Type 1 diabetes exacerbates blood–brain barrier alterations during experimental epileptic seizures in an animal model |
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| Authors: | Hatice Yorulmaz Engin Kaptan F. Burcu Seker Baria Oztas |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Halic University, Istanbul, Turkey;2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey;3. Department of Physiology, Medical School, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey;4. Department of Physiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this study was to perform the effects of diabetes on the permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) during pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)‐induced epileptic attacks. For this propose, the animals were divided into four groups. These groups contained were intact, PTZ‐treated, diabetic and PTZ‐treated diabetic individuals, respectively. To evaluate the functioning of the BBB, Evans blue was used as a BBB permeability indicator, and the expressions of zonula occludens‐1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein involving the functioning of the BBB were determined immunohistochemically. Also, the changes in the release of serum tumour necrosis factor‐alpha and interleukin‐10 and interleukin‐12 were studied by using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. BBB permeability in the seizures under diabetic conditions showed a considerable increase (p < 0·01) in all of the brain we studied. The immunoreactive staining intensity of zonula occludens‐1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein was found reduced in the brain regions of diabetic rats (p < 0·01). However, the serum level of tumour necrosis factor‐alpha increased in diabetes and diabetes + PTZ groups, and the serum level of interleukin‐12 increased significantly in all experimental groups (p < 0·05). In conclusion, diabetes dramatically increases BBB damage during epileptic seizures, and it may be derived from an elevation of paracellular passage. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
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| Keywords: | blood– brain barrier diabetes epilepsy cytokines ZO‐1 GFAP |
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