A non-linear model for measuring grapevine leaf thickness by means of red-edge/near-infrared spectral reflectance

Vegetation is a key element of our ecology system. The leaf area and its thickness provide valuable information about the status of our environment. Thus, there is a need for accurate, efficient, practical methodologies to estimate this biochemical parameter. Hyperspectral measurement is a means of quickly assessing leaf parameter in situ. In the past decades, there were lots of work (Boyd et al.) that focused on measurement of leaf area index, but very few on measurement of leaf thickness. In this paper, reflectance of grape leaves was measured over the spectral range of 350–1010 nm. The corresponding thickness of leaves from four grapevine cultivars was also measured as part of seventeen field campaigns undertaken during the summer of 2007. An artificial-intelligence technique, the support vector machine (SVM) model, was introduced to establish the relationship between the leaf thickness and red-edge/near-infrared (NIR) reflectance, with variability examined among individual cultivars as well as at various growth stages. The best wavelengths were variable depending on the grape cultivar and growth stage. The SVM model allows compilation of factors such as cultivar and growth stage with spectral information to yield a superior result.     

A non-linear model for measuring grapevine leaf thickness by means of red-edge/near-infrared spectral reflectance

Vegetation is a key element of our ecology system. The leaf area and its thickness provide valuable information about the status of our environment. Thus, there is a need for accurate, efficient, practical methodologies to estimate this biochemical parameter. Hyperspectral measurement is a means of quickly assessing leaf parameter in situ. In the past decades, there were lots of work (Boyd et al.) that focused on measurement of leaf area index, but very few on measurement of leaf thickness. In this paper, reflectance of grape leaves was measured over the spectral range of 350–1010 nm. The corresponding thickness of leaves from four grapevine cultivars was also measured as part of seventeen field campaigns undertaken during the summer of 2007. An artificial-intelligence technique, the support vector machine (SVM) model, was introduced to establish the relationship between the leaf thickness and red-edge/near-infrared (NIR) reflectance, with variability examined among individual cultivars as well as at various growth stages. The best wavelengths were variable depending on the grape cultivar and growth stage. The SVM model allows compilation of factors such as cultivar and growth stage with spectral information to yield a superior result.     

Effects of leaf shape plasticity on leaf surface temperature北大核心CSCD

Aims The shape plasticity of plant leaves is an important survival strategy to high temperature and drought in arid region, yet reliable evidences are insufficient to validate the fundamental concepts. Our objective was to demonstrate the specific effects of leaf morphology on leaf surface temperature. Methods Infrared thermal images were processed to determine the leaf temperature and shape parameters of simulated and actual leaf shape. Microclimatic conditions were recorded using a automatic weather station near the sampling plot, including wind speed, radiation and air temperature. Important findings Under the drought and high temperature, the plasticity of leaf shape appeared an important measure to regulate leaf temperature, except leaf transpiration. The exchange rates of matter and energy between leaves and the environment were enhanced by smaller leaves that effectively decreased leaf temperature. With low wind speed and high temperature, leaf surface temperature decreased 2.1 °C per 1 cm reduction in leaf width. However, leaf surface temperature of a simulated leaf decreased 0.60–0.86 °C per 1 cm reduction in leaf width. Results from this study will help us to understand plant adaptability and survival strategy in arid region. © 2018 Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology. All rights reserved.     

Anatomical and morphological parameters of leaves and leaf petioles of Actinidia deliciosa

Differences in anatomy and morphology of the kiwifruit leaves and leaf petioles might play a considerable role in the sex-determination. Three months after bud break (June), the kiwifruit leaves of both male and female plants, grown on the vegetative and generative shoots showed different leaf area (128.6 ± 13.45 cm2 in male and 104.5 ± 4.02 cm2 in female plants) and shape. The most frequently leaf shape was determined as "folium cordatum" and "folium rotundato-cordatum". Higher values of total leaf thickness of the female leaves (190 ± 3.84 μm) in comparison to male leaves (174 ± 3.52 μm) were estimated, resulting in the thicker adaxial leaf epidermis and especially in thicker palisade parenchyma in female leaves (136 ± 2.76 μm in comparison to 104 ± 1.61 μm in male leaves). Typically bifacial leaves were observed in both male and female leaves. Anomocytic stomata in hypostomatic leaves were found. The reticulate venation appears to be the main type of leaf venation. Stalked stellate multicellular trichomes on the abaxial leaf side were frequently observed in the leaves of both sexes. No important differences between male and female plants were found in the structures of vascular system in leaves and leaf petioles. Thus leaf thickness and surface morphology of adaxial leaf epidermis can be considered as important structural parameters in the sex determination. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

What is the optimal number of leaves when measuring leaf area of tree species in a forest community?北大核心CSCD

Aims Leaf size, as one of the easier measured plant morphological traits, reflects response and adaptation of plants to environment and indicates functions and processes of ecosystem. When measuring leaf size (the leaf area, LA) on the field, the common accepted practice considers that the number of leaves picked off is often 10–20. However, what is the optimal number of leaves remains unknown. In this study, we attempt to determine how many leaves should be investigated when the leaf size of a tree is measured. Methods This study selected two dominant tree species (Schima superba, Ss and Liquidambar formosana, Lf) from a broadleaved evergreen and deciduous mixed forest in Jinhua Mountain of Zhejiang Province, eastern China. On the basis of sampling (>2 500 leaves for each tree) in five classes of the diameter of breast height (DBH) of tree species and at six directions for each individual, variations of LA in the two tree species are statistically analyzed. The optimal number of leaves, which can mostly represent the common leaf size feature, is further investigated. Important findings Mean LA of the evergreen tree Ss was smaller than that of the deciduous tree Lf. The former was (41.60 10.88) cm2 (16.74–100.80 cm2) and the latter was (57.65 19.35) cm2 (11.31–129.51 cm2). LA of Lf was significantly related to the DBH, but LA of Ss was not. LA of both trees in the middle DBH class (15–20 cm) was not significantly different from their means. LA of two trees have no significant correlations with the sampling directions, but LA at the east, west and bottom had no significant relationships with their means. Considering the representativeness and practicality in the field sampling, the priority of selecting leaves can target the bottom direction of middle diameter mature trees. Random sampling analysis indicated that, the optimal number of leaves for tree LA measurement is species specific. The optimal number of leaves for Ss is 40 and for Lf is at least 170, respectively. Therefore, when measuring leaf area in a forest community, the optimal sampling number of leaves should not be limited to 10–20 leaves. Under sufficient labor, material and time, more leaves should be measured. © Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology.     

Bionic Leaf Simulating the Thermal Effect of Natural Leaf Transpiration

We proposed a kind of bionic leaf to simulate the thermal effect of leaf transpiration. The bionic leaf was firstly designed to be composed of a green coating, a water holding layer, a Composite Adsorbent （CS） layer and an adsorption-desorption rate controlling layer. A thermophysical model was established for the bionic leaf, and the dynamic simulation results reveal that the water holding layer is not necessary; a CS of high thermal conductivity should be selected as the CS layer; the adsorp- tion-desorption rate controlling layer could be removed due to the low adsorption-desorption rate of the CS; and when CaC12 mass fraction of the CS reaches 40%; the bionic leaf could simulate the dynamic thermal behavior of the natural leaf. Based on the simulation results, we prepared bionic leaves with different CaC12 content. The thermographies of the bionic leaf and the natural leaf were shot using the Infrared Thermal Imager. The measured average radiative temperature difference between the bionic and natural leaves is less than 1.0 ℃.     

Responses of nitrogen and phosphorus resorption from leaves and branches to long-term nitrogen deposition in a Chinese fir plantation北大核心CSCD

Aims Our objectives were to investigate differences in nutrient resorption between different plant organs (leaf and branch), among plants with different life spans (one-year old, two-year old and senesced), and under different duration of nitrogen (N) deposition treatments in a Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation. Methods The long-term N deposition experiment was conducted in a 12-year-old fir plantation of subtropical China. N deposition treatment was initiated in January 2004 until now, up-going 14 years. N deposition were designed at 4 levels of 0, 60, 120, and 240 kg·hm–2·a–1, indicated as N0, N1, N2, and N3, respectively, with 3 replicates for each treatment. The solution of CO(NH2)2 was sprayed on the forest floor each month. In the study, we measured N and phosphorus (P) concentrations and analyzed the pattern of nutrient resorption of mature and senescing leaves and branches. The different responses of needles N and P resorption after 7- and 14-year N deposition treatments were also compared. Important findings After 14 years of N deposition, (1) during the senescing process, leaf and branch C, N, and P content gradually decreased with increasing treatment duration, with higher content in leaf than in branch. N content decreased in the order of one-year old green leaf > two-year old green leaf > senescent leaf > one-year old living branch > two-year old living branch > senescent branch, and N3 > N2 > N1 > N0, with C:N showing the opposite trend. Senescent organs had higher C:N, N:P, and C:P than mature living organs. N deposition increased N, N:P, and C:P of mature living organs (except for the two-year old green leaf), while decreased P and C:N. (2) N resorption efficiency (REN) and P resorption efficiency (REP) of leaves and branches decreased gradually with increasing life span. REP was typically higher in leaf and branch than REN. Leaf had lower REN (28.12%) than branch (30.00%), but higher REP (45.82%) than branch (30.42%). A highly significant linear correlation existed between N:P and REN:REP in leaves and branches. (3) REN decreased but REP increased with the treatment duration of N deposition. The longer experimental duration (14 years) reduced REN by 9.85%, 3.17%, 11.71% under N1, N2, and N3 treatments, respectively, and increased REP by 71.98%, 42.25%, 9.60%, respectively, than the shorter treatment duration (7 years). In summary, the responses of essential nutrients resorption efficiency for different plant organs and life span varied with the levels and duration of N deposition treatment. REN:REP in leaf and branch were mostly driven by N:P of leaf and branch. The results highlight that nutrients resorption is significantly influenced by long-term N deposition. © Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology.     

Variations and interrelationships of foliar hydraulic and photosynthetic traits for Larix gmelinii北大核心CSCD

Aims: Variations and potential trade-offs of leaf hydraulic and photosynthetic traits are essential for assessing and predicting the effect of climate change on tree survival, growth and distribution. Our aims were to examine variations and interrelationships of leaf hydraulic and photosynthetic traits in response to changes in site conditions for Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii)-a dominant tree species in Chinese boreal forests. Methods: This study was conducted at the Maoershan Forest Ecosystem Research Station. A transect of 27 year-old Dahurian larch plantation was established that consisted of five plots extending from the valley to the ridge of a slope. The predawn leaf water potential (ψpre), area- and mass-based leaf hydraulic conductance (Karea and Kmass, respectively), resistance to embolism capacity (P50), leaf mass per area (LMA), net photosynthetic rate (A), and leaf nitrogen content (N) were measured in August 2016. Important findings: The ψpre, Karea, Kmass, P50, A, LMA, and N all varied significantly among the plots (p < 0.05), indicating significant intra-specific variations in these traits in response to the changes in site conditions. The P50 was significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with ψpre, Karea or Kmass, suggesting that a trade-off between hydraulic efficiency and safety exist within the species to some degree. There were significant (p < 0.05) pairwise correlations between A, LMA, and N. Nevertheless, there was no significant (p < 0.05) correlation between the measured photosynthetic traits and hydraulic traits. We concluded that the intra-specific variations and multiple interrelationships of the leaf hydraulic and photosynthetic traits for the larch reflect the plasticity of its leaf traits and strategies of its survival and growth as a result of its acclimation to diverse site conditions.     

Cotton Leaf Curl Virus： Ionic Status of Leaves and Symptom Development

In the present study, the relationship between the nutritional status of leaves and the development of symptoms of cotton leaf curl virus （CLCuV） in two cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.） cuItlvars （I.e. CIM-240 and S-12） was Investigated. The incidence of disease attack was found to be 100% In the S-12 cuItlvar and 16% in the CIM-240 cuItivar. Geminivirus particles in infected leaves were confirmed by transmission electron microscope examination of highly specific geminivirus coat protein antlsera-treated cell sap. The CLCuV Impaired the accumulation of different nutrients in both cuItivars. A marked decrease in the accumulation of Ca^2＋ and K^＋ was observed in infected leaves. However, the disease had no effect on leaf concentrations of Na^＋, N, and P. It was observed that the curling of leaf margins in CLCuV-Infected plants was associated with the leaf Ca^2＋ content; leaf curling was severe in plants with a significant reduction In Ca^2＋ content. Moreover, leaf K＆＋ content was found to be associated with resistance/susceptibility to CLCuV infection.     

A new species of Leptocycas (Zamiaceae) from the Upper Triassic sediments of Liaoning Province,China

A new cycad,Leptocycas yangcaogouensis sp.nov.,was found in sediments from the Late Triassic in western Liaoning,China.The pinnately compound leaves(Pseudoctenis type)are screwed in a crown on the stem top.The leaflets are linear,with parallel veins and decurrent bases on the rachis.The leaf bases are persistent.The cataphylls intermix with the leaves.The female cone is ovoid in shape.The characteristics of the new plant are more similar to those of Leptocycas gracilis,a Triassic cycad from North America,but the new species differs from L.gracilis in the size of its stem(7–8 vs.3–5 cm in diameter,respectively),leaves(length×width 100×16 vs.30×7 cm,respectively)and leaf density along the stem(4–6 vs.1–2 bases/1 cm length,respectively).Both L.gracilis and L.yangcaogouensis,having leaves of the Pseudoctenis type,show a closer relationship to the extant Dioon of Zamiaceae.The present study provides evidence for the origin of the genus Dioon,which may have come from Leptocycas plants of the Triassic.It would be assumed that the extent cycads in Zamiaceae originate from the pteridosperms in the Late Paleozoic and have evolved through the stage of L.gracilis and L.yangcaogouensis in Late Triassic,and reaching the extant Dioon.     

Effects of copper on the growth, photosynthesis and nutrient concentrations of Phaseolus plants

Bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Zargana Kavala) were grown under conditions of increasing Cu concentrations in the growth medium (0.5-160.5 μM). Generally, the Cu concentrations between 0.5-1.5 μM were deficient, 1.5-10.5 μM were optimal, and 10.5-160.5 μM were toxic to plant growth. The Cu toxicity was associated with marked increases in plant tissue Cu concentrations. Under the Cu-deficient and optimal growth conditions, Cu was located primarily in the leaves. Under Cu toxicity, it was primarily sequestered in the roots. With increasing Cu in the growth medium, there was a positive correlation between Cu concentrations in the roots, stems and leaves, Ca in the roots, and K and Mg in the leaves. In contrast, Ca concentrations in the leaves and stems showed a negative correlation. The chlorophyll (Chl) concentration increased with increasing leaf Cu concentration, however, the Chl a/b ratio decreased. Since with an increasing leaf Cu concentration the leaf area decreased more markedly than the leaf dry mass, the net photosynthetic rate (PN) per leaf area increased and per dry mass decreased. The increase in PN per leaf area was almost entirely accounted for by the increase in Chl concentration. The initial Chl fluorescence (F0) increased with increasing leaf Cu concentration. The ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence (Fv/Fm) under Cu toxicity decreased. The half-time for the rise from F0 to Fm (t1/2) remained relatively unchanged with increasing leaf Cu concentration. Therefore the Cu-stress caused a small decrease in the efficiency of photosystem 2 photochemistry, but its primary effect was on growth. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

A Novel Nonlinear Parameter Estimation Method of Soft Tissues

The elastic parameters of soft tissues are important for medical diagnosis and virtual surgery simulation. In this study, we propose a novel nonlinear parameter estimation method for soft tissues. Firstly, an in-house data acquisition platform was used to obtain external forces and their corresponding deformation values. To provide highly precise data for estimating nonlinear parameters, the measured forces were corrected using the constructed weighted combination forecasting model based on a support vector machine(WCFM_SVM). Secondly, a tetrahedral finite element parameter estimation model was established to describe the physical characteristics of soft tissues,using the substitution parameters of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio to avoid solving complicated nonlinear problems. To improve the robustness of our model and avoid poor local minima,the initial parameters solved by a linear finite element model were introduced into the parameter estimation model. Finally, a self-adapting Levenberg–Marquardt(LM) algorithm was presented,which is capable of adaptively adjusting iterative parameters to solve the established parameter estimation model. The maximum absolute error of our WCFM_SVM model was less than 0.03 Newton, resulting in more accurate forces in comparison with other correction models tested.The maximum absolute error between the calculated and measured nodal displacements was less than 1.5 mm, demonstrating that our nonlinear parameters are precise.     

Feeding and oviposition preference of Helopeltis theivora （Hemiptera： Miridae） on tea in Northeast India

Feeding and oviposition preference studies of Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse, on leaves and stems of tea, Camellia sinensis L.（O）Kuntze, revealed that the insect mostly preferred the second leaf for feeding in comparison to the first, and the third leaf and stems; while the fifth instar nymphs were the most voracious feeders among the life stages, producing themost and largest feeding lesions. The insect preferred to oviposit mainly on stems and very few eggs are found on leaves.     

Response of Solanum tuberosum to Myzus persicae infestation at different stages of foliage maturity

Young leaves of the potato Solanum tuberosum L. cultivar Kardal contain resistance factors to the green peach aphid Myzuspersicae （Sulzer） （Hemiptera： Aphididae） and normal probing behavior is impeded. However, M. persicae can survive and reproduce on mature and senescent leaves of the cv. Kardal plant without problems. We compared the settling ofM. persicae on young and old leaves and analyzed the impact of aphids settling on the plant in terms of gene expression. Settling, as measured by aphid numbers staying on young or old leaves, showed that after 21 h significantly fewer aphids were found on the young leaves. At earlier time points there were no difference between young and old leaves, suggesting that the young leaf resistance factors are not located at the surface level but deeper in the tissue. Gene expression was measured in plants at 96 h postinfestation, which is at a late stage in the interaction and in compatible interactions this is long enough for host plant acceptance to occur. In old leaves of cv. Kardal （compatible interaction）, M. persicae infestation elicited a higher number of differentially regulated genes than in young leaves. The plant response to aphid infestation included a larger number of genes induced than repressed, and the proportion of induced versus repressed genes was larger in young than in old leaves. Several genes changing expression seem to be involved in changing the metabolic state of the leaf from source to sink.     

Mechanical Characteristics of Typical Plant Leaves

Plant leaf is a natural composite biomaterial, and its strength is closely related to the microstructure. In this paper, themechanical characteristics of eight species of plant leaves were investigated and analyzed. The ultimate strength of leaves andthe hardness of leaf surfaces were measured by using universal testing machine and nanoindenter tester, respectively. The tensilestrength of the parallel microstructure was investigated based on its cross-sectional mechanical model. The results of tensiontests indicate that the ultimate strength of a leaf is related to the material composition and structure. The coriaceous leavesusually exhibit higher tensile strength. For example, the Phyllostachys pubescens leaf can achieve the maximum ultimatestrength of 5.9091 N·mm^-2. It is concluded from the results of hardness tests that material components of leaf surface caninfluence the surface hardness evidently. The leaf surface composed of more lignin and cellulose materials shows a highersurface hardness than that composed of more carbohydrates materials.     

LSL1 controls cell death and grain production by stabilizing chloroplast in rice

Lesion mutants can be valuable tools to reveal the interactions between genetic factors and environmental signals and to improve grain production. Here we identified a rice(Oryza sativa) mutant, lesion spotleaf1(lsl1), which produces necrotic leaf lesions throughout its life cycle. LSL1 encodes a protein of unknown function and belongs to a grass-specific clade. The lesion phenotype of the lsl1 mutant was sharply induced by shading, and its detached leaves incubated in 6-benzylamino purine simil...     

Body Surface Area Prediction in Odorrana grahami

Body surface area（BSA）was regarded as a more readily quantifiable parameter relative to body mass in the normalization of comparative biochemistry and physiology.The BSA prediction has attracted unceasing research back more than a century on animals,especially on humans and rats.Few studies in this area for anurans were reported,and the equation for body surface area（S）and body mass（W）：S=9.9 W 0.56,which was concluded from toads of four species in 1969,was generally adopted to estimate the body surface areas for anurans until recent years.However,this equation was not applicable to Odorrana grahami.The relationship between body surface area and body mass for this species was established as：S=15.4 W 0.579.Our current results suggest estimation equations should be used cautiously across different species and body surface area predictions on more species need to be conducted.     

Relationship between fresh leaf traits and leaf litter decomposition of 20 plant species in Kerqin sandy land, China

20 plant species (10 monocots and 10 dicots) grown in Kerqin sandy grassland were incubated under indoor conditions to monitor the amount and rate of CO₂ release from the leaf litter. 11 traits of mature fresh leaves including caloric value, contents of Mg, P, N, K, C, C/N, N/P, specific leaf area, dry matter content and leaf surface area were measured to determine the relationship between CO₂ release and leaf characteristics. All those traits have great variation among the 20 species with over 3 fold differences between the maximum and minimum values, and a few traits such as leaf Mg content reached as high as 9 folds. After 28 d's incubation, the average CO₂ release amount from all the species was (4121 ± 1713) μg kg^?1 dry soil. The highest level from Chenopodium acuminatum was (8767 ± 177) μg kg^?1 dry soil, which was 5 folds higher than the lowest level ((1669 ± 47)μg kg^?1 dry soil) from Digitaria sanguinalis. However, CO₂ release rate showed the same trend in all the 20 species, i.e., the leaf litter decomposed faster initially (0–4 d), and gradually slowed down during extended cultural periods. Comparison between monocots and dicots showed that these two taxonomic groups had significant differences in terms of the amount and rate of CO₂ released from leaf litter, and N and C contents, leaf C/N, and dry matter content of mature leaves. Contents of N, C and dry matter, and C/N of mature leaves are significantly correlated with CO₂ release from leaf litter decomposition, which has been revealed by the Pearson correlation test. It can be concluded that these three traits of mature leaves can be used indirectly to predict decomposition rate of the leaf litter.     

Relationship between fresh leaf traits and leaf litter decomposition of 20 plant species in Kerqin sandy land, China

20 plant species (10 monocots and 10 dicots) grown in Kerqin sandy grassland were incubated under indoor conditions to monitor the amount and rate of CO₂ release from the leaf litter. 11 traits of mature fresh leaves including caloric value, contents of Mg, P, N, K, C, C/N, N/P, specific leaf area, dry matter content and leaf surface area were measured to determine the relationship between CO₂ release and leaf characteristics. All those traits have great variation among the 20 species with over 3 fold differences between the maximum and minimum values, and a few traits such as leaf Mg content reached as high as 9 folds. After 28 d's incubation, the average CO₂ release amount from all the species was (4121 ± 1713) μg kg^?1 dry soil. The highest level from Chenopodium acuminatum was (8767 ± 177) μg kg^?1 dry soil, which was 5 folds higher than the lowest level ((1669 ± 47)μg kg^?1 dry soil) from Digitaria sanguinalis. However, CO₂ release rate showed the same trend in all the 20 species, i.e., the leaf litter decomposed faster initially (0–4 d), and gradually slowed down during extended cultural periods. Comparison between monocots and dicots showed that these two taxonomic groups had significant differences in terms of the amount and rate of CO₂ released from leaf litter, and N and C contents, leaf C/N, and dry matter content of mature leaves. Contents of N, C and dry matter, and C/N of mature leaves are significantly correlated with CO₂ release from leaf litter decomposition, which has been revealed by the Pearson correlation test. It can be concluded that these three traits of mature leaves can be used indirectly to predict decomposition rate of the leaf litter.     

翅果油树及其群落中7种优势木本种类的叶性特征比较

Taking Elaeagnus mollis Diels and seven dominant woody species in its community from Yicheng County of Shanxi Province as research objects, leaf traits including specific leaf area (SLA), nitrogen content in leaf per unit area ( Narea ) , leaf dry matter content ( LDMC ) and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency ( PNUE ) were compared, and correlations of SLA value with LDMC and PNUE values were analyzed. The results show that there are different degree variations in four indexes of leaf traits of E. mollis, Vitex negundo var. heterophylla ( Franch.) Rehd., Broussonetia papyrifera ( Linn.) L' Hér. ex Vent., Lespedeza bicolor Turcz., Caragana microphylla Lam., Rosa xanthina Lindl., Amygdalus davidiana ( Carrière) de Vos ex Henry and Periploca sepium Bunge, in which, SLA value with the largest coefficient of variation ( 404%) , and LDMC value with the lowest coefficient of variation ( 103%) . Compared with other tested species, SLA and PNUE values of E. mollis are the lowest ( 103 cm-2 · g-1 and 108 μmol · mol-1 · s-1 , respectively) , while its Narea value is the highest ( 0243 g · m-2 ) , and its LDMC value is also relatively high ( 0380 g·g-1 ) . SLA value of eight tested species show an extremely significant positive correlation ( P<001) with PNUE value, and a significant negative correlation ( P<005 ) with LDMC value, correlation coefficient are 0923 and -0718, respectively, indicating that SLA value is an important parameter of leaf photosynthetic capacity and resource utilization ability. It is suggested that compared with other dominant woody species, E. mollis is more sensitive to environmental change, and has a poor environmental adaptability.