共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Gulati S Gupta N Singh NP Batra S Garg S Beniwal P Kumar S 《Parasitology international》2007,56(3):251-254
Lymphatic filariasis is endemic in India. Out of 128 million infected individuals worldwide, India accounts for 48 million cases [Manson's Tropical Diseases, 21st Ed. p 1488]. Filariasis can have protean manifestations, but Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia and chyluria are unusual manifestations reported mainly from South Asian countries [Manson's Tropical Diseases, 21st Ed. p 1494]. Chyluria occurs only in 2% of filarial afflicted patients in the filarial belt [Diamond E, Schapira HE. Chyluria--a review of literature. Urology 1985;26(5): 427-31]. Lymphatic filariasis presenting as chyluria may be equally rare. Predominant chyluria with no overt lymphatic filariasis remains an enigma. 相似文献
2.
Esterre P Plichart C Huin-Blondey MO Nguyen LN Hartmann D Guerret S Reimert CM Ricard-Blum S 《Parasite (Paris, France)》2006,13(2):165-170
We measured the concentrations of several circulating fibrosis markers (type I collagen I, type III procollagen, hyaluronan) and eosinophil granule proteins (ECP and EPX) in lymphatic filariosis patients to investigate their relationship with clinical, parasitological and immunological data. This study was conducted in Polynesian patients with various stages of the disease (acute lymphangitis, chyluria, hydrocoele, elephantiasis), a closely related microbial lymphangitis and endemic controls. We observed modifications of the different markers in this pathology. Serum type I collagen and PIIINP were decreased. Serum hyaluronan, linked to perilymphatic granulomatous inflammation, was significantly increased in acute lymphangitis and elephantiasis patients. Serum ECP was also increased, at the limit of significance in our sample, in elephantiasis patients. These two last markers, already validated in another helminth disease, schistosomiasis, have potential interest in terms of follow-up of morbidity in these parasitic diseases. 相似文献
3.
Robert E. Ferrell Catherine J. Baty Mark A. Kimak Elizabeth C. Lawrence Stephen D. Meriney David N. Finegold 《American journal of human genetics》2010,86(6):943-2815
Lymphedema is the clinical manifestation of defects in lymphatic structure or function. Mutations identified in genes regulating lymphatic development result in inherited lymphedema. No mutations have yet been identified in genes mediating lymphatic function that result in inherited lymphedema. Survey microarray studies comparing lymphatic and blood endothelial cells identified expression of several connexins in lymphatic endothelial cells. Additionally, gap junctions are implicated in maintaining lymphatic flow. By sequencing GJA1, GJA4, and GJC2 in a group of families with dominantly inherited lymphedema, we identified six probands with unique missense mutations in GJC2 (encoding connexin [Cx] 47). Two larger families cosegregate lymphedema and GJC2 mutation (LOD score = 6.5). We hypothesize that missense mutations in GJC2 alter gap junction function and disrupt lymphatic flow. Until now, GJC2 mutations were only thought to cause dysmyelination, with primary expression of Cx47 limited to the central nervous system. The identification of GJC2 mutations as a cause of primary lymphedema raises the possibility of novel gap-junction-modifying agents as potential therapy for some forms of lymphedema. 相似文献
4.
W Kociecka E Simon M Paku?a D Fundowicz 《Polski tygodnik lekarski (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)》1992,47(36-37):805-807
Two cases of sarcoidosis with peripheral lymphatic nodes involvement and coexisting toxoplasmosis are presented. Both cases illustrate diagnostic and differentiating problems in patients with chronic lymphatic nodes enlargement and positive serological reaction to T. gondii antigen. An emphasis is on the importance of the histological examination of the lymphatic nodes for the sarcoidosis diagnosis and contribution of T. gondii to the disease. Positive serological reaction to T. gondii antigen in patients with sarcoidosis may reflect inactive toxoplasmosis; however, periodical serological tests are necessary monitoring the due immunosuppressive treatment used in patients with sarcoidosis. 相似文献
5.
Hammadi Fakhfakh Lobna Ayadi Ines Samet Kamel Chabchoub Mohamed Njeh Salah Boujelben Ali Bahloul Tahya Boudawara Mohamed Nabil Mhirm 《Andrologie》2007,17(1):49-54
Persistent mullerian duct syndrome is a relatively rare inherited defect of sexual differentiation characterised by failure of regression of the mullerian ducts in males. In affected individuals, the uterus and tubes are present due to a defect of synthesis or action of antimullerian hormone normally produced by testicular Sertoli cells. The authors report four cases with a mean age of 20 years. All patients were phenotypically normal males, with bilateral cryptorchidism in two cases and unilateral irreducible inguinal mass in the other two cases. The mullerian ducts were removed in two cases and left in place in two cases as they were intimately adherent to the vas deferens. Long-term follow-up was decided due to the risk of malignant transformation of these remnants recently described in literature. According to the authors, the best management of these structures is excision and orchidopexy. In the case of adult infertility with testicular atrophy, gonadectomy and androgen replacement therapy are recommended. 相似文献
6.
Stephen J. Kish Kathleen S. Shannak Oleh Hornykiewicz 《Journal of neurochemistry》1984,42(5):1476-1478
Noradrenaline (NA) was measured in postmortem cerebellar cortex of 15 patients with dominantly inherited olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA). The mean cerebellar cortical NA level was significantly reduced (by 40%) in OPCA as compared with control values. The NA deficit most likely reflects a degeneration of the locus caeruleus noradrenergic system that is known to occur in some patients with OPCA. The relationship between the altered cerebellar NA levels and the clinical symptomatology of OPCA remains to be determined. 相似文献
7.
Decreased content of docosahexaenoate and arachidonate in plasma phospholipids in Usher's syndrome 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
N G Bazan B L Scott T S Reddy M Z Pelias 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1986,141(2):600-604
Docosahexaenoate and arachidonate were found to be significantly decreased in plasma phospholipids from Usher's syndrome patients. The fatty acid content of plasma triacylglycerols was not changed in these patients. Usher's syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder, involves an inherited visual cell degeneration. Photoreceptor membranes are richly endowed with docosahexaenoate and arachidonate, and a metabolic defect affecting these polyunsaturated fatty acids may occur. Moreover, blindness may be due, at least partially, to an alteration in the unsaturated phospholipids of photoreceptor membranes. 相似文献
8.
Karen C. Patterson Christophe J. Queval Maximiliano G. Gutierrez 《BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology》2019,41(11)
A striking and unexplained feature of granulomatous inflammation is its anatomical association with the lymphatic system. Accumulating evidence suggests that lymphatic tracks and granulomas may alter the function of each other. The formation of new lymphatics, or lymphangiogenesis, is an adaptive response to tumor formation, infection, and wound healing. Granulomas also may induce lymphangiogenesis which, through a variety of mechanisms, could contribute to disease outcomes in tuberculosis and sarcoidosis. On the other hand, alterations in lymph node function and lymphatic draining may be primary events which attenuate the risk and severity of granulomatous inflammation. This review begins with an introduction of granulomatous inflammation and the lymphatic system. A role of the lymphatic system in tuberculosis and sarcoidosis is then hypothesized. With a focus on lymphangiogenesis in these diseases, and on the potential for this process to promote dissemination, parallels are established with the well‐established role of lymphangiogenesis in tumor biology. 相似文献
9.
Arkadiusz Spycha?a Dawid Murawa Konstanty Korski 《Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy》2011,16(6):232-236
Background
In spite of radical gastrectomy with resection of the lymphatic system, where no metastases are found during histopathological examination, about 30% of patients have relapse of the neoplastic process. This situation may be caused by micrometastases or isolated neoplastic cells in the lymphatic system which were not identified during a standard histopathological examination.Aim
The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical importance of micrometastases within the lymphatic system in patients with gastric cancer.Materials and methods
A group of 20 patients treated for gastric cancer were subjected to retrospective analysis. Of all the patients who underwent surgery, a group with tumours classified as T1 or T2 was selected. No metastases within the lymphatic system were found in the standard evaluation – N0 mark. Paraffin-embedded blocks of lymph nodes were cut and new specimens were made, which were then stained again by means of immunohistochemistry. Antibodies against cytokeratin AE1/AE3 were used.Results
A total of 319 lymph nodes were assessed in 20 patients in an H + E examination. After the immunohistochemical examination, micrometastases within the lymphatic system were found in 4 (20%) patients and isolated neoplastic cells in other 4 (20%) patients.Conclusion
On the basis of numerous publications and our own material, we think that the presence of micrometastases may be related to a worse prognosis. The clinical importance of micrometastases within the lymphatic system in patients after total gastrectomy. 相似文献10.
Schwarz K Ma Y Pannicke U Lieber MR 《BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology》2003,25(11):1061-1070
Human severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) is the most serious inherited immunological deficit. Recent work has revealed defects in the predominant pathway for double-strand break repair called nonhomologous DNA end joining, or NHEJ. Progress in the biochemistry and genetics of NHEJ and of human SCID has proven to be synergistic between these two fields in a manner that covers the range from biochemical etiology to considerations about possible gene therapy for the B- SCID patients. 相似文献
11.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Understand the nomenclature and classification system of vascular malformations. 2. Evaluate these patients diagnostically. 3. Outline the surgical and nonsurgical options for treating these lesions. SUMMARY: Vascular anomalies can be classified into two unique groups-hemangiomas and vascular malformations-based on their endothelial properties. The present review focuses on vascular malformations rather than hemangiomas. The authors address capillary malformations, lymphatic malformations, venous malformations, and arteriovenous malformations. Diagnostic and therapeutic modalities are discussed with relevant case examples. A MEDLINE search was performed to gather all pertinent references. The physician treating these challenging lesions should ideally use a multidisciplinary team-based approach with multispecialty experience in diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for the management of vascular malformations. 相似文献
12.
Mounzer R Shkarin P Papademetris X Constable T Ruddle NH Fahmy TM 《Lymphatic research and biology》2007,5(3):151-158
BACKGROUND: Evaluation of lymphedema and lymph node metastasis in humans has relied primarily on invasive or radioactive modalities. While noninvasive technologies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offer the potential for true three-dimensional imaging of lymphatic structures, invasive modalities, such as optical fluorescence microscopy, provide higher resolution and clearer delineation of both lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels. Thus, contrast agents that image lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes by both fluorescence and MRI may further enhance our understanding of the structure and function of the lymphatic system. Recent applications of bimodal (fluorescence and MR) contrast agents in mice have not achieved clear visualization of lymphatic vessels and nodes. Here the authors describe the development of a nanoparticulate contrast agent that is taken up by lymphatic vessels to draining lymph nodes and detected by both modalities. METHODS: A unique nanoparticulate contrast agent composed of a polyamidoamine dendrimer core conjugated to paramagnetic contrast agents and fluorescent probes was synthesized. Anesthetized mice were injected with the nanoparticulates in the hind footpads and imaged by MR and fluorescence microscopy. High resolution MR and fluorescence images were obtained and compared to traditional techniques for lymphatic visualization using Evans blue dye. RESULTS: Lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels were clearly observed by both MRI and fluorescence microscopy using the bimodal nanoparticulate contrast agent. Characteristic tail-lymphatics were also visualized by both modalities. Contrast imaging yielded a higher resolution than the traditional method employing Evans blue dye. MR data correlated with fluorescence and Evans blue dye imaging. CONCLUSION: A bimodal nanoparticulate contrast agent facilitates the visualization of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes by both fluorescence microscopy and MRI with strong correlation between the two modalities. This agent may translate to applications such as the assessment of malignancy and lymphedema in humans and the evaluation of lymphatic vessel function and morphology in animal models. 相似文献
13.
von der Weid PY Zawieja DC 《The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology》2004,36(7):1147-1153
Embedded into the wall of collecting lymphatic vessels and trunks, the lymphatic smooth muscles are cardinal to the functions of the lymphatic system. Their intrinsic contractile property--the intrinsic lymph pump--through rhythmical and phasic contractions of the vessels, represents the principal mechanism by which lymph flow is generated. Through changes in tonic constrictions, lymphatic smooth muscles also modulate lymph flow resistance. Lymphatic smooth muscles are sensitive to physical and chemical stimuli, mediating changes in their activity and modulating lymphatic drainage. Because lymphatic smooth muscles play such an important role in fluid transport, their dysfunction may be a component of many inflammatory disease states. This review presents recent findings on the physiology and cellular biology of lymphatic smooth muscles and discusses the importance of these cells for the function of the lymphatic system in physiological and pathophysiological situations. 相似文献
14.
The lymphatic system is not only essential for maintenance of normal fluid balance, but also for proper immunologic function by providing an extensive network of vessels, important for cell trafficking and antigen delivery, as well as an exclusive environment, the lymph node (LN), where antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and lymphocytes can encounter and interact. Among APCs, dendritic cells (DCs) have a remarkable capacity to traffic from peripheral tissues to the draining LN, which is critical for execution of their functions. To reach the LN, DCs must migrate towards and enter lymphatic vessels. Here, the authors review what is known about the factors that drive this process. They touch particularly on the topic of how DC migration is affected by inflammation and discuss this in the context of lymphatic function. Traditionally, inflammatory mediators are regarded to support DC migration to LNs because they induce molecules on DCs known to guide them to lymphatics. The authors recently showed that inflammatory signals present in a strong vaccine adjuvant induce swelling in LNs accompanied by lymphangiogenesis in the draining LN and radius of peripheral tissue. These increased lymphatics, at least for several days, lead to a more robust migration of DCs. However, the density of lymphatic vessels can become overly extended and/or their function impaired as observed during lymphedema and various chronic inflammatory reactions. Diseases characterized by chronic inflammation often present with impaired DC migration and adaptive immunity. Gaining a better understanding of how lymphatic vessel function may impact adaptive immunity by, for example, altering DC migration will benefit clinical research aiming to manipulate immune responses and manage chronic inflammatory diseases. 相似文献
15.
Lymphedemas due to a local blockade of the lymphatic system can be treated by bridging the defect with autologous lymphatic grafts. Under the microscope, grafts are anastomosed to peripheral lymphatics distal to and central lymphatics proximal to the regional blockade. In this way, the diminished transport capacity can be restored. In the case of unilateral blockade at the groin or pelvis, the grafts connect the lymphatics of the thigh of the affected leg with lymphatics in the contralateral healthy groin. Between June of 1980 and December of 1986, 55 patients with lymphedemas have been treated by lymphatic grafting. The effect of lymph vessel transplantation has been evaluated by volume measurements and lymphatic scintiscans, showing a persistent patency of grafts, improvement of the transport index, and a persistent reduction in volume of the affected limbs. The reduction reached a level of 80 percent in patients with a follow-up of at least 3 years. The transport index showed an improvement of 30 percent. Autologous lymph vessel transplantation has been shown to be a fundamental step toward the microsurgical treatment of lymphedema. 相似文献
16.
RAMON M. FUSARO HENRY T. LYNCH JANE F. LYNCH NANCY J. MADSEN 《Pigment cell & melanoma research》1988,1(Z1):152-157
Familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome, a cancer-associated genodermatosis, is a dominantly inherited heterogeneous disorder with variable expressivity of both its cutaneous and cancer phenotypes. By using a verified historical review technique of cancer documentation (idout patient health records, pathology reports/slides, autopsy reports/slides, and death certificates) of all anatomic sites in all members of a modified nuclear pedigree (first-degree relatives plus maternal and paternal grandparents, aunts, and uncles) over several generations, we showed that the FAMMM syndrome is similar to the majority of autosomal dominant inherited cancer-associated genodermatoses and has excessive risk for cancer of multiple anatomic sites. With respect to the FAMMM syndrome, these cancers involved the breast, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal system, the eye (intraocular melanoma), and the lymphatic system. These FAMMM pedigrees showed some of the following distinctive characteristics of hereditary cancer: 1) integral patterns of cancer within and between pedigrees; 2) early age of onset of cancer; 3) prolonged survival of some pedigree members with cancer; and 4) an excess of multiple primary melanomas and cancers of variable anatomic sites. The presence of these features indicates that these cancers of variable anatomic sites may be etiologically associated with the FAMMM syndrome. Heterogeneity should be investigated in FAMMM pedigrees with attention to consistent differences in size and distribution of atypical lesions, age at cancer onset, and pattern of tumor occurrences. The occurrence of FAMMM pedigrees in the general population or among pedigrees of probands with atypical nevi is not known. The occurrence of systemic cancers in these FAMMM pedigrees requires the development of cancer surveillance programs that are specifically modified to the particular cancer pattern of each pedigree. 相似文献
17.
Blei F 《Lymphatic research and biology》2011,9(4):185-190
"Lymphangiomatosis" is a general term for excessive growth of aberrant lymphatic vessels. The impact of lymphangiomatosis can be devastating due to osteolysis and/or multi-organ involvement. The disorders are heterogeneous, and treatment is dependent upon disease location and symptoms. Most reports are single cases or small case series, predominantly in the orthopedic and radiologic literature. Basic research focused on lymphatic disorders may translate into new therapies for these disorders. 相似文献
18.
Substantial advances have accrued over the last decade in the identification of the processes that contribute to lymphatic vascular development in health and disease. Identification of distinct regulatory milestones, from a variety of genetic models, has led to a stepwise chronology of lymphatic development. Several molecular species have been identified as important tissue biomarkers of lymphatic development and function. At present, vascular endothelial growth-factor receptor (VEGFR)-3/VEGF-C/VEGF-D signaling has proven useful in the identification of clinical lymphatic metastatic potential and the assessment of cancer prognosis. Similar biomarkers, to be utilized as surrogates for the assessment of inherited and acquired diseases of the lymphatic circulation, are actively sought, and will represent a signal advance in biomedical investigation. 相似文献
19.
BACKGROUND: The prenatal development of human lymphatic systems has not attracted enough attention by lymphatic researchers in the past. Yet clearly these critical, early events determine the fate and function of the human lymphatic system. METHODS AND RESULTS: The main focus of these studies was to investigate the embryonic development of human lymphangions including lymphatic valves and muscle cells, to better understand the prenatal formation of basic structural elements of lymph flow. This review in most of its parts is a short summary of the findings. It provides important information necessary for understanding the development and functioning of the human lymphatic system. CONCLUSIONS: The structural basis of the active lymph transport system--the lymphatic muscle cells and lymphatic valves--which is absolutely necessary for all functions of lymphatic system, is already formed during the first half of the prenatal development in humans. During the second half of this development maturation of this system is already underway. The enlargement of lymphatic muscle cells together with increases in their quantity leads to formation of the multi-layered lymphatic vessel wall, able to develop contractions strong enough to propel lymph downstream of the lymphatic channels against gravity in bipedal humans. The development of the competent valves in lymphatic vessels occurs at the same time creating the ground for effective net, unidirectional lymph flow. The data summarized here represents some of the first systematic studies of the prenatal development of lymphatic muscle cells and valves in humans. 相似文献
20.
Okuda KS Astin JW Misa JP Flores MV Crosier KE Crosier PS 《Development (Cambridge, England)》2012,139(13):2381-2391
We have generated novel transgenic lines that brightly mark the lymphatic system of zebrafish using the lyve1 promoter. Facilitated by these new transgenic lines, we generated a map of zebrafish lymphatic development up to 15 days post-fertilisation and discovered three previously uncharacterised lymphatic vessel networks: the facial lymphatics, the lateral lymphatics and the intestinal lymphatics. We show that a facial lymphatic vessel, termed the lateral facial lymphatic, develops through a novel developmental mechanism, which initially involves vessel growth through a single vascular sprout followed by the recruitment of lymphangioblasts to the vascular tip. Unlike the lymphangioblasts that form the thoracic duct, the lymphangioblasts that contribute to the lateral facial lymphatic vessel originate from a number of different blood vessels. Our work highlights the additional complexity of lymphatic vessel development in the zebrafish that may increase its versatility as a model of lymphangiogenesis. 相似文献