The Ontological and Cultural Genesis of Forms of Memorization: Replication of the Experiments of A.N. Leontiev

Information is presented from a replication of the experiments of A.N. Leontiev (1928), and the ontological and cultural genesis of direct and mediated memorization is traced. It was confirmed that each form of memorization develops with a different degree of productivity and in different ways. No confirmation was found for A.N. Leontiev’s postulate that the ontogenesis of memorization is subject to the “parallelogram principle.” The relationship between forms of memorization and the time and nature of mnemic activity is shown. A pronounced decrease was found in the productivity of memorization processes among present-day schoolchildren and undergraduates as compared with the schoolchildren and undergraduates tested by A.N. Leontiev.     

On Life and Work of N.V. Luchnik

Russian Journal of Genetics -     

Lateromyxa gallica N. G., N. Sp. (Vampyrellidae): A Filopodial Amoeboid Protist With A Novel Life Cycle and Conspicuous Ultrastructural Characters

ABSTRACT. A large, uni- or multinucleate vampyrellid rhizopod, Lateromyxa gallica n. g., n. sp., has been isolated several times from two lakes in central France between September 1973 and August 1989 and cultivated for several months or years under laboratory conditions. No essential variations of feeding behaviour were found over the time; all isolated strains invade the trichomes of the green alga Oedogonium and move, divide and encyst inside the vanished plant cells. Penetration is performed by attacking the cross walls and only primary attacks are directed against the lateral cell walls of the algae. These findings contrast with the behaviour, life cycles and fine structure of all known species of the genera Vampyrella, Hyalodiscus, Arachnula and Gobiella. The establishment of a new genus, Lateromyxa , with the type species Lateromyxa gallica is therefore proposed.     

The Life Cycle of Rotaliella elatiana N. Sp.: A Tiny Macroalgavorous Foraminifer from the Gulf of Elat1

ABSTRACT. A new foraminiferan species, Rotaliella elatiana n. sp., was isolated in the Gulf of Elat, where it lives in association with a macrophytic green alga, Enteromorpha. The agamont of this tiny new species has a transparent test composed of a bilocular embryonic chamber followed by six to seven trochospirally coiled inflated chambers. The spiral sutures are undulated. The umbilical side has numerous denticules and has radial grooves. The gamont has only one inflated chamber. Rotaliella elatiana has a classical, heterophasic life cycle, with a regular alternation of diploid agamontic phase and haploid gamontic phase. The gamontic phase of the life cycle is exceptionally reduced and the uninucleated gamonts pair immediately after they build their first chamber. A few cases of autogamic reproduction were observed. R. elatiana is a heterocaryotic species; agamonts have one somatic and two to three generative nuclei.     

The development of A. N. Belozersky's ideas in polyphosphate biochemistry

This review covers some trends and approaches to the study of inorganic polyphosphates that originated from the fruitful ideas and pioneering works of A. N. Belozersky. This is, first of all, the elucidation of a close relationship between these biopolymers and nucleic acids in organisms at different evolutionary stages; second, the study of "fossil" reactions in polyphosphate metabolism that permit an understanding of their role in the evolution of phosphorus turnover and cell bioenergetics; third, the possible use of the conservative enzymes of polyphosphate metabolism, e.g., exopolyphosphatases, as molecular chronometers for obtaining additional data concerning the theory of the endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotes.     

The Growth and Life of A Monoclonal Crypt

Abstract. A computer simulation of a highly dynamic model for the birth, growth and adult life of a monoclonal crypt in the intestine was developed starting with a single precursor stem cell. the intestinal epithelial system was studied and observed in analogy to ' in vivo ' experiments. the model output, e.g. the geometric shape of a crypt, mitotic index, labelling index and the crypt length distribution in adult state, was compared with experimental data. There was evidence from the simulation that a certain steady state in the adult life could be reached regardless of some harmless influences in post-natal life, e.g. the influence of being weaned or non-weaned. the model is based on our hypothesis of the generation-controlled proliferation mechanism and at the same time is a confirmation of it.