瓣结鱼的年龄和生长的研究

瓣结鱼全年均可形成新轮,新轮出现高峰期为４月。其生长特点是属于均匀生长类型,体长与鳞长呈直线关系,体长和体重指数关系,回归求得Ｂｅｒｔａｌａｎｆｆ个体生长方程参数Ｌ∞,Ｗ∞,Ｋ,Ｔ０分别为７０,４３,５９６１．５０,０．２２３１,０．０２２４,体重生长拐点年龄为４．９５龄,该拐点体重为１７６８．２３ｇ,瓣结鱼第１,２龄生长较为迅速。     

瓣结鱼[Tor brevifilis（Peters）]的性腺发育及周年变化

首次描述了瓣结鱼精巢和卵巢的外部形态和组织学结构,记述了精子和卵子的形成过程,参照鲢,鳙鱼的性腺发育的划分标准,依形态学特征将其性腺的发育分为６个时期据组织学特点将雌雄性细胞的变化各分为６个时相。     

长江干流和汉江的鳡鱼繁殖习性及其胚胎发育

本文报道了1961-1966年、1976-1978年和1981年在长江干流和汉江对鳡鱼的繁殖习性、产卵场的分布、产卵场的环境条件、促使产卵的外界因素和产卵规模等方面的调查研究结果。比较系统地研究了鳡鱼鱼卵、鱼苗的胚胎发育,描述了各个发育阶段的形态特征。与长江中其他产漂流性卵鱼类(特别是青鱼、草鱼、鲢和鳙)的胚胎相比较,鳡鱼具有许多明显的特点。     

绿色太阳鱼的生物学习性

对绿色太阳鱼(Lepomis cyanellus)的食性、生活习性、对环境的适应性、生长和繁殖特性进行了研究。绿色太阳鱼为温和肉食性鱼类。对温度适应性广。体长与体重的相关关系为:W=0.375 3L3.194 9,同龄雄鱼大于雌鱼。135~180日龄性成熟,为多次产卵类型,卵沉性、粘性,绝对怀卵量与体重呈直线正相关:Y=0.551 2 0.252 3X,相对生殖力为260粒/g,胚胎发育阶段所需积温为950℃.h.。     

瓣结鱼含肉率及肌肉脂肪酸、矿质元素的分析

本文测定和分析了瓣结鱼的含肉率及肌肉中脂肪酸和矿质元素组成。结果表明,瓣结鱼平均含肉率为66．91％。瓣结鱼肌肉中共有14种脂肪酸。其中饱和脂肪酸为5种,平均质量分数为39．49％;不饱和脂肪酸有9种,质量分数平均值为58．83％。瓣结鱼肌肉9种矿质元素中,钙等常量元素的平均含量在116．35mg／100g～1313．33mg／100g之间,而铜等微量元素含量的平均值则在0．19mg／100g～5．20mg／100g之间。瓣结鱼肌肉平均钙磷比为1：4．31。相关分析表明,瓣结鱼的含肉率及肌肉中脂肪酸和矿质元素随其生长变化显著。t-检验表明,瓣结龟肌肉中脂肪酸和矿质元素在清水江标本和都柳江标本之间存在着显著性差异。     

栗斑腹鹀的繁殖习性

1999年5～7月,通过野外直接观测的方法,对栗斑腹鹀的繁殖过程进行了调查.结果表明:在103.78 hm2样地内共有45个巢,种群密度为0.81只/hm2.平均窝卵数为5.09枚,孵化期为12 d,孵化率为36.3%,繁殖成功率为27.7%,繁殖生产力为0.49.     

栗斑腹的繁殖习性

1999年 5～ 7月 ,通过野外直接观测的方法 ,对栗斑腹的繁殖过程进行了调查。结果表明 :在1 0 3 78hm2 样地内共有 4 5个巢 ,种群密度为 0 81只 hm2 。平均窝卵数为 5 0 9枚 ,孵化期为 1 2d,孵化率为 36 3% ,繁殖成功率为 2 7 7% ,繁殖生产力为 0 4 9。     

无蹼壁虎的繁殖习性

本文报道了无蹼壁虎（Ｇｅｋｋｅｓｗｉｎｈｏｎｉｓ） 的繁殖习性。雌雄体在外形上存在一定差别。雌雄体性腺具有季节性变化。６—７ 月产卵, 每产２ 枚, 年产卵一次, 卵径１３－４５ （１２－０ —１５－６） ×９－４３ （７－８—１０－７） ｍ ｍ ; 卵产在各种缝隙中。７ 月中旬开始出现当年孵化出的幼体。     

沙繁殖习性的初步观察

沙为内蒙古中部荒漠草原地区的夏候鸟。作者于１９６６─１９８６年在内蒙古苏尼特右旗、达茂旗和土默特右旗对其繁殖习性进行了观察。每年４月中旬迁来，雄先雌后。５月开始筑巢产卵，巢筑废弃鼠洞中，窝卵５枚。经１２─１３天孵化，于６月初孵出雏鸟，在巢期１５─１６天，离巢后在巢区附近觅食和练飞，遇有危险马上钻入附近鼠洞隐蔽，到９月下旬南迁前仍呈家族群活动。     

灰喜鹊繁殖习性的初步观察

2002～2004年在山西历山保护区对灰喜鹊的繁殖习性进行了观察。结果表明,该鸟在我区为留鸟,营巢始于4月下旬,5月中旬产卵,窝卵数4-7枚,孵卵期17-18天,育雏期18～20天。食物以动物性食物为主,占88．96％,植物性食物占11．04％。     

Male Reproductive Strategy and Decreased Longevity

An explanation of the inter-gender difference in longevity consistent with the 'disposable soma' theory of ageing is proposed. It is based on the concept of r-K selection as applied to the inter-gender situation. The concept predicts that the gender with a higher potential reproductive rate (males) should invest relatively less in somatic maintenance, which in its turn should result in a lower longevity according to the 'disposable soma' theory of ageing. In females, which are interpreted as K-selected organisms, the reproductive strategy strongly depends on steady, secure constitution designed for oocyte/embryo bearing and is therefore closely related to somatic maintenance, whereas in (r-selected) males it has a greater behavioural component - risky, variable, with a greater potential reproductive success at the expense of somatic maintenance. The higher metabolic and growth rates, a higher premature mortality and a longer period of sexual competence of males also find explanation as a complex of r-selected traits.     

黑卷尾的繁殖习性观察

1996－1998年的5－8月,对山西沁水县中村镇张马地段黑卷尾的栖息环境,行为习性,季节迁徙,种群密度,繁殖生物学,食物组成等进行了定位观察。     

Activity Pattern of Polecats Mustela putorius L. in Relation to Food Habits and Prey Activity

The activity pattern of polecats Mustela putorius L. was studied by radiotracking five males and four females in the wetlands of western France from Jul. 1988 to Mar. 1992. Polecats were nocturnal throughout the year with no differences between males and females. The diel activity remained moderate (31 %). Seasonal food habits were characterized by the exploitation of anurans in spring, while rodents were preyed upon from summer to winter. Seasonal changes in the activity rhythm of polecats appeared synchronized with the activity of the main prey. It is suggested that the activity patterns exhibited in different periods of the year are a result of changes in feeding tactics.     

中国结鱼性腺发育的组织学观察

采用石蜡组织切片法,对澜沧江特有鱼类中国结鱼的性腺发育进行组织学观察,系统地描述了各期卵巢和精巢的形态结构、特征及变化。中国结鱼的卵巢和精巢的发育均分为6个时期,卵巢中共有5个时相的卵母细胞,精巢中有5种形态的生殖细胞。第2时相末期到第3时相早期卵母细胞的细胞质中出现卵黄核,细胞核中的核仁出现外排现象,核仁的外排物可能与核周的颗粒卵黄的形成有关。中国结鱼的精巢属于小叶型结构。     

中国大鲵的活动节律及繁殖行为描记

采用定时定点观察法,对仿生态条件下养殖的中国大鲵(Andrias davidianus)活动节律及繁殖行为进行了观察。结果表明,大鲵活动具有明显的昼夜节律变化,白天隐藏在洞穴中不活动,每天20:30时部分大鲵开始出洞活动,21:00时至次日凌晨1:00时为活动高峰期,1:00时后部分大鲵开始陆续回到洞穴,3:00时后又全部隐藏在洞穴中;大鲵的夜间活动随季节的变化而发生周期性变化,8～9月出洞活动的大鲵数量达到一年之中的最大值。大鲵尤其是雄鲵在繁殖季节表现出明显多样的繁殖行为:①推沙行为;②求偶行为,包括聚集、露头、巡视、追随、尾阴探究、亲吻、邀请和爬跨8种行为型;③冲凉行为;④护卵行为;⑤婚配行为。     

Experimental Manipulation of Pollen Protoplasts Sperms and Generative Cells

This review deals with the up-to-date advances in manipulation of male sexual cells, i.e. pollen protoplasts, sperms, and generative cells of flowering plants, including the isolation, purification, culture and/or fusion, as well as cell-biological studies of these haploid protoplasts or cells. These experimental approaches show fascinating prospects for both genetic engineering and fundamental researches on plant reproductive cells.     

Study of Phenoloxidase Activity During the Reproductive Cycle in Schizophyllum commune

A study of the temporal relationship between the appearance of phenoloxidase activity and the formation of fruiting bodies in Schizophyllum commune was undertaken. The results indicate that phenoloxidase activity increases in colonies subsequent to the formation of aggregate masses of hyphae, continues to increase until mature, sporulating fruiting structures are produced, and then declines significantly.