记陕北子长晚三叠世一新的古鳕类

记述了陕北子长晚三叠世古鳕科（Ｐａｌａｅｏｎｉｓｃｉｄａｅ）一新属新种──子长瓦窑堡鳕（Ｗａｙａｏｂｕｌｅｐｉｓ ｚｉｃｈａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｇｅｎ． ｅｔ ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ．）。其一般形态特征如身体长纺锤形、背鳍基长,后部对着腹鳍和臀鳍之间的空隙、鳍条粗壮、饰缘棘鳞细小、悬挂骨倾斜、鳃盖骨很高大、鳞片小及横列鳞数目多等,与澳大利亚中至晚三叠世的Ｍｙｒｉｏｌｏｐｉｓ很相似,但新属具有吻较尖、背鳍鳍条数目较少、鳞片具有众多的斜嵴、后缘成梳齿状以及具有背嵴鳞等显著特征区别于Ｍｙｒｉｏｌｏｐｉｓ。瓦窑堡鳕在体形、鳍的位置、鳃盖骨高大及鳞片的纹饰等方面也与欧洲中至晚三叠世的 Ｇｙｒｏｌｅｐｉｓ相似,但新属以背鳍基较长、臀鳍基较短、背峪鳞发达及鳍条粗壮等特征区别于Ｇｙｒｏｌｅｐｉｓ。根据瓦窑堡鳕的性质和化石层位的情况,将合鱼化石地层的时代定为晚三叠世。     

RHAETIAN (LATE TRIASSIC) MONOTIS (BIVALVIA: PECTINOIDA) FROM THE EASTERN NORTHERN CALCAREOUS ALPS (AUSTRIA) AND THE END-NORIAN CRISIS IN PELAGIC FAUNAS

Abstract:  Species of marine bivalves of the pectinoid genus Monotis provide useful biochronologic indices for the Late Triassic (middle Norian–earliest Rhaetian). We report the succession of Monotis at Hernstein in Lower Austria where typical late Norian Monotis salinaria (Schlotheim) are overlain by strata with apparently the youngest Monotis known of demonstrable Rhaetian age: Monotis hoernesi Kittl and Monotis rhaetica sp. nov., a species closely related to M. rudis Gemmellaro. A Rhaetian (Sevatian 2) age is confirmed by the co-occurrence of Monotis with the platform conodont Misikella posthernsteini and close association with the ammonoid Paracochloceras . A review of late Norian monotid species indicates that a profound extinction event occurred in the pelagic realm at or close to the Norian/Rhaetian boundary where c. 15 monotids ( Monotis s.l . and Maorimonotis ) became extinct. The surviving Monotis are dwarfed when compared to their Norian predecessors and may represent an ecological/phylogenetic response to the crisis.     

长江源区晚三叠世伟齿蛤科(双壳类)一新属--Quemocuomegalodon

记述青海唐古拉山北坡雀莫错附近晚三叠世甲丕拉组灰岩中的一类铰齿构造特殊的伟齿蛤类化石,建立新属Quemocuomegalodon gen．nov．及Q．orientus gen．et sp．nov．和Q．longitatus gen．et sp．nov.2新种,并简述伟齿蛤类的生活习性。     

肯尼亚早三叠世叶肢介—新属—Kenyaestheria

报道的叶肢介新属（Kenyaestheria gen．nov．）采自肯尼亚Maji ya Chumvi地区的一钻孔,属下三叠统上马几牙楚姆维组（Upper Majiya Chumvi Formation）,其特征为壳瓣后背缘最后几条生长线靠近背缘处形成一个凹缘构造,但生长线在背缘并不反转弯曲,同时具有放射线纹饰,据此将其归于凹缘叶肢介科（Ulugkemiidae）。该科是一个灭绝的类群,分布于中泥盆统至上三叠统,古生代的类型都发现于欧亚大陆,晚三叠世的Triasulugkemia见于阿根廷,新属首见于早三叠世,也是在南大陆出现的第二例凹缘叶肢介类。孢粉Lunatisporites pellucidus和叶肢介Aquilonoglypta—Cornia—Palaeolimnadia—Falsisca组合指示含化石的地层时代为早三叠世早期。     

肯尼亚早三叠世叶肢介一新属-Kenyaestheria

报道的叶肢介新属(Kenyaestheriagen.nov.)采自肯尼亚MajiyaChumvi地区的一钻孔,属下三叠统上马几牙楚姆维组(UpperMajiyaChumviFormation),其特征为壳瓣后背缘最后几条生长线靠近背缘处形成一个凹缘构造,但生长线在背缘并不反转弯曲,同时具有放射线纹饰,据此将其归于凹缘叶肢介科(Ulugkemiidae)。该科是一个灭绝的类群,分布于中泥盆统至上三叠统,古生代的类型都发现于欧亚大陆,晚三叠世的Triasulugkemia见于阿根廷,新属首见于早三叠世,也是在南大陆出现的第二例凹缘叶肢介类。孢粉Lunatisporitespellucidus和叶肢介AquilonoglyptaCorniaPalaeolimnadiaFalsisca组合指示含化石的地层时代为早三叠世早期。     

贵州兴义发现最原始弓鳍鱼

记述在贵州兴义著名的贵州龙化石层（上三叠统卡尼介）中发现的最原始弓鳍鱼而建立了一新属新种－优美贵州弓鳍鱼（Guizhouamia bellula gen.et sp.nov.)。     

A BASAL MIXOSAURID ICHTHYOSAUR FROM THE MIDDLE TRIASSIC OF CHINA

Abstract:  New specimens of a mixosaurid ichthyosaur are described from the People's Republic of China. They consist of an almost complete skull, forefin and shoulder girdle of a single individual, and a second partial skull from the Anisian Guanling Formation of Guizhou Province that belongs to the same taxon. A phylogenetic analysis shows this species to be the sister-taxon of all other mixosaurids. It is distinguished from Mixosaurus , Contecotpalatus and Phalarodon by features of its dentition and cranial morphology. There is only one maxillary tooth row. The posterior maxillary teeth are blunt and rounded, and much wider than the premaxillary teeth, but they are not strongly elongated anteroposteriorly. The teeth are subthecodontously implanted. The postorbital skull segment is long. The jugal-quadratojugal notch is deep and these two elements remain separated externally. The postorbital separates supratemporal and postfrontal. There are no postaxial ossifications of the forefin. Autapomorphies include a long ventral process of the postorbital lamina of the postorbital as well as characteristic morphologies of the coracoid and humerus. The material is therefore clearly distinguished from other known mixosaurids. It can be referred, on the basis of the features of the humerus and coracoid, to Mixosaurus maotaiensis Young, 1965. As it is generically distinct from Mixosaurus , a new generic name, Barracudasaurus gen. nov. is proposed. The phylogenetic relevance of the external separation of jugal and quadratojugal in some Triassic ichthyosaurs is discussed and it is concluded that it does not demonstrate the initial presence of a lower temporal fenestra in ichthyosaurs. The new material suggests that mixosaurids could have also originated in the Eastern rather than the Western Tethys, as previously assumed.     

中国陆相上三叠统第一个初龙形类动物(英文)

初步研究了山西省永和县桑壁镇铜川组二段产出的两件初龙形类化石标本 (IVPPV1 2 3 78,V 1 2 3 79) ,在此基础上建立了一新属新种———桑壁永和鳄 (Yonghesuchussangbiensisgen .etsp .nov .)。它以下列共存的衍生特征区别于其他初龙形类 (archosauriforms) :1 )吻部前端尖削 ;2 )眶前窝前部具一凹陷 ;3 )眶前窝与外鼻孔间宽 ;4)眶后骨下降突的后 2 / 3宽且深凹 ;5 )基蝶骨腹面有两个凹陷 ;6 )齿骨后背突相当长 ;7)关节骨的反关节区有明显的背脊 ,有穿孔的翼状的内侧突 ,以及指向前内侧向和背向的十分显著的后内侧突。由于缺乏跗骨的形态信息 ,目前很难通过支序分析建立永和鳄的系统发育关系。但可以通过头骨形态来推测永和鳄在初龙形类中的系统位置。永和鳄有翼骨齿 ,这表明它不属于狭义的初龙类 (archosaurians)。其通过内颈动脉脑支的孔位于基蝶骨的前侧面而不是腹面 ,在这点上永和鳄比原鳄龙科 (Proterochampsidae)更进步 ,这表明与后者相比永和鳄和狭义的初龙类的关系可能更近。在中国早期的初龙形类中 ,达坂吐鲁番鳄 (Turfanosuchusdabanensis)与桑壁永和鳄最接近 ,但前者由于内颈动脉脑支的孔腹位而比后者更为原始。根据以上头骨特征以及枢后椎椎体之间间椎体的存在与否 ,推测派克鳄 (Euparkeri     

西藏申扎县木纠错地区晚三叠世海参骨片化石的发现及其地质意义

本文描述的海参骨片化石采自西藏申扎县木纠错西的多布日一带,主要有Theelia planorbicula Mostler,Theelia uariabilis alouakensis Kzour et Mock等晚三叠世诺利期标准分子。充分显示了海参骨片化石的重要的生物地层意义。该动物群的发现首次确定了西藏自治区北部冈底斯一腾冲地层区永珠蛇绿岩带以南晚三叠世海相地层的存在,并为中特提斯海的演化历史,古地理轮廓的确定,以及青藏高原的形成演变历史提供了新的资料。     

贵州关岭晚三叠世一大型鱼龙类头骨

记述了产自贵州关岭上三叠统杯椎鱼龙属一新种——亚洲杯椎鱼龙(Cymbospondylusasiaticus sp. nov)。标本为两件几乎完整的头骨,产于法朗组瓦窑段的泥质灰岩中,这是目前已知惟一的晚三叠世(Cymbospondylus属的标本,也是该属时代最晚的一个种。亚洲杯椎鱼龙头部最明显的特征是下颌牙齿仅分布于齿骨的前半部分。此外,新种的吻部极长,超过头骨全长之半,上颌骨非常发达,并且具有已知鱼龙类中最小的眼眶。亚洲杯椎鱼龙是这一大型鱼龙类在北美和欧洲以外地区的首次记录。     

A NEW RAUISUCHIAN (ARCHOSAURIA, SUCHIA) FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC OF THE ARGANA BASIN, MOROCCO

Abstract:  In the 1970s the Upper Triassic strata of the Argana Basin yielded archosaurian remains that were tentatively attributed to the rauisuchian Ticinosuchus . Restudy of this material together with new remains reveal new anatomical data and show that it in fact belongs to a new taxon, Arganasuchus dutuiti gen. et sp. nov. The systematics of the Rauisuchia are still unresolved; nevertheless, a monophyletic suprageneric group can be defined within the probable non-monophyletic rauisuchians. Arganasuchus dutuiti differs from all adequately known rauisuchians in three autapomorphies: acetabular rim on pubis runs anteroventrally parallel to pubic shift rather than being terminal and perpendicular to it; large contribution of pubis to acetabular depression; palatal process of maxillary low and confluent with interdental crest, rather than separated from it by a large area. The maxilla of Arganasuchus resembles those of Batrachotomus and Fasolasuchus in having a Y-shaped rather than a U-shaped form. As in rauisuchids, Arganasuchus dutuiti has short cervical vertebrae and a dorsal border of the proximal extremity of the pubis that is convex in lateral view. It shares one derived character state with Batrachotomus and Postosuchus (a tear-shaped and anteriorly orientated rugosity on the lateral side of the pubis, lying on a deep, longitudinal depression) and one more derived character state with Batrachotomus (narrow ante-acetabular part of the pubis; hence, the anterior border of the proximal extremity of the pubis is almost contiguous with the actabular rim).     

新疆晚三叠世哈萨克虫化石新材料

记述的哈萨克虫首次发现于吐鲁番盆地大河沿西北１５ｋｍ处的艾丁湖煤矿，其中包括一新种，与其共生的有延长植物群，时代为晚三叠世，层位与黄山街组相当。由于在所含哈萨克虫的该组中多处发现油气显示及沥青脉，可做为今后找油气及地层划分与对比的标志层。     

福建大田崆峒山晚二叠世和早三叠世介形类

报道福建大田崆峒山晚二叠世大隆组、长兴组及早三叠世溪口组介形类35属67种,其中描述8属9种(包括5新种)。产自长兴组的介形类化石被划分为3个组合,自下而上分别是：Polylites magnituberos-Or-thobairdia meishanensis-Pustulobairdia mailinensis组合,Baitrdia urodelofot-OS-orthobairdia exilimarginata-Bairdia subcontracta组合和Petasobairdia bicornuta-Neoamphissites costatus-Kegelites datianensis组合。大田崆峒山介形类动物群在二叠-三叠系界线上下具有明显的突变性质,这与世界其它地区一样,是遭受二叠纪末期的生物大灭绝事件重创所致。根据介形类化石组合特征,并参考共生或共存化石的内容,福建大田地区长兴组大致相当于浙江煤山长兴组的中、上部,长兴灰岩下伏的海相碎屑岩应划归长兴阶。大隆组、长兴组及溪口组的岩性和化石组合特征．显示古环境从滨海沼泽开始,经历浅海盆地→浅水碳酸盐台地→浅海近岸环境的演化过程。     

贵州兴义晚三叠世贵州龙层新发现的鱼类

描述贵州兴义地区贵州龙层中新发现的鱼类4新属、4新种和一件新材料,它们是小鳞贵州鳕(新属、新种)Guizhouniscus microlepidus Liu gen．et sp．nov．,小短体鱼(新属、新种)Brachysomus minor Liu gen．et sp．nov．,秀丽兴义鱼(新属、新种)Xingyia gracilis Liu gen．et sp．nov．,臀鳞贵州真颌鱼(新属、新种)Guizhouella analilepidn Liu gen．et sp.nov,和优美贵州弓鳍鱼Guizhouamia bellula Liu et a1．,2002的一件新材料。新的发现和研究表明这是一个颇具特色的晚三叠世早期鱼群。文章还简要讨论各新属新种的系统分类位置和该鱼群在整个鱼类进化中的地位,着重论述贵州弓鳍鱼Guizhouamia的进化意义及弓鳍鱼科的系统发育问题。根据鱼群的特征贵州龙层的地质时代为晚三叠世。     

A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF SPHENODONTIAN FROM THE GHOST RANCH COELOPHYSIS QUARRY (UPPER TRIASSIC: APACHEAN), ROCK POINT FORMATION, NEW MEXICO, USA

Abstract: We document here a new taxon of sphenodontian, Whitakersaurus bermani gen. et sp. nov., that is also the most complete sphenodontian fossil from the Upper Triassic Chinle Group in the south‐western USA and the first Chinle sphenodontian represented by more than a single fragmentary dentulous element. The holotype was recovered during preparation of block C‐8‐82 from the famous Coelophysis (Whitaker) quarry at Ghost Ranch, New Mexico, and is the most complete small vertebrate recovered from the quarry. Detailed lithostratigraphy and geologic mapping demonstrate that the Whitaker quarry is in the Rock Point Formation of the Chinle Group, so Whitakersaurus is the first sphenodontian reported from this unit. Records of the phytosaur Redondasaurus at the quarry and elsewhere in the Chinle Group demonstrate that the quarry, and thus Whitakersaurus, is of Apachean (late Norian–Rhaetian) age. The sphenodontian specimen consists of incomplete left and right dentaries, a partial left? maxilla?, and impressions of a probable palatal element, all of which preserve multiple teeth. Whitakersaurus is distinct from other sphenodontians in possessing a unique combination of the following features: marginal dentition pleurodont anteriorly and posteriorly acrodont; pronounced heterodonty in dentary, with as many as 15 smaller, peg‐like teeth anteriorly and several larger, posterior teeth that are conical and striated; faint radial ornamentation of posterior tooth crowns; presence of c. 19 dentary teeth; and absence of a distinct flange on posterior teeth. Numerous other details distinguish it from both more primitive and more derived taxa. Whitakersaurus, therefore, helps to document further mosaic evolution and an extensive diversification event of sphenodontians during Triassic time. Although sphenodontian taxa are relatively easily recognized, widely distributed, and common small‐ or microvertebrate fossils, the long stratigraphic ranges of taxa known from multiple specimens hinders their utility as index fossils with which to correlate strata across Pangaea.     

A NEW BASAL BALAENOPTERID WHALE FROM THE PLIOCENE OF NORTHERN ITALY

Abstract:  A new basal balaenopterid genus and species, Archaebalaenoptera castriarquati , is described and compared with all the living and fossil members of the family Balaenopteridae and related fossil rorqual-like taxa. It was found in the Lower Pliocene of northern Italy, and is characterized by a supraoccipital with a transversely compressed anterior process, the zygomatic process of the squamosal diverging from the longitudinal axis of the skull, very long nasal bones, and subtle exposition of the parietal on the dorsal wall of the skull. It is primitive in having a maxilla with a long ascending process that is posteriorly unexpanded and round, and a dentary that is straight and not bowed outward, unlike that of living Balaenopteridae. In particular, the discovery of this new genus suggests that, among the early members of Balaenopteridae, the acquisition of the typical sutural pattern shown by maxilla, frontal, parietal and supraoccipital preceded the acquisition of the feeding-related traits that are characteristic of the family. The primitive morphology of the feeding-related structures of A. castriarquati (i.e. the straight dentary and the flat glenoid fossa of the squamosal) suggests that this whale was unable to undertake the intermittent ram feeding typical of Balaenopteridae as efficiently as living members of the family.     

浙江长兴早三叠世裂齿鱼类一新属

报道发现于浙江长兴全球二叠-三叠系界线层型剖面下三叠统殷坑组下部的一类裂齿鱼化石--长兴副裂齿鱼(新属、新种)Paraperleidus changxingensis gen.etsp.nov.,其左、右鼻骨在中间相接,独特的前鳃盖骨形状、位置以及宽长的膜质翼耳骨等特征,可区别于其他属。     

ON A NEW PTEROSAUR (ZHEJIANGOPTERUS LINHAIENSIS GEN. ET SP. NOV.) FROM UPPER CRETACEOUS IN LINHAI, ZHEJIANG, CHINA

Largepterosaurwithamaximumwingspanofmorethan5metres.Theskullislowerandlonger,withoutmiddlecrestorsupraoccipita1crest.ThenasaIandpre-orbita1fenestraareconfluentcompletely,andoccupyaboutha1foftheskulI1ength.Thetoothlessbeakisslenderandpointed.The1ongneckiscomposedbyse-venslendercervicalvertebrae.Thenotariumconsistsofsixco-ossifiedanteriordorsalvertebrae-ThetaiIisextremlyshort.lthassixpairsof"A"shapegastralia.Theanteriorlimbsarestrong;thehumerusarethickandshort;thewing-metacarpalbonearelongert…     

A NEW PADDLEFISH FROM THE UPPER JURASSIC OF NORTHEAST CHINA

orderAdpenseriformesBerg,l94oFaedyPolyodontidaeBonaparte,l838Genu8Protopsephuru8gen.nov.TyPespede8P.liuigen.etsp.nov.Protopsephuru8liuigen.etsp.nov.(Fig.1Ipl.1)HolotypeAnearlycompletefishanditscounterpart,lackingpartofitscau-dalfin.GMV2032-la,b.Horizonandl0ealityUpperJurassicYixianF0rmation,S0ngzhangzivillage,LingyuanCounty,LiaoningProvince.Diagn0chPadd1efishofmiddlesizewithtotallengthreachinglm0rmore.Rostralpartisaboutl/40fthefishlengthwithmanyr0stralsandrareste1latebones.Derm0sphe…