THE CYANOBACTERIAL GENUS BRASILONEMA,GEN. NOV., A MOLECULAR AND PHENOTYPIC EVALUATION1

Twelve populations of filamentous, heterocytous scytonematoid cyanobacteria from subaerophytic (mainly epiphytic) habitats in subtropical and tropical Brazil (São Paulo) were studied. The populations form a uniform cluster, which differs from the traditional scytonematoid genera genetically and by several indistinct, but typical morphological characters (fasciculation of filaments, rare false branching). Two strains were isolated in monospecific cultures. Molecular analyses were performed on these strains from natural populations taken from bromeliad leaves and iron water pipes. Because the results from 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated the separate position of this cyanobacterium at the generic level, a new genus, Brasilonema, is proposed with the type species Brasilonema bromeliae. The new genus is described using combined molecular and cytomorphological criteria, in accordance with the nomenclatorial recommendations of both the Bacteriological Code and the Botanical Code of Nomenclature (cf. Oren 2004 ). The ultrastructure of the type species was studied, and vacuole‐like structures in the cells were explained. The genus Brasilonema is commonly distributed, particularly in subaerophytic habitats from southeastern Brazil. The type species (B. bromeliae) has a rather curious ecology, living epiphytically (in phytothelmes) inside the vase‐shaped leaf rosettes of bromeliads.     

BRASILONEMA ANGUSTATUM SP. NOV. (NOSTOCALES), A NEW FILAMENTOUS CYANOBACTERIAL SPECIES FROM THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS1

A new filamentous cyanobacterial species of the genus Brasilonema was isolated from the island of Oahu, Hawaii. The taxon is distinguished from the seven other species in the genus by attenuation of trichomes, and is here described as Brasilonema angustatum sp. nov. It possesses the cytoplasmic kerotimization and reddish‐brown coloration of several species in the genus. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence shows B. angustatum within a highly supported clade containing all sequenced Brasilonema species. We compared the secondary structure of the 16S–23S ITS regions for B. octagenarum and B. angustatum. The structurally conservative D1–D1′ and V3 helices show similar motifs between the two taxa, but differ structurally and in sequence, providing additional justification for erection of the new species. The Box‐B helix has identical secondary structure. The existence of tapering in a Brasilonema species is unique in this genus, and requires modification of the current concept of the genus Brasilonema, which was described as being unattenuated. Our phylogenetic evidence supports the hypothesis that tapering has developed repeatedly in separate cyanobacterial lineages and lacks the taxonomic significance once assumed by early workers.     

三种桉叶油化学成分研究

通过水蒸汽蒸油试验,发现已贮藏半年多的风干桉叶,仍有较高的含油量。云南省弥勒产的直杆桉(Eucalyptus maidenii)得油率为4.14％,蓝桉(E.globulus)为3.5％,福建省惠安产的窿缘桉(E.exserta)为1.2％,桉叶油生产厂也可以通过贮藏的风干桉叶生产桉叶油。通过气相色谱和质谱分析,从直杆桉叶油中鉴定出44个组份,蓝桉叶油中鉴定出35个组份,窿缘桉叶油中鉴定出26个组份。三种桉叶油单萜部分的组份基本一致,只是相对含量各有不同。桉油素含量,以直杆桉最高为68.02％,其次是蓝桉为67.54％,窿缘桉最低为34.33％。直杆桉、蓝桉可以怍材、油两用树种,窿缘桉不宜作油用树种。     

HETEROGENEITY OF THE CYANOBACTERIAL GENUS SYNECHOCYSTIS AND DESCRIPTION OF A NEW GENUS,GEMINOCYSTIS1

The study and revision of the unicellular cyanobacterial genus Synechocystis was based on the type species S. aquatilis Sauv. and strain PCC 6803, a reference strain for this species. Uniformity in rRNA gene sequence, morphology, and ultrastructure was observed in all available Synechocystis strains, with the exception of the strain PCC 6308, which has been considered by some to be a model strain for Synechocystis. This strain differs substantially from the typical Synechocystis cluster according to both molecular (<90% of similarity, differences in 16S–23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer [ITS] secondary structure) and phenotypic criteria (different ultrastructure of cells). This strain is herein classified into the new genus Geminocystis gen. nov., as a sister taxon to the genus Cyanobacterium. Geminocystis differs from Cyanobacterium by genetic position (<94.4% of similarity) and more importantly by its different type of cell division. Because strain PCC 6308 was designated as a reference strain of the Synechocystis cluster 1 in Bergey’s Manual, the members of this genetic cluster have to be revised and reclassified into Geminocystis gen. nov. Only the members of the Synechocystis cluster 2 allied with PCC 6803 correspond both genetically and phenotypically to the type species of the genus Synechocystis (S. aquatilis).     

中国沟额叶蜂属(膜翅目,叶蜂科)二新种暨亚洲种类检索表

记述中国沟额叶蜂属2新种:廖氏沟额叶蜂Corrugia liaoae Wei et Liu,sp.nov.和弯刺沟额叶蜂Corrugia curvatispina Wei et Xiao,sp.nov.。编制了沟额叶蜂属亚洲已知种类分种检索表。新种模式标本保存于中南林业科技大学昆虫模式标本室以及中国农业大学昆虫标本馆。     

滑刃属一新种记述(滑刃目,滑刃科)

2002年从山东省乳山市牛筋草的根际土壤中发现滑刃属1新种,类刷尾滑刃线虫 Aphelenchoides parabrushmucronatus sp.nov,.该虫具有以下特征:雌虫虫体中等;唇区较高,缢缩明显;中食道球卵圆形;生殖系统发育良好,卵母细胞单列,受精囊和后阴子宫囊都含较大的圆形精子;雌虫尾圆柱形,尾端中间具有1试管刷状尾尖突.A.appendurus Singh,1967在形态上与新种相似,区别在于前者有两条侧线,虫体和口针更长,尾巴相对较短(L=720-880μm;stylet=16～17μm;tail=38.4μm).A.seiachicus Nesterov,1973在形态上也与新种相似,区别在于前者虫体更小,口针、尾巴更短(L=370-420μm;stylet=9.5μm;c'=3).     

裂臀姬蜂属(膜翅目,姬蜂科)一新种并附中国已知种检索表

报道中国的裂臀姬蜂属Schizopyga Gravenhorst,1829及采自江西省的该属1新种,全南裂臀姬蜂Schizopyga(Schizopyga) quannanica sp.nov.,记述新种的主要形态特征,指出与近似种的主要区别并附彩色特征图。编制该属我国已知种检索表。     

麂属（Muntiacus）一新种

麂属新种——贡山麂(Muntiacus gongshanensis sp.nov.),根据得自云南西部高黎贡山的标本命名,本新种体型中等。体背与昆背暗褐色。额腺不显。无冠毛。颏腺小。蹄大。其染色体2n=9♂,8♀。     

中国宽颊叶蜂属一新种(膜翅目,叶蜂科)

记述采自四川的叶蜂科宽颊叶蜂属 Adungia Malaise 1新种:短柄宽颊叶蜂 Adungia brevipetiolata sp.nov..简要描述了宽颊叶蜂属的特征,编制了宽颊叶蜂属分种检索表.新种模式标本保存于中南林业科技大学昆虫标本馆.     

光唇鱼属鱼类一新种

本文记述采自湖南吉首的鲤科鱼类１新种,命名为吉首光唇鱼Ａｃｒｏｓｏｃｈｅｉｌｕｓｊｉｓｈｏｕｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。新种有以下与同属其他种类相区别的特点：下唇两侧瓣间隙小,几相接触;背鳍末根不分支鳍条柔软不加粗,后缘光滑;背鳍及臀鳍鳍条间膜有黑色条纹;体侧具不规则的大块黑斑或具模糊不清的垂直或纵行条纹等。新种与半刺光唇鱼Ａ．ｈｅｍｉｓｐｉｎｕｓｈｅｍｉｓｐｉｎｕｓ和带半刺光唇鱼Ａ．ｈｅｍｉｓｐｉｎｕｓｃｉｎｃｔｕｓ较为相似。     

中国地种蝇属一新种记述（双翅目;花蝇科）

黄足地种蝇,新种Ｄｅｌｉａｆｌａｖｉｐｅｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．（图１～４）雄体长约６５ｍｍ。本种与黄基地种蝇Ｄｅｌｉａｂｒａｃａｔａ（Ｒｏｎｄａｎｉ,１８６６）近似。但新种的足几乎全黄;前股后腹鬃列完整而强大;中胫有１前背鬃,后胫前背鬃６;腹部第５背板端部２／３橙色;侧尾叶端部１／３膨大。而后者的跗节全黑;前股后腹鬃至多３个;中胫无前背鬃,后胫前背鬃３;第５背板无橙色后缘;侧尾叶端部细,不膨大雌不详。正模♂,内蒙古阿拉善左旗牧仁高勒,海拔１４００ｍ。１９８６年６月３日,田兆丰采,副模１♂,同正模。模式标本保存于内蒙古自治区卫生防疫站     

肪刺螨属一新种记述及中国已知种检索(中气门目,巨刺螨科)

记述采自海南的小黄蝠Scotophilus temmincki(Horsfield,1824)体表的寄生革螨1新种:吊罗肪刺螨Steatonyssus diaoluoensis sp.nov,.文中给出了中国肪刺螨亚属Steatonyssus 已知种检索表.研究标本保存于贵州大学昆虫研究所标本馆.     

中国宽膜伪叶甲属三新种记述及中国种类检索表(鞘翅目:伪叶甲科)(英文)

描述了宽膜伪叶甲属ArthromacraKirby3个新种;红背宽膜伪叶甲A．rubidorsalis、刻胸宽膜伪叶甲A．entypodera和西藏宽膜伪叶甲A．tibetana;对丽宽膜伪叶甲Adecora进行了重新描述;编制了中国已知的10个种的分种检索表;绘制了14幅原始图。     

THREE NEW SPECIES AND KEY TO SPECIES OF THE GENUS ARTHRO-MACRA KIRBY FROM CHINA (COLEOPTERA: LAGRIIDAE)

Abstract Three new species of the genus Arthromacra Kirby from China, A. rubidorsalis, A. enty-podera and A. tibetana are described. The species A. decora is described. A key to Chinese species of the genus is given. With 14 original pictures.     

新疆婆婆纳属一种

发表新疆婆婆纳属一新种     

A NEW SPECIES OF THE DIATOM GENUS EUNOTIA1

A new species of the diatom genus Eunotia is described. The species, E. catillifera Morrow, is distinguished by the presence of fin-like plates, or transapical ridges, which alternate with the striae on the valve faces. This alga appears to be intermediate between the more typical Eunotia species and Semiorbis Patr. This observation suggests that Semiorbis hemicyclus (Ehr.) Patr. in Patrick and Reimer be returned to Eunotia hemicyclus Ralfs in Pritchard and that the use of the generic name Semiorbis be discontinued.     

中国近管蛛属一新种（蜘蛛目：近管蛛科）

本文记述1989年6月在四川和湖北采得的近管蛛科一新种,定名为秀山近管蛛Anyp-haena xiushanensis。     

山东半岛近岸水域铃苔虫属一新种（苔藓动物门：唇口目：马孔苔虫科）

双型铃苔虫,新种Ｃｏｄｏｎｅｌｌｉｎａ ｂｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．群体双型,被覆－直立。单层群体个虫细狭;口下鸟头体小;颚骨圆三角形、半椭圆形。双层群体个虫较宽;口下鸟头体大,颚骨均呈匙形,其末端部分均膨胀。新种双层群体个虫的口下鸟头体颚骨形态和卵胞表面孔饰与口盖铃苔虫Ｃｏｄｏｎｅｌｌｉｎａ ｏｐｅｒｃｕｌａｔａＭａｗａｔａｒｉ,１９５６有些相似,但新种在群体生长方式以及在室口形态、口盖表面     

中国扁胸切叶蚁属一新种及红蚁属一新纪录种(膜翅目,蚁科)

报道了采自湖北西部地区的扁胸切叶蚁属1新种和红蚁属中国1新纪录种,即亮颚扁胸切叶蚁Vollenhovialucimandibula sp.nov.和乌尔班红蚁Myrmica urbanii Radchenko et Elmes.新种与埃氏扁胸切叶蚁V.emeryi Wheeler相似,但新种身体黑褐色,第2结节背面具密集粗糙刻点,上颚光亮无刻点.模式标本保存于湖北民族学院昆虫标本室.     

中国三节叶蜂属(膜翅目,三节叶蜂科)一新种及Arge xanthogaster种团东亚种类检索表(英文)

记述采自记述中国三节叶蜂科三节叶蜂属1新种:白尾晴腹三节叶蜂Arge albocaudalica Wei,Yan et He.sp.nov..本种与Arge xanthogaster (Cameron,1876)很相似,但腹部黑褐色,端部2节背板和锯鞘黄白色;后翅臀窒柄短于后翅M室长,锯鞘背面观内侧切口很小,深度明显短于锯鞘侧叶端部宽;锯腹片14刃,第2节缝最长粗刺毛约等长于锯节宽度的3/4,节缝粗毛每节约9个,第8节缝最长粗刺毛等宽于该处锯节宽.定义了Arge xanthogaster种团,编制了该种团东亚地区已知种类检索表.