UV-B辐射对拟南芥细胞周期G1/S期转变的影响

以同步化的拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)根尖细胞为材料, 研究了UV-B辐射对拟南芥细胞周期G1/S期转变的影响。细胞周期荧光显微图像分析表明, UV-B辐射延缓了拟南芥根尖细胞G1/S期的转变。基因表达的RT-PCR检测表明, 在UV-B辐射下G1/S期转变的标志基因Histone H4和E2Fa的表达受抑制, 而G1/S期转变的抑制因子KRP2基因表达则受诱导上调。单细胞凝胶电泳检测结果表明, UV-B辐射引起拟南芥根尖细胞内积累大量的环丁烷嘧啶二聚体。以上结果表明, UV-B辐射抑制植物的生长可能受细胞周期和DNA损伤调控。     

UV-B辐射对拟南芥细胞周期G1/S期转变的影响

以同步化的拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）根尖细胞为材料,研究了UV-B辐射对拟南芥细胞周期G1／S期转变的影响。细胞周期荧光显微图像分析表明,UV-B辐射延缓了拟南芥根尖细胞G1／S期的转变。基因表达的RT-PCR检测表明,在UV-B辐射下G1／S期转变的标志基因HistoneH4和E2Fa的表达受抑制,而G1／S期转变的抑制因子KRP2基因表达则受诱导上调。单细胞凝胶电泳检测结果表明,UV-B辐射引起拟南芥根尖细胞内积累大量的环丁烷嘧啶二聚体。以上结果表明,UV-B辐射抑制植物的生长可能受细胞周期和DNA损伤调控。     

TBP-like Protein（TLP）通过G2／M期阻滞抑制HeLa细胞的增殖

TBP—likeprotein（TLP）是真核细胞中一种常见的转录因子,在调节生长发育方面起着重要的作用。该实验构建重组质粒pEGFP—N1．TLP,研究TLP对人宫颈癌细胞HeLa增殖的影响。利用流式细胞仪检测质粒的转染效率,通过激光共聚焦显微镜观察外源TLP蛋白的亚细胞定位。经过MTT检测、RNAi—TLP诱导的基因沉默7LHoechst33258染色研究TLP对HeLa细胞的增殖抑制作用。流式细胞术、Westernblot和RT-PCR实验结果表明,TLP将HeLa细胞周期阻滞于G2／M期,并抑制周期相关基因CDKl和CyclinBl的转录和翻译。研究表明,外源TLP在HeLa细胞的细胞核中表达,通过降低细胞周期相关基因CDKl和CDKl的表达水平,将HeLa细胞的细胞周期阻滞于G2／M期,从而抑制细胞的增殖。     

LTF基因在鼻咽癌细胞系中生物学功能的初步研究

目的:初步探讨野生型LTF基因在鼻咽癌细胞系中的生物学功能。方法:野生型LTF导入鼻咽癌细胞系,G418筛选,RT-PCR和Western-blotting分别在mRNA和蛋白质水平进行验证,得到稳定表达LTF基因的鼻咽癌细胞系。流式细胞术、平板克隆形成实验和MTT法分别检测细胞周期、细胞的克隆形成能力和细胞生长曲线。结果:成功导入LTF并稳定表达的鼻咽癌细胞系,G0-G1期细胞百分比例明显增加(72.01%vs 62.31%),G2-M期细胞百分比例减少(6.26%vs 10.81%);克隆形成能力降低(39.5%vs 59.7%),体外瘤细胞增殖能力降低(P0.05)。结论:LTF基因可阻滞细胞周期、抑制鼻咽癌细胞系的增殖能力和克隆形成率,同时为进一步的体内试验研究奠定基础。     

辐射诱导转录子RIGb cDNA对HeLa细胞增殖的抑制作用

核酸序列同源性分析和RT -PCR确定辐射诱导转录子RIGb是染色质重构基因CHD6表达的一个剪接转录子.Northern杂交结果表明,0 . 5Gyγ射线诱导RIGbmRNA表达增加,但4Gy大剂量照射对其表达无明显的影响.正常成人组织Northern杂交结果显示,RIGb基因在心脏、肝脏和睾丸中有高表达.细胞生长曲线分析结果表明,转染和稳定表达RIGb的人宫颈癌细胞(HeLa)的增殖生长受到明显抑制,细胞周期分析发现G1/S期阻滞.     

γ—干扰素对人大肠癌细胞系的生长抑制作用和对细胞周期的影响

用人基因重组γ干扰素与三株人大肠癌细胞系LoVo、HR 8348、和HCI培养后,细胞呈现抑制性生长,细胞在细胞周期中的分布也同时发生改变,表现为G0/G1期细胞比例减少,S期细胞比例增高。细胞生长的抑制和细胞周期的改变随γ干扰素剂量增大(10—10~5U/ml)及作用时间延长(24—96小时)而增强。细胞在S期的堆积是细胞生长抑制的原因之一。     

TBP-like Protein(TLP)通过G_2/M期阻滞抑制HeLa细胞的增殖

TBP-like protein(TLP)是真核细胞中一种常见的转录因子,在调节生长发育方面起着重要的作用。该实验构建重组质粒pEGFP-N1-TLP,研究TLP对人宫颈癌细胞HeLa增殖的影响。利用流式细胞仪检测质粒的转染效率,通过激光共聚焦显微镜观察外源TLP蛋白的亚细胞定位。经过MTT检测、RNAi-TLP诱导的基因沉默及Hoechst33258染色研究TLP对HeLa细胞的增殖抑制作用。流式细胞术、Western blot和RT-PCR实验结果表明,TLP将HeLa细胞周期阻滞于G2/M期,并抑制周期相关基因CDK1和CyclinB1的转录和翻译。研究表明,外源TLP在HeLa细胞的细胞核中表达,通过降低细胞周期相关基因CDK1和CDK1的表达水平,将HeLa细胞的细胞周期阻滞于G2/M期,从而抑制细胞的增殖。     

5-烯丙基-7-二氟亚甲基白杨素对体外培养人宫颈癌细胞生长抑制作用的研究

目的:研究5-烯丙基-7-二氟亚甲基白杨素(ADFMChR)体外抗宫颈癌作用.方法:台盼蓝染色细胞计数法测定ADFMChR对体外培养人宫颈癌细胞HeLa细胞和正常人脐静脉内皮HUVEC细胞增殖的影响;软琼脂克隆形成法及平血克隆形成法测定ADFMChR对体外培养HeLa细胞的非锚定依赖性及锚定依赖性生长作用;PI染色流式细胞术(FCM)分析ADFMChP,对HeLa细胞周期的影响.结果:ADFMChR抑制体外培养人宫颈癌HeLa细胞增殖和生长,呈剂量和时闻依赖性.其效价强度高于先导化合物白杨素(ChR),而对正常人脐静脉内皮HUVEC细胞的毒性小;ADFMChR呈剂量依赖性抑制细胞集落形成;不同浓度的ADFMChR作用于HeLa细胞后,使细胞周期阻滞于G1期.结论:ADFMChR具有抑制宫颈癌HeLa细胞生长的作用.     

FAS/ActD通过线粒体途径引起细胞阻滞诱导人宫颈癌HeLa细胞凋亡

为了探讨FAS抗体与放线菌素D(actinomycin D,ActD)联合作用诱导人宫颈癌HeLa细胞凋亡的分子机制,通过MTT法检测细胞活力,利用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡和细胞周期,从而研究FAS/ActD抑制细胞增殖的作用. 结果表明,FAS/ActD能明显降低HeLa细胞的活力,并且通过G1/G0期阻滞和S期阻滞诱导HeLa细胞凋亡. 此外,Western印迹分析进一步显示,FAS/ActD还能引起Bcl-2蛋白表达降低, Bax蛋白表达增加,Bid蛋白发生断裂激活,导致细胞质中Cyto-c释放的增加,并激活在细胞凋亡的执行过程中起着关键作用的caspase 9和caspase 3. 以上结果提示,FAS抗体与ActD的联合作用可能经线粒体途径引起细胞周期阻滞,从而诱导HeLa细胞凋亡. 该研究为宫颈癌的免疫治疗提供了新的思路.     

稳定干扰核糖体蛋白RPS7基因表达的宫颈癌HeLa细胞株的建立

目的建立稳定抑制RPS7基因表达的宫颈癌HeLa细胞株。方法设计并合成靶向人RPS7基因的shRNA寡核苷酸片段,克隆到逆转录病毒载体pSIREN中,构建重组质粒pSIREN-RPS7-shRNA,转染293T细胞,将包装产生的重组逆转录病毒感染宫颈癌HeLa细胞,经嘌呤霉素筛选获得稳定的细胞克隆,用real-timePCR和Western印迹检测细胞中RPS7mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果获得了经测序鉴定正确的重组逆转录病毒质粒,逆转录病毒感染HeLa细胞后用嘌呤霉素筛选出的稳定细胞中,RPS7mRNA和蛋白水平均显著低于干扰对照细胞。结论成功构建了靶向人RPS7基因的shRNA逆转录病毒载体,建立了稳定抑制RPS7基因表达的宫颈癌HeLa细胞株．为进一步研究RPS7在宫颈癌中的生物学功能和作用机制提供了可靠的细胞模型。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism