Nickel‐Rich and Lithium‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes: Progress and Perspectives |
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| Authors: | Arumugam Manthiram James C. Knight Seung‐Taek Myung Seung‐Min Oh Yang‐Kook Sun |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Electrochemical Energy Laboratory, McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA;2. Department of Nano Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea;3. Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea |
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| Abstract: | Ni‐rich layered oxides and Li‐rich layered oxides are topics of much research interest as cathodes for Li‐ion batteries due to their low cost and higher discharge capacities compared to those of LiCoO2 and LiMn2O4. However, Ni‐rich layered oxides have several pitfalls, including difficulty in synthesizing a well‐ordered material with all Ni3+ ions, poor cyclability, moisture sensitivity, a thermal runaway reaction, and formation of a harmful surface layer caused by side reactions with the electrolyte. Recent efforts towards Ni‐rich layered oxides have centered on optimizing the composition and processing conditions to obtain controlled bulk and surface compositions to overcome the capacity fade. Li‐rich layered oxides also have negative aspects, including oxygen loss from the lattice during first charge, a large first cycle irreversible capacity loss, poor rate capability, side reactions with the electrolyte, low tap density, and voltage decay during extended cycling. Recent work on Li‐rich layered oxides has focused on understanding the surface and bulk structures and eliminating the undesirable properties. Followed by a brief introduction, an account of recent developments on the understanding and performance gains of Ni‐rich and Li‐rich layered oxide cathodes is provided, along with future research directions. |
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| Keywords: | compositional control electrochemistry lithium‐ion batteries layered oxides surface control |
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