地衣芽胞杆菌乙醛酸循环对聚谷氨酸合成的影响北大核心

[目的]了解乙醛酸循环在地衣芽胞杆菌WX-02生物合成聚谷氨酸中作用,为聚谷氨酸生产提供新的解决方法。[方法]采用基因工程手段,以地衣芽胞杆菌WX-02为原始菌株,分别增强表达和敲除异柠檬酸裂解酶ace A基因,检测发酵过程中聚谷氨酸产量、生物量、胞内外代谢物和相关基因转录量。[结果]增强表达异柠檬酸裂解酶ace A基因后,胞内谷氨酸浓度显著升高(483.42 ng/m L/Log(CFU)),溢流代谢产物减少(乙酸5.41 g/L、乙偶姻5.82 g/L、2,3-丁二醇7.31 g/L),聚谷氨酸生物合成产量为11.74 g/L,相比原始菌株提高15%。谷氨酸脱氢酶roc G基因、谷氨酸消旋酶glr基因和聚谷氨酸合成酶复合体中pgs B基因转录水平相对原始菌株分别提高1.61倍、1.32倍和1.24倍。[结论]增强乙醛酸循环可以降低地衣芽胞杆菌WX-02乙酸等溢流代谢产物合成,提高胞内谷氨酸合成能力,并上调聚谷氨酸合成酶基因转录水平,最终提高聚谷氨酸生物合成产量。     

地衣芽胞杆菌乙醛酸循环对聚谷氨酸合成的影响

[目的]了解乙醛酸循环在地衣芽胞杆菌WX-02生物合成聚谷氨酸中作用,为聚谷氨酸生产提供新的解决方法。[方法]采用基因工程手段,以地衣芽胞杆菌WX-02为原始菌株,分别增强表达和敲除异柠檬酸裂解酶ace A基因,检测发酵过程中聚谷氨酸产量、生物量、胞内外代谢物和相关基因转录量。[结果]增强表达异柠檬酸裂解酶ace A基因后,胞内谷氨酸浓度显著升高(483.42 ng/m L/Log(CFU)),溢流代谢产物减少(乙酸5.41 g/L、乙偶姻5.82 g/L、2,3-丁二醇7.31 g/L),聚谷氨酸生物合成产量为11.74 g/L,相比原始菌株提高15%。谷氨酸脱氢酶roc G基因、谷氨酸消旋酶glr基因和聚谷氨酸合成酶复合体中pgs B基因转录水平相对原始菌株分别提高1.61倍、1.32倍和1.24倍。[结论]增强乙醛酸循环可以降低地衣芽胞杆菌WX-02乙酸等溢流代谢产物合成,提高胞内谷氨酸合成能力,并上调聚谷氨酸合成酶基因转录水平,最终提高聚谷氨酸生物合成产量。     

白地霉的氧化代谢

1．自地霍完整静息幼胞氧化乙醇、乙酸、丙酮酸及草酰乙酸的速度很高,对其他三羧酸循环各酸如：琥珀酸、延胡索酸、a-酮戊二酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、顺岛头酸及异柠檬酸也能氧化,但速度甚低。 2．在白地霉无细胞提取液中测出了三羧酸循环中以下各种酶活力：柠檬酸精合酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶、顺岛头酸酶、a-酮戊二酸脱氢酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶、延胡索酸酶、苹果酸脱氢酶、苹果酸酶、草酰乙酸羧化酶等,并间接得知有乙酸激活酶及L-谷氨酸脱氢酶存在。 3．在白地霉无捆胞提取液中测出了乙醛酸循环的两个关键的酶皂口异柠檬酸酶及苹果酸合成酶。 4．由以上结果可知白地霉可利用三羧酸循环及乙醛酸循环作为末端呼吸途径。     

黑曲霉菌株柠檬酸合成酶基因的敲除及功能分析

【背景】柠檬酸合成酶是碳代谢途径的中心酶,其在三羧酸循环(tricarboxylic acid cycle,TCA)、氨基酸合成和乙醛酸循环中发挥着重要作用,是柠檬酸合成的关键酶。本论文所选用的是一株高产柠檬酸的黑曲霉菌株CGMCC10142。【目的】克隆柠檬酸合成酶关键基因,构建柠檬酸合成酶的敲除菌株并鉴定其在黑曲霉菌株高产柠檬酸过程中的功能及影响。【方法】采用根癌农杆菌转化方法并利用同源重组原理,采用抗性筛选和致死型反向筛选的双重筛选方法获得正确敲除株。对转化子在不同碳源下的生长情况进行观察并对柠檬酸发酵过程中菌丝球变化和产酸量进行分析,最后通过荧光定量PCR分析柠檬酸合成酶基因对黑曲霉积累柠檬酸的影响,及其对主要代谢途径中重要酶相关基因和其他的表达量的影响。【结果】以柠檬酸高产菌株黑曲霉CGMCC10142为出发菌,构建一株遗传稳定的柠檬酸合成酶敲除的菌株T1-2。结果发现该菌株在以葡萄糖为碳源的培养基上生长缓慢并且产生孢子量减少。通过摇瓶发酵产酸实验,结果表明敲除菌在84 h产酸量为64.3 g/L,相对于出发菌的98.7g/L降低了34.85%。通过荧光定量PCR发现柠檬酸合成酶的表达量是下降的,同时重要酶的表达量都下降。【结论】该菌株的柠檬酸合成酶基因对柠檬酸积累具有重要作用,但存在其他同工酶基因,该基因敲除仅使产酸合成降低34.85%,同时发现该柠檬酸合成酶的顺畅表达有助于主代谢途径中各关键酶的高效表达,本研究可为研究黑曲霉高产柠檬酸机理奠定基础。     

过量表达异柠檬酸裂解酶对ldh-1谷氨酸棒状杆菌产丁二酸的影响

谷氨酸棒状杆菌SA001是缺失了乳酸脱氢酶基因 (ldhA) 的菌株。为了增加厌氧条件下经异柠檬酸到丁二酸的代谢通量,以提高丁二酸的产量。将来自大肠杆菌Escherichia coli K12的异柠檬酸裂解酶基因导入谷氨酸棒状杆菌SA001 (SA001/pXMJ19-aceA) 中。该菌经0.8 mmol/L的IPTG有氧诱导12 h后,转入厌氧发酵16 h,丁二酸的产量为10.38 g/L,丁二酸的生产强度为0.83 g/(L·h)。与出发菌株比较,异柠檬酸裂解酶的酶活提高了5.8倍,丁二酸的产量提高了48%。结果表明过量表达异柠檬酸裂解酶可以增加由乙醛酸途径流向丁二酸的代谢流。     

尿素对热带假丝酵母Candida tropicalis合成长链二元酸途径的调节 Ⅱ.几个关键酶活力的消长

前文已报道尿素及尿素结构类似物对长链二元酸的合成酶系既有抑制作用,也有阻遏作用,从而调节了长链二元酸的合成。本文进一步从离体酶系探索过量尿素对热带假丝酵母在烃类氧化过程中有关三羧酸循环,乙醛酸循环,呼吸链,ω和β氧化等几个关键酶活力的消长关系。实验结果证明,过量尿素(0.2%)以上培养菌体的三羧酸循环三个主要脱氢酶,苹果酸脱氢酶,琥珀酸脱氢酶和异柠檬酸脱氢酶(NADP)的比活力分别为正常尿素(0.1%)培养菌体的5.3、3.0、1.7倍。乙醛酸循环关键酶,异柠檬酸裂解酶和苹果酸合成酶分别为正常尿素培养物的2.6和2.8倍。另一方面当尿素过量时ω-氧化酶系活力极微,而β-氧化酶系活力大大提高,以致长链二元酸难以积累。另外过氧化氢酶活力在过量尿素存在时也有显著提高。而谷氨酸脱氢酶、NADH氧化酶和由NAD连结的异柠檬酸脱氢酶在两种菌体内无明显差别。     

TCA循环中间产物对酿酒酵母胞内代谢关键酶活性的影响

对酿酒酵母在添加苹果酸、柠檬酸和琥珀酸的混合培养基与其在YEPD培养基中胞内丙酮酸激酶、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶、苹果酸脱氢酶、乙醇脱氢酶的酶活力差异进行了对比分析。结果表明:添加苹果酸使胞内丙酮酸激酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶、苹果酸脱氢酶、乙醇脱氢酶的酶活分别下降34.82%、57.23%、39.15%、12.10%;添加柠檬酸使胞内丙酮酸激酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶、苹果酸脱氢酶的酶活分别下降50.17%、42.20%、48.40%;添加琥珀酸使胞内丙酮酸激酶、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶、苹果酸脱氢酶、乙醇脱氢酶的酶活分别下降34.16%、34.16%、50.87%、50.87%、12.37%。丙酮酸激酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶和苹果酸脱氢酶对3种有机酸的耐受性较差,葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶、乙醇脱氢酶对3种有机酸的耐受具有选择性。     

种子中异柠檬酸裂解酶活性的测定

油类种子在萌发过程中,通过脂肪酸的β-氧化和乙醛酸循环将脂肪酸转变成碳水化合物。在乙醛酸循环中,异柠檬酸裂解酶(Isocitrate lyase,简写成ICL)是关键酶之一。它催化异柠檬酸裂解成乙醛酸和琥珀酸,前者进入乙醛酸循环,后者通过一系列反应(主要是糖酵解的逆转)合成葡萄糖。因此,测     

代谢工程改造枯草芽孢杆菌发酵生产乙偶姻

乙偶姻是枯草芽孢杆菌的主要代谢产物,它作为一种食用香精,广泛应用于食品、烟草、化妆品、清洁剂、酒类等行业。本研究首先在不产芽孢的枯草芽孢杆菌(BSD1,阻断了芽孢的合成途径)中敲除了2,3-丁二醇脱氢酶(BDH)的编码基因bdh A、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的编码基因ldh和乙酸激酶的编码基因(ACK)ack A,随后克隆了来自菌株B.subtilis168的α-乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)和α-乙酰乳酸脱羧酶(ALDC)基因als S和als D,并将其在上述敲除菌中过量表达,结果表明阻断副产物合成途径和加强乙偶姻合成途径关键酶的表达,会显著提高乙偶姻的产量,最终乙偶姻产量达到38.08 g/L,产率为0.45 g·L~(-1)·h~(-1),产率提高了约87.5%。     

尿素对热带假丝酵母Candida tropicalis合成长链二元酸途径的调节——Ⅱ.几个关键酶活力的消长

前文已报道尿素及尿素结构类似物对长链二元酸的合成酶系既有抑制作用,也有阻遏作用,从而调节了长链二元酸的合成。本文进一步从离体酶系探索过量尿素对热带假丝酵母在烃类氧化过程中有关三羧酸循环,乙醛酸循环,呼吸链,ω和β氧化等几个关键酶活力的消长关系。实验结果证明,过量尿素(0.2%)以上培养菌体的三羧酸循环三个主要脱氢酶,苹果酸脱氢酶,琥珀酸脱氢酶和异柠檬酸脱氢酶(NADP)的比活力分别为正常尿素(0.1%)培养菌体的5.3、3.0、1.7倍。乙醛酸循环关键酶,异柠檬酸裂解酶和苹果酸合成酶分别为正常尿素培养物的2.6和2.8倍。另一方面当尿素过量时ω-氧化酶系活力极微,而β-氧化酶系活力大大提高,以致长链二元酸难以积累。另外过氧化氢酶活力在过量尿素存在时也有显著提高。而谷氨酸脱氢酶、NADH氧化酶和由NAD连结的异柠檬酸脱氢酶在两种菌体内无明显差别。     

Comparison of dynamic responses of cellular metabolites in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Escherichia coli</Emphasis> to pulse addition of substrates

We conducted an integrated study of cell growth parameters, product formation, and the dynamics of intracellular metabolite concentrations using Escherichia coli with genes knocked out in the glycolytic and oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) for glucose catabolism. We investigated the same characteristics in the wild-type strain, using acetate or pyruvate as the sole carbon source. Dramatic effects on growth parameters and extracellular and intracellular metabolite concentrations were observed after blocking either glycolytic breakdown of glucose by inactivation of phosphoglucose isomerase (disruption of pgi gene) or pentose phosphate breakdown of glucose by inactivation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (disruption of zwf gene). Reducing power (NADPH) was mainly produced through PPP when the pgi gene was knocked out, while NADPH was produced through the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle by isocitrate dehydrogenase or NADP-linked malic enzyme when the zwf gene was knocked out. As expected, when the pgi gene was knocked out, intracellular concentrations of PPP metabolites were high and glycolytic and concentrations of TCA cycle pathway metabolites were low. In the zwf gene knockout, concentrations of PPP metabolites were low and concentrations of intracellular glycolytic and TCA cycle metabolites were high.     

双层面调控S. cerevisiae碳流促进L-乳酸积累

摘要：【目的】调控Sacchromyces cerevisiae丙酮酸节点碳流分布促进L-乳酸积累。【方法】利用同源重组方法,将来源于Bovine的乳酸脱氢酶基因LDH整合到S. cerevisiae CEN.PK2-1C基因组中,同时敲除丙酮酸脱羧酶基因PDC1,将碳流导向L-乳酸的积累,构建了基因工程菌S. cerevisiae CEN.PK2-1C[LDH]。在此基础上,通过分析丙酮酸节点处关键酶对NADH的Km值不同,而将来源于Streptococcus pneumoniae 的NADH氧化酶(n     

Construction of a Synthetic Bypass for Improvement of Aerobic Synthesis of Succinic Acid through the Oxidative Branch of the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle by Recombinant <Emphasis Type="Italic">Escherichia coli</Emphasis> Strains

The effect of the introduction of a synthetic bypass, providing 2-ketoglutarate to succinate conversion via the intermediate succinate semialdehyde formation, on aerobic biosynthesis of succinic acid from glucose through the oxidative branch of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in recombinant Escherichia coli strains has been studied. The strain lacking the key pathways of acetic, lactic acid and ethanol formation from pyruvate and acetyl-CoA and possessing modified system of glucose transport and phosphorylation was used as a chassis for the construction of the target recombinants. The operation of the glyoxylate shunt in the strains was precluded resulting from the deletion of the aceA, aceB, and glcB genes encoding isocitrate lyase and malate synthases A and G. The constitutive activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase was ensured due to deletion of isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phosphatase gene, aceK. Upon further inactivation of succinate dehydrogenase, the corresponding strain synthesized succinic acid from glucose with a molar yield of 24.9%. Activation of the synthetic bypass by the induced expression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 2-ketoglutarate decarboxylase gene notably increased the yield of succinic acid. Functional activity of the synthetic bypass in the strain with the inactivated glyoxylate shunt and opened tricarboxylic acid cycle led to 2.7-fold increase in succinate yield from glucose. As the result, the substrate to the target product conversion reached 67.2%. The respective approach could be useful for the construction of the efficient microbial succinic acid producers.     

Efficient homolactic fermentation by Kluyveromyces lactis strains defective in pyruvate utilization and transformed with the heterologous LDH gene.

A high yield of lactic acid per gram of glucose consumed and the absence of additional metabolites in the fermentation broth are two important goals of lactic acid production by microrganisms. Both purposes have been previously approached by using a Kluyveromyces lactis yeast strain lacking the single pyruvate decarboxylase gene (KlPDC1) and transformed with the heterologous lactate dehydrogenase gene (LDH). The LDH gene was placed under the control the KlPDC1 promoter, which has allowed very high levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, due to the absence of autoregulation by KlPdc1p. The maximal yield obtained was 0.58 g g(-1), suggesting that a large fraction of the glucose consumed was not converted into pyruvate. In a different attempt to redirect pyruvate flux toward homolactic fermentation, we used K. lactis LDH transformant strains deleted of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) E1alpha subunit gene. A great process improvement was obtained by the use of producing strains lacking both PDH and pyruvate decarboxylase activities, which showed yield levels of as high as 0.85 g g(-1) (maximum theoretical yield, 1 g g(-1)), and with high LDH activity.     

Komagataeibacter rhaeticus 3-15全基因组及葡萄糖脱氢酶基因缺失体的构建

细菌纤维素(BC)是一种新型的可再生、可降解的生物高分子材料。为了最大程度的发挥BC生产菌株K.rhaeticus 315的生产能力,本文首先对K.rhaeticus 315进行全基因组测序,通过功能基因的注释、分析碳源代谢流向。结果显示,该菌株碳代谢特征之一是缺乏磷酸果糖激酶的编码基因,不能通过EMP途径代谢糖类碳源,而是主要通过PPP途径和TCA途径代谢碳源,维持菌体生长和BC合成。由于葡萄糖脱氢酶的存在,该菌株在合成BC的同时生成大量副产物—葡萄糖酸。为此,本文通过敲除葡萄糖酸合成酶相关基因,即葡萄糖脱氢酶基因gcd,构建葡萄糖脱氢酶基因缺失重组株(gcd^-),将葡萄糖酸的生成量降低了77%。     

Alanine production in an H+-ATPase- and lactate dehydrogenase-defective mutant of Escherichia coli expressing alanine dehydrogenase

Previously, we reported that pyruvate production was markedly improved in TBLA-1, an H⁺-ATPase-defective Escherichia coli mutant derived from W1485lip2, a pyruvate-producing E. coli K-12 strain. TBLA-1 produced more than 30 g/l pyruvate from 50 g/l glucose by jar fermentation, while W1485lip2 produced only 25 g/l pyruvate (Yokota et al. in Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 58:2164–2167, 1994b). In this study, we tested the ability of TBLA-1 to produce alanine by fermentation. The alanine dehydrogenase (ADH) gene from Bacillus stearothermophilus was introduced into TBLA-1, and direct fermentation of alanine from glucose was carried out. However, a considerable amount of lactate was also produced. To reduce lactate accumulation, we knocked out the lactate dehydrogenase gene (ldhA) in TBLA-1. This alanine dehydrogenase-expressing and lactate dehydrogenase-defective mutant of TBLA-1 produced 20 g/l alanine from 50 g/l glucose after 24 h of fermentation. The molar conversion ratio of glucose to alanine was 41%, which is the highest level of alanine production reported to date. This is the first report to show that an H⁺-ATPase-defective mutant of E. coli can be used for amino acid production. Our results further indicate that H⁺-ATPase-defective mutants may be used for fermentative production of various compounds, including alanine.     

Improved Succinic Acid Production in the Anaerobic Culture of an Escherichia coli pflB ldhA Double Mutant as a Result of Enhanced Anaplerotic Activities in the Preceding Aerobic Culture

Escherichia coli NZN111 is a pflB ldhA double mutant which loses its ability to ferment glucose anaerobically due to redox imbalance. In this study, two-stage culture of NZN111 was carried out for succinic acid production. It was found that when NZN111 was aerobically cultured on acetate, it regained the ability to ferment glucose with succinic acid as the major product in subsequent anaerobic culture. In two-stage culture carried out in flasks, succinic acid was produced at a level of 11.26 g/liter from 13.4 g/liter of glucose with a succinic acid yield of 1.28 mol/mol glucose and a productivity of 1.13 g/liter·h in the anaerobic stage. Analyses of key enzyme activities revealed that the activities of isocitrate lyase, malate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, and phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxykinase were greatly enhanced while those of pyruvate kinase and PEP carboxylase were reduced in the acetate-grown cells. The two-stage culture was also performed in a 5-liter fermentor without separating the acetate-grown NZN111 cells from spent medium. The overall yield and concentration of succinic acid reached 1.13 mol/mol glucose and 28.2 g/liter, respectively, but the productivity of succinic acid in the anaerobic stage dropped to 0.7 g/liter·h due to cell autolysis and reduced anaplerotic activities. The results indicate the great potential to take advantage of cellular regulation mechanisms for improvement of succinic acid production by a metabolically engineered E. coli strain.     

NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase. Cloning, nucleotide sequence, and disruption of the IDH2 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is composed of two nonidentical subunits, designated IDH1 (Mr approximately 40,000) and IDH2 (Mr approximately 39,000). We have isolated and characterized a yeast genomic clone containing the IDH2 gene. The amino acid sequence deduced from the gene indicates that IDH2 is synthesized as a precursor of 369 amino acids (Mr 39,694) and is processed upon mitochondrial import to yield a mature protein of 354 amino acids (Mr 37,755). Amino acid sequence comparison between S. cerevisiae IDH2 and S. cerevisiae NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase shows no significant sequence identity, whereas comparison of IDH2 and Escherichia coli NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase reveals a 33% sequence identity. To confirm the identity of the IDH2 gene and examine the relationship between IDH1 and IDH2, the IDH2 gene was disrupted by genomic replacement in a haploid yeast strain. The disruption strain expressed no detectable IDH2, as determined by Western blot analysis, and was found to lack NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase activity, indicating that IDH2 is essential for a functional enzyme. Overexpression of IDH2, however, did not result in increased NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase activity, suggesting that both IDH1 and IDH2 subunits are required for catalytic activity. The disruption strain was unable to utilize acetate as a carbon source and exhibited a 2-fold slower growth rate than wild type strains on glycerol or lactate. This growth phenotype is consistent with NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase performing an essential role in the oxidative function of the citric acid cycle.     

Glycolic acid production using ethylene glycol-oxidizing microorganisms.

Screening for microorganisms oxidizing ethylene glycol to glycolic acid was carried out. Among stock cultures, several yeasts and acetic acid bacteria showed high glycolic acid producing activity. Pichia naganishii AKU 4267 formed the highest concentration of glycolic acid, 35.3 g/l, from 10% (v/v) ethylene glycol (molar conversion yield, 26.0%). Among soil isolates, Rhodotorula sp. 3Pr-126, isolated using propylene glycol as a sole carbon source, formed the highest concentration of glycolic acid, 25.1 g/l, from 10% (v/v) ethylene glycol (molar conversion yield, 18.5%). Rhodotorula sp. 3Pr-126 showed higher activity toward 20% (v/v) ethylene glycol than P. naganishii AKU 4267. Optimization of the conditions for glycolic acid production was investigated using P. naganishii AKU 4267 and Rhodotorula sp. 3Pr-126. Under the optimized conditions, P. naganishii AKU 4267 and Rhodotorula sp. 3Pr-126 formed 105 and 110 g/l of glycolic acid (corrected molar conversion yields, 88.0 and 92.2%) during 120 h of reaction, respectively.     

产L-苏氨酸重组大肠杆菌的构建和发酵性能

【背景】大肠杆菌由于生长性能优良、遗传背景清晰,常被用作苏氨酸生产菌。【目的】敲除大肠杆菌Escherichia coli THR苏氨酸合成途径的非必需基因,并异源表达苏氨酸合成必需的关键酶,构建一株苏氨酸高产菌株。【方法】利用FLP/FRT重组酶系统,敲除E. coli THR中lysC、pfkB和sstT,同时进行谷氨酸棒杆菌中lysC~(fbr)、thrE和丙酮丁醇梭菌中gapC的重组质粒构建并转化到宿主菌中。【结果】以E. coli THR为出发菌株,敲除其苏氨酸合成途径中表达天冬氨酸激酶Ⅲ (AKⅢ)的基因lysC、磷酸果糖激酶Ⅱ基因pfkB及苏氨酸吸收蛋白表达基因sstT,使菌株积累苏氨酸的产量达到75.64±0.35g/L,比出发菌株增加9.9%。随后异源表达谷氨酸棒杆菌中解除了反馈抑制的天冬氨酸激酶(lysC~(fbr))、苏氨酸分泌转运蛋白(thrE)及丙酮丁醇梭菌中由gapC编码的NADP+依赖型甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶,获得重组菌株E. coli THR6菌株。该菌株积累苏氨酸的产量提高到105.3±0.5 g/L,糖酸转化率提高了43.20%,单位产酸能力提高到5.76 g/g DCW,最大生物量为18.26 g DCW/L。【结论】单独敲除某个基因或改造某个途径不能使苏氨酸大量合成和积累,对多个代谢途径共同改造是构建苏氨酸工程菌的最有效方法。