共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Jing HC Sturre MJ Hille J Dijkwel PP 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2002,32(1):51-63
The onset of leaf senescence is controlled by leaf age and ethylene can promote leaf senescence within a specific age window. We exploited the interaction between leaf age and ethylene and isolated mutants with altered leaf senescence that are named as onset of leaf death (old) mutants. Early leaf senescence mutants representing three genetic loci were selected and their senescence syndromes were characterised using phenotypical, physiological and molecular markers. old1 is represented by three recessive alleles and displayed earlier senescence both in air and upon ethylene exposure. The etiolated old1 seedlings exhibited a hypersensitive triple response. old2 is a dominant trait and the mutant plants were indistinguishable from the wild-type when grown in air but showed an earlier senescence syndrome upon ethylene treatment. old3 is a semi-dominant trait and its earlier onset of senescence is independent of ethylene treatment. Analyses of the chlorophyll degradation, ion leakage and SAG expression showed that leaf senescence was advanced in ethylene-treated old2 plants and in both air-grown and ethylene-treated old1 and old3 plants. Epistatic analysis indicated that OLD1 might act downstream of OLD2 and upstream of OLD3 and mediate the interaction between leaf age and ethylene. A genetic model was proposed that links the three OLD genes and ethylene into a regulatory pathway controlling the onset of leaf senescence. 相似文献
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Gepstein S Sabehi G Carp MJ Hajouj T Nesher MF Yariv I Dor C Bassani M 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2003,36(5):629-642
Leaf senescence is a form of programmed cell death, and is believed to involve preferential expression of a specific set of \"senescence-associated genes\" (SAGs). To decipher the molecular mechanisms and the predicted complex network of regulatory pathways involved in the senescence program, we have carried out a large-scale gene identification study in a reference plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. Using suppression subtractive hybridization, we isolated approximately 800 cDNA clones representing SAGs expressed in senescing leaves. Differential expression was confirmed by Northern blot analysis for 130 non-redundant genes. Over 70 of the identified genes have not previously been shown to participate in the senescence process. SAG-encoded proteins are likely to participate in macromolecule degradation, detoxification of oxidative metabolites, induction of defense mechanisms, and signaling and regulatory events. Temporal expression profiles of selected genes displayed several distinct patterns, from expression at a very early stage, to the terminal phase of the senescence syndrome. Expression of some of the novel SAGs, in response to age, leaf detachment, darkness, and ethylene and cytokinin treatment was compared. The large repertoire of SAGs identified here provides global insights about regulatory, biochemical and cellular events occurring during leaf senescence. 相似文献
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彩叶草叶片衰老相关新基因Cbcbs的分子特征和功能分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
叶片衰老是观叶植物观赏性降低的重要因素之一.为研究彩叶草叶片衰老变化的分子机理,在构建彩叶草衰老叶片cDNA文库及小型EST库的基础上,以1条新的具有胱硫醚 β 合酶(cystathionine beta synthase, CBS)结构域的EST序列为探针,通过RACE与文库结合的 方法,克隆了1个具有1对完整CBS结构域的全长cDNA,Cbcbs.Cbcbs cDNA 全长859 bp,包含1个609 bp的ORF框,编码202个氨基酸.其5′UTR区含有1个终止子TAA,3′UTR区含有推测的加尾信号AATAAA和ATTTA元件.CbCBS N端含有线粒体转运肽,具有2个保守的CBS结构域,4个酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ(casein kinase Ⅱ,CKⅡ)磷酸化位点,3个蛋白激酶C(protein kinase c,PKC)磷酸化位点和1个酪氨酸硫化(tyrosine sulfation,TS)位点.序列比较和进化分析表明,CbCBS是与衰老或应急相关的蛋白.二级结构和三级结构预测表明,CbCBS的功能主要由CBS结构域决定.RT-PCR分析表明,该基因在叶的各个时期均有表达,但随叶片衰老进程的加快而表达增加,是一个叶衰老相关基因（SAG）,推测在线粒体中成熟的CbCBS可能作为细胞能量传感器,在叶衰老引起的能量应急中参与细胞能量水平的调节. 相似文献
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Senescence in plants is usually viewed as an internally programmed degeneration leading to death. It is a developmental process that occurs in many different tissues and serves different purposes. Generally, apoptosis refers to programmed death of small numbers of animal cells, and it shows some special features at the cell level. Some senescing plant cells show some symptoms typical of apoptosis, while others do not. This review will focus primarily on leaf senescence with ultimate aim of explaining whole plant senescence (i.e., monocarpic senescence). Traditionally, the ideas on senescence mechanisms fall into two major groupings, nutrient deficiencies (e.g., starvation) and genetic programming (i.e., senescence-promoting and senescence-inhibiting genes). Considerable evidence indicates that nutrient deficiencies are not central senescence program components, while increasing evidence supports genetic programming. Because chlorophyll (Chl) and chloroplast (CP) breakdown are so prominent, leaf senescence is generally measured in terms of Chl loss. Although CP breakdown may not be the proximate cause of leaf cell death, it certainly is important as a source of nutrients for use elsewhere, e.g., for developing reproductive structures in monocarpic plants, and this loss limits assimilatory capacity. The CP is dismantled in an orderly sequence. Individual protein complexes seem to be taken out all at once, not one subunit at a time. Removal of any component, e.g., Chl, seems to destabilize the whole complex. It is of special interest that senescing CPs secrete Chl-containing globules indicating that some CP components are broken down outside the CP. Senescence appears to be imposed on the CP by the nucleus, and all the known senescence-altering genes except one, cytG in soybean, are nuclear. Only the d1d2 mutation(s) in soybean prevents a broad range of leaf senescence processes. Exactly, what causes cell death is unclear; however, the selective thiol protease inhibitor, E-64, does delay death, and this suggests that proteases play a key role. 相似文献
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Leaf senescence is the final developmental stage of a leaf. The progression of barley primary leaf senescence was followed by measuring the senescence-specific decrease in chlorophyll content and photosystem II efficiency. In order to isolate novel factors involved in leaf senescence, a differential display approach with mRNA populations from young and senescing primary barley leaves was applied. In this approach, 90 senescence up-regulated cDNAs were identified. Nine of these clones were, after sequence analyses, further characterized. The senescence-associated expression was confirmed by Northern analyses or quantitative RealTime-PCR. In addition, involvement of the phytohormones ethylene and abscisic acid in regulation of these nine novel senescence-induced cDNA fragments was investigated. Two cDNA clones showed homologies to genes with a putative regulatory function. Two clones possessed high homologies to barley retroelements, and five clones may be involved in degradation or transport processes. One of these genes was further analysed. It encodes an ADP ribosylation factor 1-like protein (HvARF1) and includes sequence motifs representing a myristoylation site and four typical and well conserved ARF-like protein domains. The localization of the protein was investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy of onion epidermal cells after particle bombardment with chimeric HvARF1-GFP constructs. Possible physiological roles of these nine novel SAGs during barley leaf senescence are discussed. 相似文献
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