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1.
Shu-Zhen Zhao Hong-Zhao Sun Ye Gao Na Sui Bao-Shan Wang 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2011,47(3):391-398
Suaeda salsa calluses cultured in darkness for 28 d were transferred to Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing various growth regulators
under white light conditions for 10 d to investigate cell growth, betacyanin accumulation, and expression of dopa-4,5-dioxygenase
(DODA). Callus growth was markedly promoted when 0.2 mg·L−1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg·L−1 6-BA were added to the MS medium. Surprisingly, of the auxins tested, IAA had no effect on betacyanin content, but 2,4-D
strongly decreased betacyanin content. Betacyanin content was positively correlated with 6-BA concentrations in the range
of 0.1–2.0 mg·L−1. DODA mRNA levels were consistent with the response of betacyanin content to exogenous growth regulators. These results suggest
that betacyanin metabolism in S. salsa calluses is regulated under white light conditions by growth regulators through the regulation of genes such as DODA that are involved in betacyanin synthesis. 相似文献
2.
Shu-Zhen Zhao Hong-Zhao Sun Min Chen Bao-Shan Wang 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,102(1):99-107
Suaeda salsa calli cultured in darkness for 28 days were transferred to Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing 0.5 mg l−1 Thidiazuron (TDZ) and 1.0 mg l−1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) under different light conditions for 10 days to investigate effect of light on betacyanin accumulation
and its relation to activity and expression of tyrosinase and expression of dopa-4,5-dioxygenase gene (DODA). Both light quality and quantity affected betacyanin synthesis of S. salsa calli. 80 μmol m−2 s−1 of white light intensity was optimal for cell growth and betacyanin accumulation of S. salsa calli. DODA mRNA levels and tyrosinase activity were consistent with the response of betacyanin content to different light quality. However,
the protein levels of tyrosinase extracted from S. salsa calli response to different light quality were constant. These results suggest that betacyanin metabolism in S. salsa calli is regulated by different light quality through the regulation of genes such as DODA and tyrosinase activity but not via alteration of the protein amount of tyrosinase. 相似文献
3.
This work examined the effects of exogenously applied abscisic acid (ABA) on the content of chlorophyll, carotenoids, α-tocopherol,
squalene, phytosterols, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) and 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXS) activity in Cannabis sativa L. at flowering stage. Treatment with 1 and 10 mg l−1 ABA significantly decreased the contents of chlorophyll, carotenoids, squalene, stigmasterol, sitosterol, and HMGR activity
in female cannabis plants. ABA caused an increase in α-tocopherol content and DXS activity in leaves and THC concentration
in leaves and flowers of female plants. Chlorophyll content decreased with 10 mg l−1 ABA in male plants. Treatment with 1 and 10 mg l−1 ABA showed a decrease in HMGR activity, squalene, stigmasterol, and sitosterol contents in leaves but an increase in THC
content of leaves and flowers in male plants. The results suggest that ABA can induce biosynthesis of 2-methyl-d-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway secondary metabolites accumulation (α-tocopherol and THC) and down regulated biosynthesis
of terpenoid primary metabolites from MEP and mevalonate (MVA) pathways (chlorophyll, carotenoids, and phytosterols) in Cannabis sativa. 相似文献
4.
Joshua Otieno Ogweno Wen Hai Hu Xing Shun Song Kai Shi Wei Hua Mao Yan Hong Zhou Jing Quan Yu 《Plant Growth Regulation》2010,60(3):175-182
Detached leaves of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) experienced photoinhibition associated with sharp reductions in net photosynthetic rate (Pn), quantum efficiency of
PSII (ΦPSII) and photochemical quenching (qP) even though they were exposed to mild light intensity (400 μmol m−2 s−1 PPFD) at 28°C. Photoinhibition and the reduction in Pn, ΦPSII and qP, however, were significantly alleviated by 1 mg l−1 ABA, 0.1 mg l−1
N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea (CPPU) and 0.01 mg l−1 24-epibrassinolide (EBR). Higher concentrations, however, reduced the effects or even exacerbated the occurrence of photoinhibition.
Superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase activity in leaves increased with the increases in ABA concentration within
1–100 mg l−1, CPPU concentration within 0.1–10 mg l−1 and EBR concentration within 0.01–1.0 mg l−1. Catalase and guaiacol peroxidase activity also increased with the increase in EBR concentration but CPPU and ABA treatments
at higher concentrations caused a decrease. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased with the increase in CPPU concentration.
ABA and EBR, however, decreased MDA concentration only at 1 and 0.01 mg l−1, respectively. In conclusion, detached leaves had increased sensitivity to PSII photoinhibition. Photoinhibition-induced
decrease in photosynthesis, however, was significantly alleviated by EBR, CPPU and ABA at a proper concentration. 相似文献
5.
Hanna Bandurska 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》1998,20(4):375-381
The aim of this work was to examine the ability of ABA and proline to counteract the deleterious effect of water deficit stress
on cell membrane injuries.
Six-day-old seedlings of two barley genotypes (cv. Aramir, line R567) were treated with ABA (2·10−4 M) or proline (0.1 M) for 24 h, and then subjected to osmotic stress for 24h, by immersing their roots in polyethylene glycol
(PEG 6000) solution of osmotic potential of −1.0 MPa and −1.5 MPa or by submerging the leaf pieces in PEG solution of osmotic
potential of −1.6 MPa.
Pretreatment of plants with ABA and proline caused an increase of free proline level in the leaves. Plants treated with ABA
exhibited a lower membrane injury index under water stress conditions than those untreated even when no effect of this hormone
on RWC in the leaves of stressed plants was observed. Pretreatment of plants with proline prevented to some extent membrane
damage in leaves of the stressed seedlings, but only in the case when stress was imposed to roots. Improvement in water status
of leaves was also observed in seedlings pretreatment with proline. The protective effect of both ABA and proline was more
pronounced in line R567 that exhibited higher membrane injury under water deficit stress conditions. 相似文献
6.
The rooting capacity of leaves isolated from a vegetative clone ofAnagallis arvensis L. exposed to 9 hours of light (75 W m−2) at 22 °C and 15 hours of dark at 12 °C a day is significant only in F1 young leaves and not in adult ones. The rooting capacity of the young leaves and of the vegetative shoots is greater in longer
photoperiods. The leaves make roots even under weak (14 W m−2) irradiance. The rooting capacity of the leaves is diminished and even suppressed by exogenous sucrose (14,60 ×10−3M). This inhibition may be counteracted by IAA (10−6M). When leaves and shoots are taken from clones under long (16 h) photoperiods, or in constant irradiance, they progressively
lose their rooting capacity during the treatment. Rooting capaoity is regained if the clones are returned again to “short
day” (9 h) condition.
相似文献
7.
Involvement of betacyanin in chilling-induced photoinhibition in leaves of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Suaeda salsa</Emphasis> 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Seeds of Suaeda salsa were cultured in dark for 3 d and betacyanin accumulation in seedlings was promoted significantly. Then the seedlings with
accumulated betacyanin (C+B) were transferred to 14/10 h light/dark and used for chilling treatment 15 d later. Photosystem
2 (PS2) photochemistry, D1 protein content, and xanthophyll cycle during the chilling-induced photoinhibition (exposed to
5 °C at a moderate photon flux density of 500 μmol m−2 s−1 for 3 h) and the subsequent restoration were compared between the C+B seedlings and the control (C) ones. The maximal efficiency
of PS2 photochemistry (Fv/Fm), the efficiency of excitation energy capture by open PS2 centres (Fv′/Fm′), and the yield of PS2 electron transport (ΦPS2) of the C+B and C leaves both decreased during photoinhibition. However, smaller decreases in Fv/Fm, Fv′/Fm′, and ΦPS2 were observed in the C+B leaves than in C ones. At the same time, the deepoxidation state of xanthophyll cycle, indicated
by (A+Z)/(V+A+Z) ratio, increased rapidly but the D1 protein content decreased considerably during the photoinhibition. The
increase in rate of (A+Z)/(V+A+Z) was higher but the D1 protein turnover was slower in C+B than C leaves. After photoinhibition
treatment, the plants were transferred to a dim irradiation (10 μmol m−2 s−1) at 25 °C for restoration. During restoration, the chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence parameters, D1 protein content, and xanthophyll
cycle components relaxed gradually, but the rate and level of restoration in the C+B leaves was greater than those in the
C leaves. The addition of betacyanins to the thylakoid solution in vitro resulted in similar changes of Fv/Fm, D1 protein content, and (A+Z)/(V+A+Z) ratio during the chilling process. Therefore, betacyanin accumulation in S. salsa seedlings may result in higher resistance to photoinhibition, larger slowing down of D1 protein turnover, and enhancement
of non-radiative energy dissipation associated with xanthophyll cycle, as well as in greater restoration after photoinhibition
than in the control when subjected to chilling at moderate irradiance. 相似文献
8.
Movement ofMimosa pudica L. pulvinules was investigated by using excised ones which were placed on a moist filter paper. The pulvinules excised in
the morning opened at the addition of IAA (10−7 M to 10−4M) in the dark. The lag period for the onset of the opening was about 15 min. Na-acetate buffer (pH 4) also induced the opening
of pulvinules in the dark, and the buffer-induced opening was inhibited by the uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation. Na-MES
and Na-citrate buffers (pH 4) did not induce the opening.
Pulvinules taken from closed leaves in the evening were less responsive to IAA than those taken from open leaves in the morning.
The pulvinules taken in the evening slightly opened with incandescent light (4000 lux), but those preincubated with IAA (10−7M and 10−6M) opened distinctly upon the illumination. 相似文献
9.
Takayoshi Tsuchiya 《Ecological Research》1989,4(2):157-166
Growth of a floating-leaved plant,Hydrocharis dubia L., was examined under varying nutrient conditions between 0.3 and 30 mgN l−1 total inorganic nitrogen.H. dubia plants cultured under the most nutrient-rich condition showed the highest maximum ramet density (736 m−2), the highest maximum biomass (80.4 g dry weight m−2), and the highest total net production (185 g dry weight m−2 in 82 days). Plants under nutrient-poor conditions had a relatively large proportion of root biomass and a small proportion
of leaves with a long life span.
Compared with other floating-leaved and terrestrial plants, the maximum biomass ofH. dubia was relatively small. This, and the rapid biomass turnover, was related to the short life span of leaves (13.2–18.7 days)
and large biomass distribution to leaves. 相似文献
10.
Ola Palm W. Lionel Weerakoon M. Ananda P. de Silva Thomas Rosswall 《Plant and Soil》1988,108(2):201-209
Sesbania sesban was evaluated as green manure crop for lowland rice in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka. The legume was grown during a fallow period
before lowland rice (Oryza sativa) and ploughed under just before transplanting. Weight loss and nitrogen content in litterbags containing leaves, stems and
roots of the legume were monitored. Comparisons were made between rice yields from 20 m2 plots after green manuring in combination with different nitrogen fertilizer levels (0, 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 gm−2) and nitrogen fertilizer (9.6 gm−2) alone. Above-ground biomass ofS. sesban was 440 gm−2 (dry wt) when ploughed under after 84 days growth. N-content in leaves, stems and roots was 3.76%, 0.41% and 0.73%, respectively.
This gave a N-input fromS. sesban of 9.2 gm−2 (8.3 g from above-ground parts and 0.9 g from roots). The corresponding K and P inputs were 7.3 and 0.6 gm−2 respectively. The nitrogen rich leaves, which contained 88% of the nitrogen in the above-ground parts, decomposed and released
its nitrogen much more rapidly than the stems and roots. After only four days the leaves had released 5.3 g Nm−2 and after 14 days they had released 6.4 g Nm−2. The highest rice yield (505 gm−2) was obtained usingS. sesban and 4.8 gm−2 of N-fertilizer. The yields with only N-fertilizer or onlyS. sesban were 442 gm−2 and 396 gm−2, respectively. Due to the rapid decomposition of the nitrogen rich leaves,S. sesban did not behave as a slow release fertilizer. Thus, it is not necessary to apply nitrogen fertilizers as a basal dose. 相似文献
11.
Yan Gong Hong-Nong Chou Chi-dao Tu Xi Liu Jiantong Liu Lirong Song 《Journal of applied phycology》2009,21(2):225-231
Arsenic pollution and eutrophication are both prominent issues in the aquaculture ponds of Taiwan. It is important to study
the effects of arsenic on algal growth and toxin production in order to assess the ecological risk of arsenic pollution, or
at least to understand naturally occurring ponds. The sensitivity of algae to arsenate has often been linked to the structural
similarities between arsenate and phosphate. Thus, in this study we examined the effects of arsenate (10−8 to 10−4 M) on Microcystis aeruginosa TY-1 isolated from Taiwan, under two phosphate regimes. The present study showed that M. aeruginosa TY-1 was arsenate tolerant up to 10−4 M, and that this tolerance was not affected by extracellular phosphate. However, it seems that extracellular phosphate contributed
to microcystin production and leakage by M. aeruginosa in response to arsenate. Under normal phosphate conditions, total toxin yields after arsenate treatment followed a typical
inverted U-shape hormesis, with a peak value of 2.25 ± 0.06 mg L−1 in the presence of 10−7 M arsenate, whereas 10−8 to 10−6 M arsenate increased leakage of ∼75% microcystin. Under phosphate starvation, total toxin yields were not affected by arsenate,
while 10−6 and 10−5 M arsenate stimulated microcystin leakage. It is suggested that arsenate may play a role in the process of microcystin biosynthesis
and excretion. Given the arsenic concentrations in aquaculture ponds in Taiwan, arsenate favors survival of toxic M. aeruginosa in such ponds, and arsenate-stimulated microcystin production and leakage may have an impact on the food chain. 相似文献
12.
Investigations were made of the growth ofNelumbo nucifera, an aquatic higher plant, in a natural stand in Lake Kasumigaura. A rise of 1.0 m in the water level after a typhoon in August
1986 caused a subsequent decrease in biomass ofN. nucifera from the maximum of 291 g d.w. m−2 in July to a minimum of 75 g d.w. m−2. The biomass recovered thereafter in shallower regions. The underground biomass in October tended to increase toward the
shore. The total leaf area index (LAI) is the sum of LAI of floating leaves and emergent leaves. The maximum total LAI was
1.3 and 2.8 m2 m−2 in 1986 and 1987, respectively. LAI of floating leaves did not exceed 1 m2 m−2. The elongation rates of the petiole of floating and emergent leaves just after unrolling were 2.6 and 3.4 cm day−1, respectively. The sudden rise in water level (25 cm day−1) after the typhoon in August 1986 caused drowning and subsequent decomposition of the mature leaves. Only the young leaves
were able to elongate, allowing their laminae to reach the water surface. The fluctuation in water level, characterized by
the amplitude and duration of flooding and the time of flooding in the life cycle, is an important factor determining the
growth and survival ofN. nucifera in Lake Kasumigaura. 相似文献
13.
M. J. Montague 《Journal of Plant Growth Regulation》1997,16(1):11-19
Segments can be cut from the peducular-1 internode of oat (Avena sativa L.) shoots so as to contain the graviresponsive, auxin-sensitive leaf sheath pulvinus, and the gibberellin-sensitive internodal
tissue. These two growth-capable tissues were used to study the effects and interactions of jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic
acid (ABA) in regulating cell elongation. When supplied alone at physiologic concentrations (10−5, 10−4
m), JA promoted growth and cell wall synthesis in the internodal tissue, whereas by itself, ABA inhibited internodal elongation
and even inhibited JA-promoted growth. When gibberellic acid (GA3) was used to stimulate internodal elongation, JA and ABA caused similar levels of inhibition and, at certain concentrations,
were synergistic. Inhibition by ABA was initiated several hours earlier than inhibition by JA, and only the ABA effect could
be partially overcome by 10−3
m aminoethoxyvinylglycine. Both JA and ABA inhibited elongation of pulvinar tissue that was induced to grow by gravistimulus
or auxin, although here JA was more potent than ABA at equimolar concentrations. When 10−5
m fusicoccin was used as a general nonphysiologic growth stimulus, JA had no effect on the internode but inhibited the pulvinus,
whereas ABA had no effect on the pulvinus but inhibited the internode. These results provide strong physiologic evidence that
JA and ABA act by different mechanisms in the regulation of elongation, at least in this representative grass.
Received May 28, 1996; accepted November 7, 1996 相似文献
14.
The aim of this research was to determine whether exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) applied immediately after ex vitro transfer of in vitro grown plants can improve their acclimatization. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plantlets were transferred into pots with Perlite initially moistened either by water or 50 μM ABA solution and they
were grown under low (LI) or high (HI) irradiance of 150 and 700 μmol m−2 s−1, respectively. Endogenous content of ABA in tobacco leaves increased considerably after ABA application and even more in
plants grown under HI. Stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate decreased considerably 1 d after
ex vitro transfer and increased thereafter. The gas exchange parameters were further decreased by ABA application and so wilting of
these plants was limited. Chlorophyll (a+b) and β-carotene contents were higher in ABA-treated plants, but the content of xanthophyll cycle pigments was not increased.
However, the degree of xanthophyll cycle pigments deepoxidation was decreased what also suggested less stress in ABA-treated
plants. No dramatic changes in most chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters after ex vitro transfer suggested that the plants did not suffer from restriction of electron transport or photosystem damage. 相似文献
15.
Effect of Abscisic Acid on Banana Fruit Ripening in Relation to the Role of Ethylene 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Abstract
The role of abscisic acid (ABA) in banana fruit ripening was examined with the ethylene binding inhibitor, 1-methylcyclopropene
(1-MCP). ABA (0, 10−5, 10−4, or 10−3 mol/L) was applied by vacuum infiltration into fruit. 1-MCP (1 μL/L) was applied by injecting a measured volume of stock
gas into sealed glass jars containing fruit. Fruit ripening, as judged by ethylene evolution and respiration associated with
color change and softening, was accelerated by 10−4 or 10−3 mol/L ABA. ABA at 10−5 mol/L had no effect. The acceleration of ripening by ABA was greater at 10−3 mol/L than at 10−4 mol/L. ABA-induced acceleration of banana fruit ripening was not observed in 1-MCP treated fruit, especially when ABA was
applied after exposure to 1-MCP. Thus, ABA's promotion of ripening in intact banana fruit is at least partially mediated by
ethylene. Exposure of ABA-treated fruit to 0.1 μL/L ethylene for 24 h resulted in increased ethylene production and respiration,
and associated skin color change and fruit softening. Control fruit (no ABA) was unresponsive to similar ethylene treatments.
The data suggest that ABA facilitates initiation and progress in the sequence of ethylene-mediated ripening events, possibly
by enhancing the sensitivity to ethylene.
Received 29 January 1999; accepted 16 January 2000 相似文献
16.
Dumlupinar R Genisel M Erdal S Korkut T Taspinar MS Taskin M 《Biological trace element research》2011,143(3):1740-1745
The present study was performed to determine the changes in inorganic element content in barley leaves of mammalian sex hormones
(MSH). Barley leaves were sprayed with 10−4, 10−6, 10−9, 10−12, 10−15 M concentrations of progesterone, β-estradiol, and androsterone at 7th day after sowing. The plants were harvested at the
end of 18 days after treatment with MSH solutions. The inorganic element concentrations were determined using wavelength dispersive
X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy technique. Although the all MSH concentrations significantly (p < 0.05) increased the concentrations of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur, copper, manganese, aluminum, zinc, iron,
potassium, and chlorine, it decreased those of sodium concentration in barley leaves. The maximum changes in the element concentrations
were obtained at 10−9 M for plant leaves treated with progesterone, 10−6 M for plant leaves treated with β-estradiol and androsterone. The present study elucidated that MSH significantly (p < 0.05) affected the inorganic element concentrations in barley leaves. 相似文献
17.
Nodal explants of submerged shoots ofLimnophila indica (L.) Druce were cultured in Nitsch's liquid medium containing abscisic acid (ABA, 10-9-10-6 M). At 10-7 and 10-6 M, ABA induced typical aerial leaves (entire, ovate, opposite-decussately arranged) even under submerged conditions and completely suppressed the development of water leaves (pinnately dissected and whorled). Flowers that invariably arise from aerial shoots were induced precociously by ABA even on submerged nodes.Abbreviation ABA
abscisic acid 相似文献
18.
The adaptation ofCamellia rusticana, an evergreen broad-leaved shrub found in areas of heavy snowfall in Japan, to heavy snowfall environments, and the mechanisms
by which it is damaged in winter above the snow, were investigated. The stomatal response and photosynthetic characteristics
ofC. rusticana were compared to those ofCamellia japonica found in areas of light snowfall. In field conditions, the mean net photosynthesis ofC. rusticana at photon flux density (PFD) over 200 μmol m−2s−1 (Pn(>200). was 50% larger than that ofC. japonica, but in both light saturated and CO2 saturated conditions, the O2 evolution rate (Pc) ofC. rusticana was not different from that ofC. japonica. Mean leaf conductance at PFD over 200 μmol m−2s−1 (gl(>200)) was about 100% larger than that ofC. japonica in the field. The Pn(>200)) was 50% ratio ofC. rusticana was 37% higher than that ofC. japonica which suggests thatC. rusticana's larger Pn(>200) can be explained by its larger gl(>200). WhenC. rusticana trees wintering underneath the snow were projected above it, the leaves of these plants showed serious drought within five
days in non-freezing conditions. Their Pc and the maximum stomatal conductance decreased by half and did not recover. The
leaves ofC. rusticana showed larger gl(>200) and a less sensitive stomatal response to the decrease of leaf water potential than that ofC. japonica. The stomata characteristics ofC. rusticana caused larger net photosynthesis than that ofC. japonica during the no snow period, and caused the need for snow cover in winter as protector from winter drought. 相似文献
19.
The hypocotyls, cotyledons, leaf blades, whole leaves and petioles of seedlings ofAilanthus altissima are capable of producing callus and budsin vitro. Buds and callus were also obtained from whole leaves and internodes of 2-years old plantlets grownin vitro. From the calli buds differentiated and later, both from buds developing directly without a callus phase and alsovia a callus phase, well developed shoots were formed. The cultures were mainained on MS medium in 2 combinations: A) IAA - 0.2
mg 1−1, BAP - 1 mg 1−1, GA3 - 0.5 mg 1−1, thiamine - 4 mg 1−1 and sucrose 3 %; B) BAP - 0.5 mg 1−1, IAA - 1 mg 1−1, casein hydrolysate 400 mg 1−1, thiamine 4 mg 1−1 and sucrose 3 %. Excised shoots, which had developedde novo in culture, produced roots when incubated on the basic mineral medium of MS with the addition of IAA. The regenerative potential
ofA. altissima is very high and this woody species seems to be an ideal object for various morphogenetic studies. 相似文献
20.
Karen L. Koster Ronald A. Balsamo Catherine Espinoza Melvin J. Oliver 《Plant Growth Regulation》2010,62(3):293-302
The moss Physcomitrella patens is becoming the model of choice for functional genomic studies at the cellular level. Studies report that Physcomitrella survives moderate osmotic and salt stress, and that desiccation tolerance can be induced by exogenous ABA. Our goal was to
quantify the extent of dehydration tolerance in wild type moss and to examine the nature of cellular damage caused by desiccation.
We exposed Physcomitrella to humidities that generate water potentials from −4 (97% RH) to −273 MPa (13% RH) and monitored water loss until equilibrium.
Water contents were measured on a dry matter basis to determine the extent of dehydration because fresh weights (FW) were
found to be variable and, therefore, unreliable. We measured electrolyte leakage from rehydrating moss, assessed overall regrowth,
and imaged cells to evaluate their response to drying and rehydration. Physcomitrella did not routinely survive water potentials <−13 MPa. Upon rehydration, moss dried to water contents >0.4 g g dm−1 maintained levels of leakage similar to those of hydrated controls. Moss dried to lower water contents leaked extensively,
suggesting that plasma membranes were damaged. Moss protonemal cells were shrunken and their walls twisted, even at −13 MPa.
Moss cells rehydrated after drying to −273 MPa failed to re-expand completely, again indicating membrane damage. ABA treatment
elicited tolerance of desiccation to at least −273 MPa and limited membrane damage. Results of this work will form the basis
for ongoing studies on the functional genomics of desiccation tolerance at the cellular level. 相似文献