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1.
Rahman A Azad MA Hossain I Qusar MM Bari W Begum F Huq SM Hasnat A 《Biological trace element research》2009,127(2):102-108
The purpose of the study was to determine the concentration of trace elements present in scalp hair sample of schizophrenic
patients and to find out the relationship between trace elements level and nutritional status or socioeconomic factors. The
study was conducted among 30 schizophrenic male patients and 30 healthy male volunteers. Patients were recruited from Bangabandhu
Sheikh Mujib Medical University by random sampling. Hair trace element concentrations were determined by flame atomic absorption
spectroscopy and analyzed by independent t test, Pearson’s correlation analysis, regression analysis, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Mn, Zn, Ca, Cu, and Cd concentrations
of schizophrenic patients were 3.8 ± 2.31 μg/gm, 171.6 ± 59.04 μg/gm, 396.23 ± 157.83 μg/gm, 15.40 ± 5.68 μg/gm, and 1.14 ± 0.89 μg/gm
of hair sample, while those of control subjects were 4.4 ± 2.32 μg/gm, 199.16 ± 27.85 μg/gm, 620.9 ± 181.55 μg/gm, 12.23 ± 4.56 μg/gm,
and 0.47 ± 0.32 μg/gm of hair sample, respectively. The hair concentration of Zn and Ca decreased significantly (p = 0.024; p = 0.000, respectively) and the concentration of Cu and Cd increased significantly (p = 0.021; p = 0.000, respectively) in schizophrenic patients while the concentration of Mn (p = 0.321) remain unchanged. Socioeconomic data reveals that most of the patients were poor, middle-aged and divorced. Mean
body mass indices (BMIs) of the control group (22.26 ± 1.91 kg/m2) and the patient group (20.42 ± 3.16 kg/m2) were within the normal range (18.5−25.0 kg/m2). Pearson’s correlation analysis suggested that only Ca concentration of patients had a significant positive correlation
with the BMI (r = 0.597; p = 0.000) which was further justified from the regression analysis (R
2 = 44%; t = 3.59; p = 0.002) and one-way ANOVA test (F = 3.62; p = 0.015). A significant decrease in the hair concentration of Zn and Ca as well as a significant increase in the hair concentration
of Cu and Cd in schizophrenic patients than that of its control group was observed which may provide prognostic tool for the
diagnosis and treatment of this disease. However, further work with larger population is suggested to examine the exact correlation
between trace element level and the degree of disorder. 相似文献
2.
Cigang Yu Haidong Xu Guodong Huang Ting Chen Guiyou Liu Nan Chai Yin Ji Siyuan Wang Yijun Dai Sheng Yuan 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2010,86(3):863-870
The main product of the conversion of puerarin by unpermeabilized cells of bacterium Microbacterium oxydans CGMCC 1788 was puerarin-7-O-glucoside (241 ± 31.9 μM). Permeabilization with 40% ethanol could not increase conversion yield, whereas it resulted in
change of main product; a previous trace product became a main product (213 ± 48.0 μM) which was identified as a novel puerarin-7-O-fructoside by electrospray ionization time-of-flight MS, 13C NMR, 1H NMR, and GC-MS analysis of sugar composition, and puerarin-7-O-glucoside became a trace product (14.8 ± 5.4 μM). However, the extract from cells of M. oxydans CGMCC 1788 permeabilized with ethanol converted puerarin to form 113.9 ± 27.7 μM puerarin-7-O-glucoside and 187.8 ± 29.5 μM puerarin-7-O-fructoside under the same conditions. When unpermeabilized intact cells were recovered and used repeatedly for the conversion
of puerarin, with increase of reuse times, the yield of puerarin-7-O-glucoside gradually decreased, whereas the yield of puerarin-7-O-fructoside increased gradually in the conversion mixture. The main product of the conversion of puerarin by the tenth recycled
unpremerbilized cells was puerarin-7-O-fructoside (288.4 ± 24.0 μM). Therefore, the change of permeability of cell membrane of bacterium M. oxydans CGMCC 1788 contributed to the change of conversion of the product’s composition. 相似文献
3.
A. V. Dovgan’ O. V. Vlasenko A. V. Maznychenko A. I. Pilyavskii V. A. Maiskii 《Neurophysiology》2011,43(3):244-247
We studied manifestations of increased neuronal activity in the limbic structures of the rat brain related to realizations
of operant reflexes by the animals. After rats had performed repeated operant foodprocuring movements, the mean numbers of
Fos-immunoreactive neurons within sections of the central and basolateral amygdalar nuclei, insular cortex, substantia innominata, and paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus significantly exceeded the control values. In the ipsilateral (with respect to
the working forelimb) central nucleus of the amygdala, the mean number of such neurons within a 40-μm-thick slice was nearly
an order of magnitude greater than in the control (42.2 ± 2.4 and 4.5 ± 0.4 labeled units, respectively). In the agranular
insular and granular/disgranular cortical zones at the contralateral site, the numbers of labeled neurons exceeded control
values by about three times (94.6 ± 8.2 vs 31.6 ± 2.2 and 103.5 ± 4.5 vs 39.6 ± ± 2.4 immunopositive cells, respectively). These findings confirm the hypothesis on the direct involvement of the
subcortical structures and limbic cortex zones in the control of somato-cardiovascular integration during the performance
of operant reflexes by the animals. 相似文献
4.
Alma R. López-Laredo Fanny D. Ramírez-Flores Gabriela Sepúlveda-Jiménez Gabriela Trejo-Tapia 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2009,45(5):550-558
Tecoma stans is a tropical plant from the Americas. Antioxidant activity and both phenolic compound and flavonoid total content were determined
for callus tissue of T. stans cultured in either a set photoperiod or in darkness. Callus lines from three explant types (hypocotyls, stem, and leaf) were
established on B5 culture medium supplemented with 0.5 μM 2,4-D and 5.0 μM kinetin. While leaf-derived callus grew slower
under a 16-h photoperiod (specific growth rate, μ = 0.179 d−1, t
D = 3.9 d) than in darkness (μ = 0.236 d−1, t
D = 2.9 d), it accumulated the highest amount (p < 0.05) of both phenolics (86.6 ± 0.01 mg gallic acid equivalents/g) and flavonoids (339.6 ± 0.06 mg catechin equivalents/g).
Similarly, antioxidant activity was significantly higher (p < 0.05) when callus was cultured in period light than when grown in extended darkness. Antioxidant activity measured with
a 2,20-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS)-based assay was 350.5 ± 15.8 mmol Trolox/g
extract for callus cultured under a defined photoperiod compared to 129.1 ± 7.5 mmol Trolox/g extract from callus cultured
in darkness. Content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids was in agreement with a better antioxidant power (EC50 = 450 μg extract/mg 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and antiradical efficiency. Results of the present study show that calli
of T. stans are a source of compounds with antioxidant activity that is favored by culture under a set photoperiod. 相似文献
5.
Daisuke Sugimori 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2009,82(2):351-357
To develop a microbial treatment of edible oil-contaminated wastewater, microorganisms capable of rapidly degrading edible
oil were screened. The screening study yielded a yeast coculture comprising Rhodotorula pacifica strain ST3411 and Cryptococcus laurentii strain ST3412. The coculture was able to degrade efficiently even at low contents of nitrogen ([NH4–N] = 240 mg/L) and phosphorus sources ([PO4–P] = 90 mg/L). The 24-h degradation rate of 3,000 ppm mixed oils (salad oil/lard/beef tallow, 1:1 w/w) at 20°C was 39.8% ± 9.9% (means ± standard deviations of eight replicates). The highest degradation rate was observed at
20°C and pH 8. In a scaled-up experiment, the salad oil was rapidly degraded by the coculture from 671 ± 52.0 to 143 ± 96.7 ppm
in 24 h, and the degradation rate was 79.4% ± 13.8% (means ± standard deviations of three replicates). In addition, a repetitive
degradation was observed with the cell growth by only pH adjustment without addition of the cells. 相似文献
6.
Andres Meos Tiiu Jüriado Vallo Matto Ain Raal 《Biological trace element research》2011,140(2):244-251
Trace metal contamination is a major environmental and health problem virtually in all countries. The present study was aimed
to estimate the lead content of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) inflorescences and leaves collected from a nonpolluted test field. The lead content in dry pot marigold inflorescences
was 9.34 ± 0.79 μg/g, in dry leaves 11.57 ± 0.47 μg/g, and in soil 0.649 ± 0.012 μg/g. The distance of pot marigold collection
beds (30–220 m from the motorway) had no effect on lead content. There was a strong positive correlation between the amount
of precipitations and lead content of pot marigold leaves but not inflorescences indicating the soil as primarily the source
of increased lead content. In conclusion, no effect of motorway vicinity was found for pot marigold inflorescences or leaves
lead content; however, as a precaution, it is not recommended to collect the plants during or just after showers. 相似文献
7.
The influence of predator exposure on the survival of hatchery red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus was investigated under laboratory conditions. Several prey-capture (attack distance, mean attack velocity, capture time,
and gape cycle duration) and anti-predator (reaction distance, response distance, mean velocity, and maximum velocity) performance
variables were quantified using high-speed video for juvenile red drum (25–30 mm standard length, L
S
) reared with and without predators (pinfish, Lagodon rhomboides). Univariate contrasts of prey-capture events demonstrated that attack distance (mean ± s.e.) was significantly greater in
red drum reared with (1.20 ± 0.16 mm) versus without (0.65 ± 0.09 mm) pinfish predators. During anti-predator events, red
drum reared with predators had approximately 300% greater reaction distance and 20%–30% greater response distance, mean velocity
and maximum velocity versus fish reared without predators; however, these differences were not statistically significant.
Following video assessments, a series of mortality experiments were conducted using free-ranging pinfish predators. Mortality
rates (Z) ranged from 0.047 to 0.060 (Z/hr/predator) and did not differ significantly among treatments. 相似文献
8.
Hideki Sugiura Yukiko Shimooka Yamato Tsuji 《International journal of primatology》2011,32(6):1348-1366
The spatial cohesiveness of a group is an important element that characterizes the social structure of group-living species.
Moreover, remaining cohesive is crucial if individuals are to coordinate their activities and reach collective decisions.
We measured interindividual spacing in a group of wild Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) to assess the spatial cohesiveness of a social group quantitatively. We used simultaneous focal animal sampling, with 2
observers recording individuals’ locations with a global positioning system (GPS) during 3 seasons. Interindividual distances
differed among seasons; they were short in autumn (mean ± SD: 25.6 ± 20.1 m), intermediate in winter (mean ± SD: 46.3 ± 35.7 m),
and long in summer (mean ± SD: 62.3 ± 47.1 m). Measurements taken in summer revealed extremely wide spacing (maximum: 1225 m),
suggesting subgrouping. Distances also varied with activity during each season; they were short during resting and grooming,
intermediate during foraging, and long during moving. Group cohesion was also influenced by food distribution. More group
members were ≤20 m of the focal individual during foraging on clumped food than foraging on scattered food in each season,
and the group foraged on clumped food most frequently in autumn. Individuals were also likely to aggregate at resting/grooming
sites and clumped food patches and to disperse when moving within a day. These results demonstrate that Japanese macaques
show considerable variation in spatial cohesiveness both within short time periods, e.g., 1 d, and among seasons, and that
they adjust group cohesiveness flexibly depending on the food conditions and foraging tactics. 相似文献
9.
Yankuo Li Zhigang Jiang Chunwang Li Cyril C. Grueter 《International journal of primatology》2010,31(4):609-626
The distribution of food resources in time and space may affect the diet, ranging pattern, and social organization of primates.
We studied variation in ranging patterns in a group of Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) over winter and summer in response to variation in their diet in the Qingmuchuan Nature Reserve, China. There was a clear
diet shift from highly folivorous in winter to highly frugivorous in summer. The home range was 8.09 km2 in summer and 7.43 km2 in winter, calculated via the 95% kernel method. Corresponding to the diet shift, the focal group traveled significantly
longer distances in summer (mean 1020 ± 69 m/d) than in winter (mean 676 ± 53 m/d); the daily range was also significantly
greater in summer (mean 0.27 ± 0.02 km2/d) than in winter (mean 0.21 ± 0.01 km2/d). There was no significant variation in home range size between winter and summer, and the monkeys did not use geographically
distinct ranges in summer and winter. However, overlap in the actual activity area and core range between winter and summer
was only 0.13 km2, representing 4.4% of the summer core area and 5.3% of the winter core area. Differences were apparent between summer and
winter ranging patterns: In summer, the group traveled repeatedly and uninterruptedly across its home range and made 3 circles
of movement along a fixed route in 31 d; in winter, the activity area was composed of 3 disconnected patches, and the focal
group stayed in each patch for an average of 8 successive days without traveling among patches. Winter range use was concentrated
on mixed evergreen and deciduous forest patches where leaves and fruits were available, whereas the summer range pattern correlates
significantly positively with the distribution of giant dogwood (Cornus controversa) fruits. Thus it appears that the diet shift of Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys between winter and summer caused the monkeys to
use their home range in different ways, supporting the hypothesis that food resources determine primate ranging patterns. 相似文献
10.
A. B. Shrivatav K. P. Singh S. K. Mittal P. K. Malik 《European Journal of Wildlife Research》2012,58(1):365-367
Haematological and biochemical studies were conducted on 12 clinically healthy tigers of Central India. The range and mean
(with one standard deviation), respectively for the parameters examined were: red blood cells, 4.66 to 9.15, 7.9 ± 1.42, 106/μl; haemoglobin, 7.8 to 13.8, 12.8 ± 1.65 g/dl; packed cell volume, 36 to 45, 38 ± 2.54; icterus index, 2 to 5, 2 ± 1.51 U;
erythrocyte sedimentation rate, 14 to 26, 21 ± 4.21 mm at 1 h; white blood cells, 6.2 to 11.05, 8.5 ± 1.49, 103/μl; neutrophils, 57 to 75, 60 ± 5.08%; lymphocytes, 18 to 35, 30 ± 4.56%; monocytes, 2 to 6, 5 ± 1.21%; eosinophils, 2 to
6, 4 ± 1.3; basophils, 0 to 4, 1 ± 1.21; plasma albumin, 2.1 to 4.6, 3.5 ± 0.99 mg/dl; total protein, 3.7 to 8.7, 6.4 ± 1.88 mg/dl;
total bilirubin, 0.4 to 3.2, 1.9 ± 1.21 mg/dl; creatinine, 1.6 to 4.6, 2.90 ± 1.03 mg/dl; blood urea nitrogen, 6.5 to 48.2,
27.90 ± 13.77 mg/dl; glutamic pyruvic transaminase, 21.2 to 109.0, 67.88 ± 27.84 IU/L and glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase,
14.4 to 84, 57.96 ± 17.27 IU/L; index conspicuous erythrocyte sedimentation rate; absence of reticulocytes and predominance
of neutrophils. 相似文献
11.
Wang LW Xu BG Wang JY Su ZZ Lin FC Zhang CL Kubicek CP 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2012,93(3):1231-1239
Through bioassay-guided fractionation, the EtOAc extract of a culture broth of the endophytic fungus Phoma species ZJWCF006 in Arisaema erubescens afforded a new α-tetralone derivative, (3S)-3,6,7-trihydroxy-α-tetralone (1), together with cercosporamide (2), β-sitosterol (3), and trichodermin (4). The structures of compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. Compounds 1, 2, and 3 were obtained from Phoma species for the first time. Additionally, the compounds were subjected to bioactivity assays, including antimicrobial activity,
against four plant pathogenic fungi (Fusarium oxysporium, Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Magnaporthe oryzae) and two plant pathogenic bacteria (Xanthomonas campestris and Xanthomonas oryzae), as well as in vitro antitumor activities against HT-29, SMMC-772, MCF-7, HL-60, MGC80-3, and P388 cell lines. Compound
1 showed growth inhibition against F. oxysporium and R. solani with EC50 values of 413.22 and 48.5 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, compound 1 showed no cytotoxicity, whereas compound 2 exhibited cytotoxic activity against the six tumor cell lines tested, with IC50 values of 9.3 ± 2.8, 27.87 ± 1.78, 48.79 ± 2.56, 37.57 ± 1.65, 27.83 ± 0.48, and 30.37 ± 0.28 μM, respectively. We conclude
that endophytic Phoma are promising sources of natural bioactive and novel metabolites. 相似文献
12.
Morphological and Genetic Characterization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Saimiri boliviensis</Emphasis>
Eliana Ruth Steinberg Mariela Nieves Marina Sofía Ascunce Ana María Palermo Marta Dolores Mudry 《International journal of primatology》2009,30(1):29-41
The taxonomy of Saimiri is controversial because morphological characteristics, traditionally used for identification, are insufficient to distinguish
species and subspecies. Genetic studies of specimens become relevant for captive management, especially considering their
frequently unknown geographical origin. We analyzed phenotypic and genetic parameters in Saimiri spp. in Argentinean zoological gardens and biological stations to provide a more accurate taxonomic identification. We studied
27 males and 19 females of Saimiri spp. The cytogenetic analysis in mitotic metaphases corroborated a modal number of 2N = 44, XX/XY, and FN = 75 for males
and FN = 76 for females. G- and C-bands, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and the pelage coloration pattern of all the specimens corresponded to Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis. We characterized for the first time the sperm cell morphology and morphometry (mean ± SE): total length: 71.39 ± 5.40 μm;
head length: 5.71 ± 0.81 μm; head width: 3.76 ± 0.70 μm; acrosome length: 3.70 ± 0.82 μm; midpiece length: 12.20 ± 2.22 μm.
Researchers can use the characterization of the sperm morphology as another parameter for taxonomic identification that, together
with cytogenetic and molecular ones, would allow a more precise identification of individual Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis. 相似文献
13.
Satoshi Suzuki Kazushige Furuya Tadashi Kawai Ichiro Takeuchi 《Journal of applied phycology》2008,20(5):833-844
Recent studies on global climate change report that increase in seawater temperature leads to coastal ecosystem change, including
coral bleaching in the tropic. In order to assess the effect of increased seawater temperature on a temperate coastal ecosystem,
we studied the inter-annual variation in productivity of Laminaria japonica using long-term oceanographic observations for the Uwa Sea, southern Japan. The annual productivity estimates for L. japonica were 2.7 ± 2.5 (mean ± SD) kg wet wt. m−1 (length of rope) (2003/2004), 1.0 ± 0.6 kg wet wt. m−1 (2004/2005) and 12.1 ± 12.5 kg wet wt. m−1 (2005/2006). Our previous study using the same methodology at the same locality reported that the productivity was estimated
for the 2001/2002 (33.3 ± 15.2 kg wet wt. m−1) and 2002/2003 (34.0 ± 8.7 kg wet wt. m−1) seasons. Productivity in 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 was significantly lower than in years 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2005/2006.
A comparison of oceanographic conditions among the 5 years revealed the presence of threshold seawater temperature effects.
When the average seawater temperature during the first 45 days of each experiment exceeded 15.5°C, productivity was reduced
to about 10 % of that in cooler years. Moreover the analysis of growth and erosion rates indicates that when the seawater
temperature was over 17.5°C, erosion rate exceeded growth rate. Thus, an increase of seawater temperature of just 1°C during
winter drastically reduces the productivity of L. japonica in the Uwa Sea. 相似文献
14.
Ozkaya M Sahin M Cakal E Gisi K Bilge F Kilinc M 《Biological trace element research》2009,128(2):144-151
The present study was conducted to evaluate the serum selenium levels in first-degree relatives of diabetic patients (FDR)
according to controls. Insulin resistance, serum lipid levels, inflammation markers, and blood pressure were also studied
in these patients. Serum levels of selenium in FDR were significantly lower than control group (74.65 ± 5.9 vs 88.7 ± 8.7 μg/dl,
p < 0.0001). HsCRP, HOMA-IR, insulin, homocysteine levels were significantly higher in FDR according to the control group (1.32 ± 0.9
vs 0.63 ± 0.4 mg/dL, p < 0.0001; 2.07 ± 0.84 vs 1.51 ± 0.69, p < 0.0001; 9.26 ± 3.8 vs 6.8 ± 2.98 μU/MI, p < 0.0001; 15.7 ± 7.4 vs 11.5 ± 5.1 μmol/L, p < 0.0001, respectively). There was significant correlation between selenium levels and hsCRP (r = − 0.450, p < 0.0001). There was also weak significant correlation also between HOMA-IR and selenium levels (r = −0.227, p = 0.003). There was a correlation between systolic blood pressure and BMI (r = 0.365, p < 0.0001). But there was no correlation between selenium levels and blood pressure or other parameters. HsCRP, HOMA-IR, homocysteine
levels in individuals with selenium levels < 80 μg/L (n = 78) was significantly higher than hsCRP HOMA-IR, homocysteine levels in individuals with selenium levels ≥ 80 (n = 91; 1.23 ± 0.98 vs 0.81 ± 0.76 mg/dL, p < 0.003; 1.99 ± 0.88 vs 1.64 ± 0.74, p < 0.005; 15.0 ± 7.6 vs 12.9 ± 5.7 μmol/L, p < 0.049, respectively). Selenium deficiency may contribute to cardiovascular disease risk in FDR. 相似文献
15.
Aporn Bualuang Kanteera Soontharapirakkul Aran Incharoensakdi 《Journal of applied phycology》2010,22(2):123-129
The activity of Na+/H+ exchanger to remove toxic Na+ is important for growth of organisms under high salinity. In this study, the halotolerant cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica was shown to possess Na+/H+ exchange activity since exogenously added Na+ could dissipate a pre-formed pH gradient, and decrease extracellular pH. Kinetic analysis yielded apparent K
m (Na+) and V
max of 20.7 ± 3.1 mM and 3,333 ± 370 nmol H+ min−1 mg−1, respectively. For cells grown under salt-stress condition, the apparent K
m (Na+) and V
max was 18.3 ± 3.5 mM and 3,703 ± 350 nmol H+ min−1 mg−1, respectively. Three cations with decreasing efficiency namely Li+, Ca2+, and K+ were also able to dissipate pH gradient. Only marginal exchange activity was observed for Mg2+. The exchange activity was strongly inhibited by Na+-gradient dissipators, monensin, and sodium ionophore as well as by CCCP, a protonophore. A. halophytica showed high Na+/H+ exchange activity at neutral and alkaline pH up to pH 10. Cells grown at pH 7.6 under high salinity exhibited higher Na+/H+ exchange activity than those grown under low salinity during 15 days of growth suggesting a role of Na+/H+ exchanger for salt tolerance in A. halophytica. Cells grown at alkaline pH of 9.0 also exhibited a progressive increase of Na+/H+ exchange activity during 15 days of growth. 相似文献
16.
A. Dematteis A. Menzano G. Canavese P. G. Meneguz L. Rossi 《European Journal of Wildlife Research》2009,55(6):567-573
One-hundred and fifty-five free-ranging Northern chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) were anaesthetised in the course of a restocking programme using xylazine plus ketamine. Mean ± SD dosages for xylazine
and ketamine were 1.9 ± 0.5 and 2.2 ± 0.7 mg/kg, respectively. In 57 chamois, sedation was reversed using 0.3 ± 0.1 mg/kg
atipamezole. Although all the anaesthetic dosages tested immobilised free-ranging Northern chamois, shorter induction times
(4.8 ± 2.6 min), deeper sedation with no reaction to handling in >90% of the animals and quick reversal (4.0 ± 2.7 min) were
obtained using 2.5 mg/kg xylazine plus 3.0 mg/kg ketamine reversed with 0.25 mg/kg atipamezole. Under the conditions of this
study, suggested standard doses are 63 mg/animal xylazine plus 76 mg/animal ketamine reversed by 6.3 mg/animal atipamezole.
This anaesthetic protocol improves the results from the previous study of Dematteis et al. (Vet Rec 163:184–189, 2008) using xylazine alone. 相似文献
17.
Effect of eight benthic diatoms as feed on the growth of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) postlarvae 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Juan Gabriel Correa-Reyes María del Pilar Sánchez-Saavedra María Teresa Viana Norberto Flores-Acevedo Carlos Vásquez-Peláez 《Journal of applied phycology》2009,21(4):387-393
The growth rate of abalone post larvae of Haliotis rufescens fed ad libitum with a benthic monoalgal diatom culture maintained as monocultures on a semi-commercial scale, was evaluated
and correlated with the biochemical composition of the diatoms. The cell size (7.0 × 4.0 μm to 21.0 × 7.5 μm), protein percentage
(7.42% to 13.66%), and ash content (49.03% to 59.61%) were different among diatom strains; lipid percentage, nitrogen free
extract, and energy content (Kcal g−1) were similar among diatom strains. The values of essential and non-essential amino and fatty acids composition differed
among diatom strains. Differences in the abalone shell length and orthogonal analyses revealed postlarval growth was dependent
on the quality of the food source. Postlarvae abalone displaying the longest shell lengths were fed Nitzschia thermalis var. minor and Amphiprora paludosa var. hyalina (1,712.0 ± 61 μm and 1,709 ± 67 μm, respectively), followed by Navicula incerta (1,413.3 ± 43 μm). The fatty acid content of benthic diatoms and abalone growth rate were not correlated. 相似文献
18.
M. Helanto K. Kiviharju T. Granström M. Leisola A. Nyyssölä 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2009,83(1):77-83
l-Ribose is a rare and expensive sugar that can be used as a precursor for the production of l-nucleoside analogues, which are used as antiviral drugs. In this work, we describe a novel way of producing l-ribose from the readily available raw material l-arabinose. This was achieved by introducing l-ribose isomerase activity into l-ribulokinase-deficient Escherichia coli UP1110 and Lactobacillus plantarum BPT197 strains. The process for l-ribose production by resting cells was investigated. The initial l-ribose production rates at 39°C and pH 8 were 0.46 ± 0.01 g g−1 h−1 (1.84 ± 0.03 g l−1 h−1) and 0.27 ± 0.01 g g−1 h−1 (1.91 ± 0.1 g l−1 h−1) for E. coli and for L. plantarum, respectively. Conversions were around 20% at their highest in the experiments. Also partially purified protein precipitates
having both l-arabinose isomerase and l-ribose isomerase activity were successfully used for converting l-arabinose to l-ribose. 相似文献
19.
Mi-Young Oh Sang Beum Lee Deuk-Hee Jin Yong-Ki Hong Hyung-Joo Jin 《Journal of applied phycology》2010,22(4):453-458
We determined the structure of two compounds, namely, 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and di-n-octylphthalate (DnOP), which have algicidal activity against the toxic dinoflagellate, Cochlodinium polykrikoides. The polyunsaturated fatty acid EPA and the anthropogenic DnOP were isolated from the MeOH extract of the red alga Corallina pilulifera. We also found that a commercial EPA has algicidal activity identical to that of the EPA purified from C. pilulifera. At low inoculum (5.0 × 102 cells mL−1), the highest algicidal activity of a commercial EPA exhibited approximately 92.6% algicidal activity after 1 h and 96.8%
after 6 h treatment at 6 μg mL−1, respectively. At high inoculum (1.0 × 104 cells mL−1), the strongest algicidal activity of EPA showed 69.5% after 1 h and 75.5% algicidal activity after 6 h treatment at 6 μg
mL−1, respectively. However, EPA did not show algicidal activity against several microalgae used in aquaculture such as Pavlova lutheri, Tetraselmis suecica, Isochrysis galbana, and Nannochloris oculata for 6 h treatment at 6 μg mL−1. The algicidal activity of the five red tide strains to EPA (3 μg mL−1) showed about 86.6%, 86.6%, and 67.3% algicidal activity against Skeletonema costatum, Chaetoceros curvisetus, and C. polykrikoides after 1 h treatment at low inoculum (5.0 × 102 cells mL−1), respectively, but not against Prorocentrum minimum and Scrippsiella trochoidea. We concluded that EPA might be useful as a controlling agent of harmful algal blooms. 相似文献
20.
Ethanol production by recombinant Escherichia coli strain FBR5 from dilute acid pretreated wheat straw (WS) by separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and simultaneous saccharification
and fermentation (SSF) was studied. The yield of total sugars from dilute acid (0.5% H2SO4) pretreated (160 °C, 10 min) and enzymatically saccharified (pH 5.0, 45 °C, 72 h) WS (86 g/l) was 50.0 ± 1.4 g/l. The hydrolyzate
contained 1,184 ± 19 mg furfural and 161 ± 1 mg hydroxymethyl furfural per liter. The recombinant E. coli FBR5 could not grow at all at pH controlled at 4.5 to 6.5 in the non-abated wheat straw hydrolyzate (WSH) at 35 °C. However,
it produced 21.9 ± 0.3 g ethanol from non-abated WSH (total sugars, 44.1 ± 0.4 g/l) in 90 h including the lag time of 24 h
at controlled pH 7.0 and 35 °C. The bioabatement of WS was performed by growing Coniochaeta ligniaria NRRL 30616 in the liquid portion of the pretreated WS aerobically at pH 6.5 and 30 °C for 15 h. The bacterium produced 21.6 ± 0.5 g
ethanol per liter in 40 h from the bioabated enzymatically saccharified WSH (total sugars, 44.1 ± 0.4 g) at pH 6.0. It produced
24.9 ± 0.3 g ethanol in 96 h and 26.7 ± 0.0 g ethanol in 72 h per liter from bioabated WSH by batch SSF and fed-batch SSF,
respectively. SSF offered a distinct advantage over SHF with respect to reducing total time required to produce ethanol from
the bioabated WS. Also, fed-batch SSF performed better than the batch SSF with respect to shortening the time requirement
and increase in ethanol yield. 相似文献