共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Mridusmita Saikia Dawid Krokowski Bo-Jhih Guan Pavel Ivanov Marc Parisien Guo-fu Hu Paul Anderson Tao Pan Maria Hatzoglou 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2012,287(51):42708-42725
Certain stress conditions can induce cleavage of tRNAs around the anticodon loop via the use of the ribonuclease angiogenin. The cellular factors that regulate tRNA cleavage are not well known. In this study we used normal and eIF2α phosphorylation-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts and applied a microarray-based methodology to identify and compare tRNA cleavage patterns in response to hypertonic stress, oxidative stress (arsenite), and treatment with recombinant angiogenin. In all three scenarios mouse embryonic fibroblasts deficient in eIF2α phosphorylation showed a higher accumulation of tRNA fragments including those derived from initiator-tRNAMet. We have shown that tRNA cleavage is regulated by the availability of angiogenin, its substrate (tRNA), the levels of the angiogenin inhibitor RNH1, and the rates of protein synthesis. These conclusions are supported by the following findings: (i) exogenous treatment with angiogenin or knockdown of RNH1 increased tRNA cleavage; (ii) tRNA fragment accumulation was higher during oxidative stress than hypertonic stress, in agreement with a dramatic decrease of RNH1 levels during oxidative stress; and (iii) a positive correlation was observed between angiogenin-mediated tRNA cleavage and global protein synthesis rates. Identification of the stress-specific tRNA cleavage mechanisms and patterns will provide insights into the role of tRNA fragments in signaling pathways and stress-related disorders. 相似文献
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Xin Xu Yihua Zhang Junjie Zhang Xiaotian Zhang 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2020,295(52):18134
NSun2 is an RNA methyltransferase introducing 5-methylcytosine into tRNAs, mRNAs, and noncoding RNAs, thereby influencing the levels or function of these RNAs. Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted glycoprotein and is recognized as a key factor in converting lysophosphatidylcholine into lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). The ATX-LPA axis exerts multiple biological effects in cell survival, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Here, we show that NSun2 is involved in the regulation of cell migration through methylating ATX mRNA. In the human glioma cell line U87, knockdown of NSun2 decreased ATX protein levels, whereas overexpression of NSun2 elevated ATX protein levels. However, neither overexpression nor knockdown of NSun2 altered ATX mRNA levels. Further studies revealed that NSun2 methylated the 3′-UTR of ATX mRNA at cytosine 2756 in vitro and in vivo. Methylation by NSun2 enhanced ATX mRNA translation. In addition, NSun2-mediated 5-methylcytosine methylation promoted the export of ATX mRNA from nucleus to cytoplasm in an ALYREF-dependent manner. Knockdown of NSun2 suppressed the migration of U87 cells, which was rescued by the addition of LPA. In summary, we identify NSun2-mediated methylation of ATX mRNA as a novel mechanism in the regulation of ATX. 相似文献
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Alaa Elkordy Eikan Mishima Kuniyasu Niizuma Yasutoshi Akiyama Miki Fujimura Teiji Tominaga Takaaki Abe 《Journal of neurochemistry》2018,146(5):560-569
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The tRNA methyltransferase Dnmt2 is required for accurate polypeptide synthesis during haematopoiesis
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Francesca Tuorto Friederike Herbst Nader Alerasool Sebastian Bender Oliver Popp Giuseppina Federico Sonja Reitter Reinhard Liebers Georg Stoecklin Hermann‐Josef Gröne Gunnar Dittmar Hanno Glimm Frank Lyko 《The EMBO journal》2015,34(18):2350-2362
The Dnmt2 enzyme utilizes the catalytic mechanism of eukaryotic DNA methyltransferases to methylate several tRNAs at cytosine 38. Dnmt2 mutant mice, flies, and plants were reported to be viable and fertile, and the biological function of Dnmt2 has remained elusive. Here, we show that endochondral ossification is delayed in newborn Dnmt2‐deficient mice, which is accompanied by a reduction of the haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell population and a cell‐autonomous defect in their differentiation. RNA bisulfite sequencing revealed that Dnmt2 methylates C38 of tRNA AspGTC, GlyGCC, and ValAAC, thus preventing tRNA fragmentation. Proteomic analyses from primary bone marrow cells uncovered systematic differences in protein expression that are due to specific codon mistranslation by tRNAs lacking Dnmt2‐dependent methylation. Our observations demonstrate that Dnmt2 plays an important role in haematopoiesis and define a novel function of C38 tRNA methylation in the discrimination of near‐cognate codons, thereby ensuring accurate polypeptide synthesis. 相似文献
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tRNAs play a central role in protein translation, acting as the carrier of amino acids. By cloning microRNAs, we unexpectedly obtained some tRNA fragments generated by tRNA cleavage in the anticodon loop. These tRNA fragments are present in many cell lines and different mouse tissues. In addition, various stress conditions can induce this tRNA cleavage event in mammalian cells. More importantly, angiogenin (ANG), a member of RNase A superfamily, appears to be the nuclease which cleaves tRNAs into tRNA halves in vitro and in vivo. These results imply that angiogenin plays an important physiological role in cell stress response, except for the known function of inducing angiogenesis. 相似文献
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Francesca Tuorto Carine Legrand Cansu Cirzi Giuseppina Federico Reinhard Liebers Martin Müller Ann E Ehrenhofer‐Murray Gunnar Dittmar Hermann‐Josef Gröne Frank Lyko 《The EMBO journal》2018,37(18)
Global protein translation as well as translation at the codon level can be regulated by tRNA modifications. In eukaryotes, levels of tRNA queuosinylation reflect the bioavailability of the precursor queuine, which is salvaged from the diet and gut microbiota. We show here that nutritionally determined Q‐tRNA levels promote Dnmt2‐mediated methylation of tRNA Asp and control translational speed of Q‐decoded codons as well as at near‐cognate codons. Deregulation of translation upon queuine depletion results in unfolded proteins that trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress and activation of the unfolded protein response, both in cultured human cell lines and in germ‐free mice fed with a queuosine‐deficient diet. Taken together, our findings comprehensively resolve the role of this anticodon tRNA modification in the context of native protein translation and describe a novel mechanism that links nutritionally determined modification levels to effective polypeptide synthesis and cellular homeostasis. 相似文献
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Recent results have identified a diversity of small RNAs in a wide range of organisms. In this work, we demonstrate that Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains a small RNA population consisting primarily of tRNA halves and rRNA fragments. Both 5′ and 3′ fragments of tRNAs are detectable by Northern blot analysis, suggesting a process of endonucleolytic cleavage. tRNA and rRNA fragment production in yeast is most pronounced during oxidative stress conditions, especially during entry into stationary phase. Similar tRNA fragments are also observed in human cell lines and in plants during oxidative stress. These results demonstrate that tRNA cleavage is a conserved aspect of the response to oxidative stress. 相似文献
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Junyue Xing Jie Yi Xiaoyu Cai Hao Tang Zhenyun Liu Xiaotian Zhang Jennifer L. Martindale Xiaoling Yang Bin Jiang Myriam Gorospe Wengong Wang 《Molecular and cellular biology》2015,35(23):4043-4052
The tRNA methytransferase NSun2 promotes cell proliferation, but the molecular mechanism has not been elucidated. Here, we report that NSun2 regulates cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) expression in a cell cycle-dependent manner. Knockdown of NSun2 decreased the CDK1 protein level, while overexpression of NSun2 elevated it without altering CDK1 mRNA levels. Further studies revealed that NSun2 methylated CDK1 mRNA in vitro and in cells and that methylation by NSun2 enhanced CDK1 translation. Importantly, NSun2-mediated regulation of CDK1 expression had an impact on the cell division cycle. These results provide new insight into the regulation of CDK1 during the cell division cycle. 相似文献
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Gayathri Govindaraju CA. Jabeena Devadathan Valiyamangalath Sethumadhavan Nivethika Rajaram Arumugam Rajavelu 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms》2017,1860(10):1047-1057
In eukaryotes, cytosine methylation regulates diverse biological processes such as gene expression, development and maintenance of genomic integrity. However, cytosine methylation and its functions in pathogenic apicomplexan protozoans remain enigmatic. To address this, here we investigated the presence of cytosine methylation in the nucleic acids of the protozoan Plasmodium falciparum. Interestingly, P. falciparum has TRDMT1, a conserved homologue of DNA methyltransferase DNMT2. However, we found that TRDMT1 did not methylate DNA, in vitro. We demonstrate that TRDMT1 methylates cytosine in the endogenous aspartic acid tRNA of P. falciparum. Through RNA bisulfite sequencing, we mapped the position of 5-methyl cytosine in aspartic acid tRNA and found methylation only at C38 position. P. falciparum proteome has significantly higher aspartic acid content and a higher proportion of proteins with poly aspartic acid repeats than other apicomplexan pathogenic protozoans. Proteins with such repeats are functionally important, with significant roles in host-pathogen interactions. Therefore, TRDMT1 mediated C38 methylation of aspartic acid tRNA might play a critical role by translational regulation of important proteins and modulate the pathogenicity of the malarial parasite. 相似文献
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tRNA主要功能是转运氨基酸参与蛋白质合成,在蛋白质生物合成过程中起着关键性的作用.近年来发现,tRNA是细胞内小RNA分子的重要来源,具有其它重要的生物学功能.来源于成熟tRNA分子的tRNA片段根据切割位置及生成机制的不同,主要分为两类:一类是tRNA半分子(tRNA halves);另一类是较小的tRNA片段,称为tRFs( tRNA fragments).在哺乳动物细胞中,tRNA半分子由血管生成素在tRNA分子反密码环处切割生成.本文主要针对tRNA半分子的加工机制、功能及在临床上的潜在应用进行综述. 相似文献
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Satoshi Yamasaki Pavel Ivanov Guo-fu Hu Paul Anderson 《The Journal of cell biology》2009,185(1):35-42
Stress-induced phosphorylation of eIF2α inhibits global protein synthesis to conserve energy for repair of stress-induced damage. Stress-induced translational arrest is observed in cells expressing a nonphosphorylatable eIF2α mutant (S51A), which indicates the existence of an alternative pathway of translational control. In this paper, we show that arsenite, heat shock, or ultraviolet irradiation promotes transfer RNA (tRNA) cleavage and accumulation of tRNA-derived, stress-induced small RNAs (tiRNAs). We show that angiogenin, a secreted ribonuclease, is required for stress-induced production of tiRNAs. Knockdown of angiogenin, but not related ribonucleases, inhibits arsenite-induced tiRNA production and translational arrest. In contrast, knockdown of the angiogenin inhibitor RNH1 enhances tiRNA production and promotes arsenite-induced translational arrest. Moreover, recombinant angiogenin, but not RNase 4 or RNase A, induces tiRNA production and inhibits protein synthesis in the absence of exogenous stress. Finally, transfection of angiogenin-induced tiRNAs promotes phospho-eIF2α–independent translational arrest. Our results introduce angiogenin and tiRNAs as components of a phospho-eIF2α–independent stress response program. 相似文献
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C-terminal angiogenin peptides inhibit the biological and enzymatic activities of angiogenin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S M Rybak D S Auld D K St Clair Q Z Yao J W Fett 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1989,162(1):535-543
Synthetic peptides corresponding to the C-terminal region of angiogenin (Ang) inhibit the enzymatic and biological activities of the molecule while peptides from the N-terminal region do not affect either activity. The peptide Ang(108-121) transiently abolishes the inhibition of cell-free protein synthesis caused by angiogenin coincidentally with its cleavage of reticulocyte RNA. Several C-terminal peptides also inhibit nuclease activity of angiogenin when tRNA is the substrate. Furthermore, peptide Ang(108-123) significantly decreases neovascularization elicited by angiogenin in the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. 相似文献
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血管生成素是核糖核酸酶A超家族成员之一,具有较弱的核糖核酸酶活性.最新研究发现,血管生成素参与细胞内多种RNA的代谢过程.在生长条件下,血管生成素可以发生核转位聚集于细胞核中,促进rRNA转录,并可参与其剪切加工,同时它也调控一系列mRNA基因的转录,最终促进细胞的生长和增殖;在应激条件下,血管生成素能降解tRNA形成tiRNA,抑制细胞内整体蛋白质的翻译水平,并促进应激小体的形成,激活细胞内应激保护机制,从而促进细胞存活.此外,血管生成素还可参与非编码小RNA等RNA代谢过程.本文概述了血管生成素在RNA代谢中的作用与分子机制等方面的进展,并探讨了其在疾病发生和发展中的作用,以期开拓血管生成素的研究新思路. 相似文献
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Yeast tRNA is a convenient substrate for the assay of the ribonucleolytic activity of human angiogenin. The optimal pH, [NaCl], and temperature for tRNA cleavage by angiogenin are approximately 6.8, 15-30 mM, and approximately 55 degrees C, respectively, as compared with approximately 8.0, 100-200 mM, and approximately 65 degrees C, respectively, for RNase A. Polyanions and metals both inhibit angiogenin and RNase A but to different extents. 相似文献