Japonoscutellum borenorense, J. crassum, J. diascetum, J. gephyricum, J. guttulatum, J. serangicum, J. strabo, Kosovopeltis trepida, K. xynon and Mirrabooka harryi. Some of these trilobites show strong affinity with species from the Kurosegawa Terrane of south‐western Japan and the Chu‐Ili Terrane of Kazakhstan, as previously reported also for the effaced Illaenina from the same limestones. Australoscutellum and Mirrabooka are presently known only from eastern Australia. The new genus Securifrons is proposed for several species previously assigned to Kosovopeltis or Eokosovopeltis from the Sandbian or Katian to Llandovery of North Greenland, Canada, Scotland, South China and New South Wales.     

Etelis boweni sp. nov., a new cryptic deepwater eteline snapper from the Indo-Pacific (Perciformes: Lutjanidae)

A new species of Etelis is described based on 16 specimens collected from the Red Sea and Western Australia, with confirmed genetic records throughout the Indo-West Pacific. It is similar to and was often misidentified as Etelis carbunculus Cuvier, with both species sharing the diagnostic character of low number of developed gill rakers. Nonetheless, the two species are genetically divergent and differ morphologically in adult body length; proportions of eye, snout, cheek and caudal fin; shape of head, opercular spine and sagittal otolith; and coloration of the tip of the upper caudal fin. Etelis boweni has a wide Indo-west Pacific distribution that largely overlaps with E. carbunculus, and the two species are often caught on the same fishing line.     

Systematic revision of the yucca moths in the Tegeticula yuccasella complex (Lepidoptera: Prodoxidae) north of Mexico

The yucca moths (Tegeticula and Parategeticula) are of great importance in studies of coevolution because of their obligate mutualism with their yucca hosts. Historically, three species of Tegeticula have been recognized. One of them, T. yuccasella, has been regarded as the pollinator of all but two yucca species, but morphological, molecular and biological data show that this is a large complex of monophagous and oligophagous species that differ greatly in their biology. It also includes derived ‘cheater’ species that do not pollinate their hosts and oviposit into fruits rather than flowers. Here the yuccasella complex north of Mexico is revised. The nominotypic pollinator species yuccasella is redescribed, and ten new pollinator species described: altiplanella, baccatella, carnerosanella, cassandra, elatella, maderae, mojavella, rostratella, superficiella and treculeanella. Two non-pollinating cheater species are recognized. One such species originally misidentified as a Prodoxus species, then synonymised with yuccasella, is re-erected as the non-pollinating intermedia. In addition, the new non-pollinator species corruptrix is described.