防治蛇伤药物矮冷水花制剂的研究

寻麻科植物矮冷水花系我区挖掘的防治蛇伤民间草药.取其干全草制成酒剂和散剂。适合于多种毒蛇咬伤的治疗.经试验研究,制定了酒剂和散剂的制备工艺高质量标准。矮冷水花制剂疗效确切,副作用小,工艺简便,是个适合于广大农村推广应用的防治蛇伤草药制剂。     

永州"端午药市"植物资源

永州民间流传端午节采集的药材最有药效,因而形成了本地独特的“端午药市”.通过对永州市“端午药市”进行调查研究,分析了35种野生植物,研究其用途,这些植物有些是中药,有些是有待发掘的民间草药,这是一种具有开发利用价值的资源.     

中国蛇协人物录

朱珍菊,女,1942年12月生,江西广丰县人,1962年毕业于江西上饶卫校医士专业,历任江西上饶地区医院、余江县医院医士、医师、主治医师,现任鹰潭市人民医院小儿科主治医师,对专业技术刻苦钻研,精亦求精,她不仅是能运用中医、西医和中西医结合多种方法处理儿科常见病和疑难症,而且擅长民间的土方草药的应用。她常用民间收集的“捏脊”、“挑治”、“割治”等土方土法和民间的单方、验方、草药治疗小儿疳积、哮喘、麻疹夏季热,惊风等症,花钱少,疗效高,深受患者和患者家长的欢迎,在当地享有很高威望.她参与编著的《中草药图谱与验方》一书(第二作者)由江西科技出版社于1992年10月出     

常见青草药资料库的建立

我国地大物博,自然界有许多可以治病的青草药。我校所处闽西山区,民间传统就有用青草药治病的习惯。如：用鲜“鱼腥草”（蕺菜）治痢疾,“风草子”（爵床）治伤风感冒,用“苦斋”（白花败酱）制凉茶等等。本人通过对生物课及自然选修课教学经验的总结,结合“园丁科技...     

甘肃紫草科药用植物资源

通过野外实地考察与植物分类学研究,整理出甘肃紫草科药用植物11属20种1变种,并对其种类、分布、药用价值及资源利用状况作了简要综述,为甘肃紫草科民间草药和特有植物的研究提供了新的资料.     

中医药治疗疱疹病毒引发的炎性皮肤病

疱疹病毒引起的炎性皮肤病 ,如带状疱疹常在发疹前或出疹时 ,出现患者难以忍受的痛疼 ,常呈阵发性加剧 ,且在皮损消退后仍可持续数月。生殖器疱疹久治不愈给患者带来难言之隐。我们在进行民间药用资源调查时 ,发现民间利用鲜草药治疗疱疹性疾病具有特色。我院自 1998年 5月～ 2     

中国神农架民间草药的特点与代表种类

简要介绍了神农架民间草药的特点及其代表种类,并对其中四种名称均带有"一"字、三十六种冠以"还阳"二字以及七十二种名称中以"七"字结尾组成的几类最具特色的中草药的来源和疗效进行了阐述。     

臭牡丹化学成分的研究

自广西民间草药臭牡丹(Clerodendron bungei Steud.)的茎、叶水煎液中分出七个结晶成分。经理化常数和光谱测定,鉴定为乳酸镁、琥珀酸硝酸钾、茴香酸、香草酸、麦芽醇。还有一个微量成分晶Ⅶ正在鉴定之中。     

竹叶马兜铃化学成分的研究

<正> 竹叶马兜铃Aristolochia bambusifolia.C.F Liang sp.nov.是最近在广西隆林首次发现的马兜铃科马兜铃属植物新种。该属植物大部分为药用或民间有名草药。文献曾报导广西马兜铃属植物有12种,但无此种,民间亦未使用。其化学成分尚未研究过,因此我们对其块根化学成分进行系统研究是很有意义的。     

景天三七

景天三七刘文亮（南京中医学院２１００２９）［异名］费菜《救荒本草》,土三七《植物史实图考》,八仙草《南京民间药草》．血山草《山西中药志》,马三七、白三七、胡淑七、晒不干《湖南药物志》．吐血草（苏医《中草药手册》）,见血散、活血丹《浙江民间常用草药》,...     

Residues and contaminants in medicinal herbs—A review

With the increasing popularity and use of medicinal herbs, their global demand has gained momentum. Developing countries, including China, India and South East Asian (SEA) countries, are the centres of origin and major global suppliers for most of these traditionally used medicinal herbs. One of the factors affecting the quality of these herbs is the contamination of heavy metals, mycotoxins, pesticide residues, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and fumigants. These contaminants can accumulate during the cultivation, storage and processing of herbs and may have adverse effects on consumer health. There have been various reports regarding the presence of these contaminants in medicinal herbs. This review discusses the important contaminants of medicinal herbs, the frequency and magnitude of their occurrences, the potential causes of contamination and their regulatory limits in medicinal herbs. The major challenge in the international trade of medicinal herbs is the lack of common guidelines, regulatory measures and monitoring body to strictly enforce their regulation.     

Correlation between the different therapeutic properties of Chinese medicinal herbs and delayed luminescence

In the practice and principle of Chinese medicine, herbal materials are classified according to their therapeutic properties. ‘Cold’ and ‘heat’ are the most important classes of Chinese medicinal herbs according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In this work, delayed luminescence (DL) was measured for different samples of Chinese medicinal herbs using a sensitive photon multiplier detection system. A comparison of DL parameters, including mean intensity and statistic entropy, was undertaken to discriminate between the ‘cold’ and ‘heat’ properties of Chinese medicinal herbs. The results suggest that there are significant differences in mean intensity and statistic entropy and using this method combined with statistical analysis may provide novel parameters for the characterization of Chinese medicinal herbs in relation to their energetic properties. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中药防龋的研究进展

由于西药不良反应及耐药性的出现,近年来,具有“天然药”特性的中药成为研究热点,本文从防龋中药的地理分布、生产加工工艺、防龋机制、药效对比研究和复方研究等方面就中药在口腔防龋中的应用做一综述。     

Assessment of toxigenic fungi on Argentinean medicinal herbs

This work was performed to determine the incidence of toxigenic fungi and their mycotoxins on 152 dried medicinal and aromatic herbs, belonging to 56 species, which are used as raw material for drugs. International methodologies for fungal enumeration and identification were applied as well as TLC and HPLC techniques for toxins detection. The 52% out of 152 samples were contaminated with species from Aspergillus genus, 27% belonging to the Flavi section and 25% to the Circumdati section. The 16% of the total samples was contaminated with species from Fusarium genus. Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus (Flavi section), were the predominant species isolated, 50% out of 40 isolates were toxigenic. Aflatoxin concentrations ranged from 10 to 2000 ng/g. Only 26% of isolates from the Circumdati section (A. alliaceus, A. ochraceus and A. sclerotiorum) produced ochratoxin A in low concentrations between 0.12 and 9 ng/g. From a total of 29 strains of Fusarium spp., 27.5% were Fusarium verticillioides and F. proliferatum, which produced fumonisin Bland fumonisin B2 ranged from 20 to 22000 microg/g and from 5 to 3000 microg/g respectively. The remaining species, F. equiseti, F. oxysporum, F. semitectum, F. compactum, F. sombucinum and F. solani were able to produce neither group A and B trichothecenes nor zearalenone. The incidence of A. ochraceus and Fusarium spp. and their toxigenic capacities on medicinal herbs were studied for the first time in Argentina. It would be important to look for natural contamination to define acceptability Limits which allow the control of sanitary quality of medicinal herbs used as phytotherapic medicines in several countries.     

Use and trading of wild edible herbs in the central lowveld savanna region, South Africa

The use, processing, trading, cultivation and nurturing of wild edible herbs was recorded across a rainfall gradient in the Mpumalanga lowveld. Nine villages, in three transects across the prevailing west-east rainfall gradient, were sampled by means of 20 households per village. All households made use of wild edible herbs to some extent, with households in the wettest region using the greatest diversity. The duration of availability of selected species was increased through drying, storing and processing for later consumption. Such activities were more common in the drier regions relative to the wetter villages. Approximately 38% of the respondents cultivated or nurtured wild edible herbs within their homestead or arable fields, whereas more than 77% grew exotic commercial vegetables. One quarter of respondents traded in edible herbs, largely in the winter months. Very few obtained a significant income in this way, but even casual trading provided vital supplementary income for low-income households.     

八珍制剂对~(60)Co辐射小鼠微生态失调的促恢复作用

目的　观察中药八珍制剂对60 Co辐射小鼠微生态失调的调整作用。方法　60 Co辐射昆明种小鼠制成微生态失调模型 ,用中药八珍制剂对其进行调整 ,检测肠道膜菌群与腔菌群中双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌、肠杆菌、肠球菌及肝脏细菌易位数量 ,血浆内毒素水平 ,小肠黏膜中二胺氧化酶的活性和丙二醛的含量等指标 ,观测中药对辐射性微生态失调的调整作用。结果 :中药八珍制剂具有调整小鼠肠道菌群失调 ,降低肠道菌易位和血浆内毒素水平 ,减少丙二醛含量 ,升高肠黏膜中二胺氧化酶的活性。中药治疗组各项指标与自然恢复组相比 ,差异均有显著性(P <0 .0 0 1或P <0 .0 1或P <0 .0 5 )。结论　八珍制剂对60 Co辐射小鼠微生态失调有促恢复作用     

中国外来陆生草本植物: 多样性和生态学特性

构建包含基本生物学和生态学信息的外来物种数据库不仅对理解生物入侵分布格局至关重要, 同时也是制定外来种管理策略和解释生物入侵过程的重要一步。作者在前人研究的基础上构建了中国外来陆生草本植物数据库, 共收集到中国外来陆生草本植物800种, 分属37目72科; 其中约有60%集中在菊科、豆科、仙人掌科、禾本科、十字花科等10个优势科。中国外来陆生草本植物主要来源于美洲(407种, 占总数的47%), 主要分布在南亚热带—热带区(46%, 密度为4种/10⁴km²), 其次为温带湿润区(26%, 密度约2种/10⁴km²)和亚热带区(23%, 密度约2种/10⁴km²), 旱—寒区(5%, 密度小于1种/10⁴km²)分布较少。从生活型上看, 以多年生 (293种, 40%)和一年生 (272种, 37%)为主; 而从生境类型来看, 约有一半(46%)分布于“高养分高干扰”类型的生境。约有80%的物种属有意引入, 因此有意引入是陆生外来草本植物进入中国的主要途径。近2个世纪来, 外来陆生草本植物进入中国的速度快速增加, 约90%的物种在这个时期进入; 而近半个世纪以来, 外来陆生草本植物进入中国的速度快速增长, 约60%的物种在这个时期进入中国。本文所提供的中国外来陆生草本植物的生物学和生态学特征, 可以为管理层制定外来种相关管理和控制策略提供参考信息。     

Effects of de-icing salt on roadside grasses and herbs

Summary The harmful effect of de-icing salt on roadside herbs and grasses depends on the sensitivity of the plant species. Seedlings are more sensitive to salt than adult plants. At a low temperature (5°C) the plants were not affected by high salt concentrations. In winter with short frost periods (1–3 weeks) the harmful effect of de-icing salt on grasses and herbs will therefore be hampered by the low physiological activity of the plants.     

酶法辅助强化中药提取过程研究进展

利用酶法强化中药提取已成为中药开发的重要手段,酶法提取因其反应特异性强、高效、条件温和、易于控制等优点而具有广阔的应用前景。介绍了应用于中药材提取过程中的酶法辅助技术,归纳了酶法在中药材重要活性成分提取、中药提取液的澄清纯化中的应用,分析了酶法辅助提取对中药活性组成的影响,提出了酶法与超声技术的结合应用方法。     

Timing and intensity of herbivory: Its influence on the performance of clonal woodland herbs

Herbaceous woodland species account for a significant amount of the biodiversity of temperate deciduous forests. A wide diversity of life-history strategies is known for woodland herbs, and several systems have been used to categorize the range of life-history characteristics. Clonal growth, one common feature of many woodland herbaceous species, provides several benefits including the ability to respond to disturbances by sharing resources among ramets. There is evidence that resource sharing is common among ramets of some species of woodland herbs but not others. Herbivory is a common form of disturbance among woodland herbs, but little is known about effects of the timing and intensity of herbivory. In this paper, we use an existing system of classification of life-history traits of clonal species to make predictions about how woodland herbs would respond to the timing and intensity of defoliation. Examples from a preliminary study in Maryland, USA, are used to demonstrate that the timing and intensity of herbivory can play an important role in determining patterns of future growth and resource allocation.