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1.
LU Cheng LI Bin ZHAO Aichun & XIANG Zhonghuai The Key Sericulture Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture of China College of Sericulture & Biotechnology Southwest Agricultural University Chongqing China 《中国科学:生命科学英文版》2004,47(5):477-484
The construction of linkage map is both a funda-mental research area and an important aspect of gene analyses in genetics. It provides the guidelines for breeding. A sound linkage map is also necessary for further genetic analysis. In recent years, great and rapid progress has been made in molecular biology, which enables fingerprinting of organisms at the ge-nomic level. Many molecular marker techniques have been well established. Heartening progress has been made in many organisms in the co… 相似文献
2.
家蚕茧质性状的QTL定位研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用QTLMapper 2.0 QTL作图软件,对F2群体的家蚕全茧量、茧层量、茧层率和蛹体重等性状进行了QTL定位分析,分别检测出7个、6个、2个、8个有显著效应分量的QTLs,分布于7个、5个、2个、7个不同的连锁群。控制全茧量、茧层量的QTLs一般存在复杂的上位性效应。对全茧量性状,有3对QTLs存在显著的加加上位性效应,其中1对还存在加显、显显互作;共有3个QTLs存在显著的显性效应,1个存在显著的加性效应。对茧层量QTLs,发现1对QTLs存在极显著的各项遗传效应,包括上位性效应;1对QTLs被检测到显著的显显互作,1个QTL具有显著的显性效应,并与另一个QTL存在显著的加加互作。茧层率、蛹体重主要受加性或显性的QTLs作用,没有发现茧层率QTLs的上位性效应,蛹体重的有效QTL大都呈现显著的负向显性效应,只有一对QTLs存在显著的加加上位性效应。第2、3、4、11、13、24、34、37、40连锁群是两个或多个性状QTLs分布的共同连锁群。全茧量和茧层量存在共同的QTL或染色体区域,育种上可通过适当选配,利用基因的互作效应,同步改良这两个性状。 相似文献
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Donghong Niu Yunchao Du Ze Wang Shumei Xie Haideng Nguyen Zhiguo Dong Heding Shen Jiale Li 《Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)》2017,19(5):488-496
The razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta) is an important aquaculture species, for which a high-density genetic linkage map would play an important role in marker-assisted selection (MAS). In this study, we constructed a high-density genetic map and detected quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for Sinonovacula constricta with an F1 cross population by using the specific locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) method. A total of 315,553 SLAF markers out of 467.71 Mreads were developed. The final linkage map was composed of 7516 SLAFs (156.60-fold in the parents and 20.80-fold in each F1 population on average). The total distance of the linkage map was 2383.85 cM, covering 19 linkage groups with an average inter-marker distance of 0.32 cM. The proportion of gaps less than 5.0 cM was on average 96.90%. A total of 16 suggestive QTLs for five growth-related traits (five QTLs for shell height, six QTLs for shell length, three QTLs for shell width, one QTL for total body weight, and one QTL for soft body weight) were identified. These QTLs were distributed on five linkage groups, and the regions showed overlapping on LG9 and LG13. In conclusion, the high-density genetic map and QTLs for S. constricta provide a valuable genetic resource and a basis for MAS. 相似文献
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家蚕对马尾松毛虫质型多角体病毒的敏感性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用虫体克隆技术,对马尾松毛虫质型多角体病毒湖南株(DpCPV-HN)进行了分离纯化,鉴定为质型多角体病毒1型。以家蚕春蕾×镇珠杂种F1代及自交的F2代4或5日龄幼虫进行毒力测定,以纯化的家蚕质型多角体病毒对F1代幼虫的毒力测定为对照。结果表明:家蚕品种春蕾×镇珠对家蚕质型多角体病毒敏感,马尾松毛虫质型多角体病毒湖南株能引起其感染发病;马尾松毛虫质型多角体病毒湖南株感染家蚕品种春蕾×镇珠F1代幼虫和F2代幼虫28天后的半致死剂量(LD50)分别为885个和18个CPB(质多角体),前者为后者的49倍。马尾松毛虫质型多角体病毒湖南株感染后的家蚕,其结茧率、化蛹率、羽化率、全茧量、茧层量和单蛾产卵数均有所下降,全茧量、茧层量、茧层率和单蛾产卵数与病毒感染剂量之间无显著关联。 相似文献
7.
以大豆组合科丰1号×南农1138-2衍生的重组自交系(RIL)群体为材料构建遗传连锁图谱, 利用软件 Cartographer V.2.5 采用复合区间作图法检测定位大豆抗虫QTL。以斜纹夜蛾幼虫重为抗性指标, 检测到 1 个与抗虫性有关的 QTL, 位于G20-O连锁群上, 其端距离为31.91 cM, 加性效应估计值为0.0408, 对性状变异的解释率为 11.74%; 以蛹重为抗性指标, 检测到 2 个与抗虫性有关的 QTL, 分别位于G8-D1b+W和G17-L连锁群上, 其端距离分别为 14.71 cM和0.01 cM, 加性效应估计值分别为-0.0139和0.0103, 对性状变异的解释率分别为 11.30%和6.36%。 相似文献
8.
Five Iranian native silkworm groups: Baghdad, Khorasan Orange, Guilan Orange, Khorasan Pink, Khorasan Lemon, and 107 and 110 commercial lines (12 families from each breed) were randomly selected and reared during 2003-2005 (five generations in spring and autumn). In each family, 30 male and 30 female cocoons were individually recorded for weight, shell weight and shell ratio. From among the native groups, the highest average in all three traits belonged to Baghdad and Khorasan Pink, and the lowest to Khorasan Orange and Khorasan Lemon. From among the commercial lines, the highest average in all three traits belonged to 107. In comparing heritability for cocoon weight in native groups, the highest heritability belonged to Guilan Orange (0.5147) and Khorasan Orange (0.5036) and the lowest heritability belonged to Khorasan Pink (0.0967). In the two other traits, the highest heritability belonged to Khorasan Orange and Baghdad and the lowest to Khorasan Pink. In the commercial lines, line110 had higher heritability than line107 for cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight. In all the groups, genetic correlations between cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight were high, expect for the Baghdad group. There was medium or low genetic correlation among cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight and cocoon shell ratio. 相似文献
9.
家蚕茧质性状的性别效应预测 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
研究采用混合线性模型,对家蚕全茧量、茧层量、茧层率和蛹体重等性状的性别效应进行理论估算:全茧量、茧层量、茧层率和蛹体重等4性状的性别随机效应的方差的概率和性别随机效应的预测值概率都达到极显著水平,证明全茧量、茧层量、茧层率和蛹体重等四性状的性别效应极显著,这完全符合实际情况。全茧量、茧层量、茧层率和蛹体重等4性状的性别效应预测值雌(雄)分别为0.248g(-0.247g)、2.423cg(-2.394)cg、-1.976%(1.992%)和0.224g(-0.223g)。性别效应调整后各性状均呈单峰正态分布,符合QTL分析对数量性状连续正态分布的要求。 相似文献
10.
随着全球气候变暖,部分地区茶园害虫扁刺蛾Thosea sinensis再次爆发,为有效提高对其野外识别和预测预报的水平,开展了不同发育阶段虫体的形态特征及其生物学特性初步观察。结果表明,扁刺蛾卵扁平、椭圆形,卵长2.41 mm、卵宽1.77 mm,卵壳有网状线纹结构。幼虫具3对胸足、无腹足,移动时腹部呈波浪状蠕动,老熟幼虫体重542.35 mg、体长21.76 mm、体宽13.30 mm。老熟幼虫结茧后于茧内化蛹,雌虫茧长、宽均显著大于雄虫茧。蛹期体色由乳黄色渐变为黄白色、褐色至灰黑色,复眼由乳黄色渐变为红色至黑色,雌蛹体重〖JP2〗446.95 mg,显著高于雄蛹363.32 mg。成虫体灰褐色,前翅近2/3处有一褐色横带,雌成虫体长15.23 mm显著大于雄成虫13.55 mm。扁刺蛾在江西地区1年发生2~3代,第3代发生率仅为1.37%,该虫野外被寄生率为4.66%。 相似文献
11.
Shadparvar AA Ghanipoor M Mirhosseini SZ Etebari K 《Journal of economic entomology》2005,98(5):1717-1722
Using a deterministic model of profit equation compatible to cocoon production system in Iran, equations for estimating economic values of cocoon weight, shell weight, shell percentage, fecundity, fertility, and hatchability of three commercial varieties of silkworm Bombyx mori (L.) were derived. Economic values of these traits as well as their relative economic importance (REI) compared with cocoon weight were estimated. Estimates of economic value of a given trait differed among the varieties. Cocoon weight, shell weight, and shell percentage had the highest economic value in variety 107. The highest economic value for fecundity, fertility, and hatchability was estimated in variety 110. Shell weight and shell percentage were the most important production traits, and fecundity was the most important reproduction trait. The REI values of shell weight and shell percentage were higher than that of cocoon weight. The sensitivity of estimated economic values to principal factors of production system was studied by altering cocoon weight, shell percentage, fecundity, variable costs, and cocoon price by +/- 10%. The traits varied in the rate of sensitivity of their economic values to changes in production factors. Economic values of cocoon weight, fecundity, fertility, and hatchability had the most sensitivity to the changes in shell percentage. The most important factor affecting economic values of shell weight and shell percentage was the grade 1 cocoon price. Economic value equations provided in this study can help silkworm breeders to concentrate on the most important factors in predicting the future. Furthermore, when these factors change, silkworm breeders will be able to determine to what extent breeding goals have to change. 相似文献
12.
应用重组自交系群体定位大豆根重QTL 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
应用构建的NJRIKY(科丰1号×1138-2)大豆重组自交家系群体,对大豆根重QTL进行8次重复的随机区组分析;以该群体所构成的遗传连锁图谱为基础,采用复合区间作图法(Cartographer V.1.21)检测到3个与根重有关的QTL位于连锁群N3-B1和N6-C2上。其中rw1在N3-B1的端距离是66.31cM,位于A520T~ACCCA-GO5区间,rw2和rw3分别在N6-C2的端距离是169.91cM和179.71cM,并与OPW13和ACGCATO6重叠。LOD值分别是10.34、4.01和3.15,可以解释26.3%、9.2%和6.8%的遗传变异。加性效应估计值分别为-0.514、-0.303和-0.260。 相似文献
13.
Yun‐Po Zhao Mu‐Wang Li An‐Ying Xu Cheng‐Xiang Hou Ming‐Hui Li Qiu‐Hong Guo Yong‐Ping Huang Xi‐Jie Guo 《Insect Science》2008,15(5):399-404
The yellow color of the cocoon of the silkworm Bombyx mori is controlled by three genes, Y (Yellow haemolymph), I (Yellow inhibitor) and C (Outer‐layer yellow cocoon), which are located on linkage groups 2, 9 and 12, respectively. Taking advantage of a lack of crossing over in females, reciprocal backcrossed F1 (BC1) progeny were used for linkage analysis and mapping of the C gene using silkworm strains C108 and KY, which spin white and yellow cocoons, respectively. DNA was extracted from individual pupae and analyzed for simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The C gene was found to be linked to seven SSR markers. All the yellow cocoon individuals from a female heterozygous backcross (BC1 F) showed a heterozygous profile for SSR markers on linkage group 12, whereas individuals with light yellow cocoons showed the homozygous profile of the strain C108. Using a reciprocal heterozygous male backcross (BC1 M), we constructed a linkage map of 36.4 cM with the C gene located at the distal end, and the closest SSR marker at a distance of 13.9 cM. 相似文献
14.
We incorporated 69 microsatellite loci into an existing data set of 132 markers to test for quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting spawning date and body weight in a backcross between two outbred strains of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Twenty-six linkage groups were identified and synteny of duplicated microsatellite markers was used to confirm 13 homeologous chromosome pairs. Gene-centromere data were used to localize the centromeres for 13 linkage groups whose orientations were previously unknown. We applied a combination of interval mapping and single marker analysis to the segregating maternal and paternal alleles at 201 microsatellite loci. Four spawning date QTLs with suggestive evidence for an additional two QTLs were detected in female trout spawning at 3 and 4 years of age. Similarly we detected three QTLs for body weight in females at 2 years of age plus four suggestive QTLs for this trait. We found marginal evidence that three pairs of ancestral homeologues contained detectable QTLs for the same trait. In one of the three pairs of homeologues, the duplicated QTL regions mapped to the same relative chromosomal location, while the exact localization of the QTL position in one of the other pairs was difficult to infer since it was based on data from a male-derived map. The existing data were unable to refute a hypothesis that duplicated functional genes will be maintained within the telomeric regions of salmonids due to preferential male-mediated crossing over in this region. Two of the four spawning date QTLs were detected on linkage groups with unknown homeologous relationships. QTLs with possible pleiotropic effects on both spawning date and body size were localized to two linkage groups. 相似文献
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Norihiro Kato Gina Hyne Marie-Therese Bihoreau Dominique Gauguier G. Mark Lathrop John P. Rapp 《Mammalian genome》1999,10(3):259-265
The Dahl salt-sensitive rat is one of the principal animal models of hereditary hypertension. Genome-wide searches were undertaken
to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that influence blood pressure, cardiac mass, and body weight in four F2 populations derived from Dahl salt-sensitive rats and different inbred normotensive control strains of rat. We detected three
QTLs associated with one or more of the phenotypes, using a stringent statistical criterion for linkage (p < 0.00003). These included a novel QTL linked to blood pressure on rat Chromosome (Chr) 12, and another QTL on rat Chr 3
linked to body weight. A QTL on rat Chr 10 for which linkage to blood pressure has been described in other crosses was found
to be a principal determinant of blood pressure and cardiac mass in some but not all of the crosses examined here. Three other
regions showed evidence of linkage to these phenotypes with a less stringent statistical criterion of linkage at QTLs previously
reported in other studies. As part of our study, microsatellite markers have been developed for three candidate genes for
investigation in hypertension, and the genes have been localized by linkage mapping. These are: the rat Gs alpha subunit (Gnas) gene, the alpha-1B adrenergic receptor (Adra1b), and the Na+, K+-ATPase beta2 subunit (Atp1b2) gene.
Received: 29 June 1998 / Accepted: 30 October 1998 相似文献
16.
Junlin Song Qi Li Yong Yu Sai Wan Lichen Han Shaojun Du 《Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)》2018,20(5):666-675
Golden shell color and mineral content are important economic traits of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). In this study, we mapped a series of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control zinc (Zn) and magnesium (Mg) content, shell color and growth performance to two sex-averaged linkage maps from the FAM-A and FAM-B families. In total, ten QTLs were identified in seven linkage groups (LGs) in the FAM-B family, and seven QTLs were identified in four linkage groups in the FAM-A family. Two QTLs affecting the trait of golden shell color were identified in LG8 of the FAM-A and LG10 of the FAM-B families, which could explain 20.2 and 10.5% of the phenotypic variations, respectively. Two QTLs for Zn content were identified that could contribute to 17.9 and 34.44% of the phenotypic variations in FAM-A. Six QTLs for Zn and Mg contents were identified in four LGs (LG1, LG2, LG5, and LG9) in FAM-B, which explained 13.5–26.7% of the phenotypic variations. In addition, seven QTLs related to oyster growth were recognized in both FAM-A and FAM-B families accounting for 14.6–36.7% of the phenotypic variations. All of the DNA markers in QTL regions were blasted and 14 genes associated with above traits were identified. The mRNA expression of these genes was determined by quantitative RT-PCR. These QTLs and candidate genes could be used as potential targets for marker-assisted selection in C. gigas breeding. 相似文献
17.
The objective of this study was to dissect the genetic control of days to flowering (DTF) and photoperiod sensitivity (PS)
into the various components including the main-effect quantitative trait loci (QTLs), epistatic QTLs and QTL-by-environment
interactions (QEs). Doubled haploid (DH) lines were produced from an F1 between two spring Brassica napus cultivars Hyola 401 and Q2. DTF of the DH lines and parents were investigated in two locations, one location with a short
and the other with a long photoperiod regime over two years. PS was calculated by the delay in DTF under long day as compared
to that under short day. A genetic linkage map was constructed that comprised 248 marker loci including SSR, SRAP, and AFLP
markers. Further QTL analysis resolved the genetic components of flowering time and PS into the main-effect QTLs, epistatic
QTLs, and QEs. A total of 7 main-effect QTLs and 11 digenic interactions involving 21 loci located on 13 out of the 19 linkage
groups were detected for the two traits. Three main-effect QTLs and four pairs of epistatic QTLs were involved in QEs conferring
DTF. One QTL on linkage group (LG) 18 was revealed to simultaneously affect DTF and PS and explain for the highest percentage
of the phenotypic variation. The implications of the results for B. napus breeding have been discussed.
The text was submitted by the authors in English. 相似文献
18.
R. Wu H. D. Bradshaw Jr. R. F. Stettler 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(7):1110-1119
Nursery growth and dry weight were analyzed for F2 genotypes derived from Populus trichocarpa×P. deltoides that have been field tested with clonal replicates in three different environments. The correlations between nursery and
plantation performance differed among the environments, with higher values at Boardman and Clatskanie (both planted with rooted
cuttings) than Puyallup (planted with unrooted cuttings). At Puyallup, nursery height was more strongly associated with plantation
growth than were nursery diameter and dry weight. Yet, this finding was not supported by QTL mapping. A single overdominant
QTL on linkage group G affected the stem height of both seedlings and resprouts in the nursery but showed nonsignificant LOD
scores for plantation height from ages 1 to 5 at Puyallup. A total of four QTLs were identified for nursery diameter, one
of which on linkage group O also controlled plantation basal area at all ages. Two important nursery QTLs on linkage groups
B and G were used to estimate the relative efficiency of marker-assisted selection for plantation productivity. Despite the
fact that they were not detected in the plantation stage, these two QTLs could significantly increase the proportion of the
phenotypic variance explained by plantation QTLs.
Received: 5 February 1998 / Accepted: 1 April 1998 相似文献
19.
Gulam Nabi MALIK Syed Zia Ul Haque RUFAIE Tejender Paul SINGH Mohammed Farooq BAQUAL Habib Ullah DAR 《昆虫学报》2005,48(6):982-985
采用完全随机设计法根据10头老熟幼虫体重、全茧重、茧层量、茧层率(%)、存活率、万蚕茧层量和茧丝长等指标,对两对二化性家蚕Bombyx mori L. 杂交品系(SH6×NB4D2和CSR2×CSR4)杂交一代的22个子代个体进行了遗传参数估算,以缩小优质蚕品种的候选范围,并且计算出直接筛选的参数,如遗传力和遗传进度等,使这些信息可用于以筛选高产新品种为目的的育种和选择过程中。杂交子代2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 14, 16, 19和20号个体在这几个指标中表现出显著的优越性。全茧重、万蚕茧层量和茧丝长的遗传力和遗传进度较大,可以简单地从表现型的差异对这些性状进行选择并取得遗传性状改良。其他几个指标(10头老熟幼虫体重、茧层量、茧层率(%)和存活率)的遗传力和遗传进度较低,对这些性状进行直接选择来改良品种的效果较差。 相似文献
20.
Increased concentrations of important nutrients in edible parts of plants could result in biofortified foods. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a major legume crop and an important source of certain nutrients, including protein and minerals, in human and animal diets. Understanding the underlying genetic basis of seed composition is crucial to improving seed nutrient composition. In this study we used three soybean recombinant inbred line mapping populations derived from the crosses Williams 82 × DSR-173, Williams 82 × NKS19-90 and Williams 82 × Vinton 81, and constructed a joint linkage map from these populations. Forty quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected for 18 traits: seed weight, seed magnesium, sulfur, calcium, manganese, potassium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, selenium, molybdenum, cadmium and arsenic concentrations, total nitrogen:total sulfur (N:S) ratio, cysteine and methionine concentrations. Using the joint linkage map, we detected nine QTLs that were not identified in the individual populations. We identified several candidate genes that might contribute to these traits, including transporters and genes involved in nitrogen and amino acid metabolism. Some strong QTLs had no obvious candidate genes, offering the possibility that subsequent confirmation of these QTLs may result in identification of new genes affecting seed nutrients in soybean. Seed weight and seed mineral concentrations were not highly correlated, suggesting the possibility of improving seed mineral concentrations without significant changes in seed weight. An inverse relationship between N:S ratio and most other minerals suggests the possibility of using N:S ratio as an indirect measure of seed mineral concentration in soybean breeding programs. 相似文献