| 抑制剂和猪粪对尿素氮在稻田土壤中转化的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 于春晓,张丽莉,杨立杰,李文涛,武开阔,解学仕,李东坡,武志杰. 抑制剂和猪粪对尿素氮在稻田土壤中转化的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(6): 1851-1858. DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202006.026 |
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| 作者姓名： | 于春晓 张丽莉 杨立杰 李文涛 武开阔 解学仕 李东坡 武志杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016;2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;3.沈阳化工研究院有限公司, 沈阳 110021;4.史丹利农业集团股份有限公司, 山东临沂 981341 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300904)、国家自然科学基金项目(31971531)和泰山领军人才项目(LJNY201614)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了阐明稻田土壤中尿素在配施抑制剂和猪粪的情况下不同形态氮的响应特征,探究不同管理措施下稻田土壤氮素保持和供给能力。本研究采用15N标记尿素进行盆栽试验,设置不施肥(CK)、猪粪(M)、尿素(N)、猪粪+尿素(NM)、尿素+抑制剂(NI)和尿素+抑制剂+猪粪(NIM)6个处理。抑制剂选用脲酶抑制剂(PPD+NBPT)和硝化抑制剂(DMPP)组合,测定返青期、分蘖期和成熟期土壤氮库的分配、尿素氮在氮库中的保存及水稻吸氮状况。结果表明: 施用猪粪显著提高了土壤铵态氮、固定态铵含量和微生物生物量氮,提高了分蘖期尿素氮在各氮库中的贮存,显著增加了水稻产量。与N处理相比,添加抑制剂促进了NH4+的矿物固定和微生物对尿素氮的固持;与NM处理相比,施用抑制剂增加了黏土矿物对15NH4+的固定。通径分析表明,施用猪粪能促进水稻吸收肥料氮,增加水稻产量;添加抑制剂可通过铵的矿物固定将更多的肥料氮暂时储存;NIM能将更多的氮贮存在微生物生物量氮中,至作物生长后期,铵的释放和微生物周转矿化可为水稻提供更多的有效氮源。在我国北方稻田,NM和NIM处理是推荐的施肥方式。
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| 收稿时间： | 2019-12-27 |
Effects of inhibitors and pig manure on the transformation of urea nitrogen in paddy soil |
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| YU Chun-xiao,ZHANG Li-li,YANG Li-jie,LI Wen-tao,WU Kai-kuo,XIE Xue-shi,LI Dong-po,WU Zhi-jie. Effects of inhibitors and pig manure on the transformation of urea nitrogen in paddy soil[J]. The journal of applied ecology, 2020, 31(6): 1851-1858. DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202006.026 |
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| Authors: | YU Chun-xiao ZHANG Li-li YANG Li-jie LI Wen-tao WU Kai-kuo XIE Xue-shi LI Dong-po WU Zhi-jie |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shen-yang 110016, China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3.Shen-yang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Shenyang 110021, China;4.Stanley Agriculture Group Co. Ltd., Linyi 981341, Shandong, China |
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| Abstract: | With the aim to understand the response of different nitrogen forms in paddy soil under the conditions of urea combined with inhibitors and pig manure, and to explore the nitrogen retention and supply capacity of paddy soil under different management strategy, we conducted a pot experiment with 15N labeled urea. There were six treatments: no nitrogen fertilizer (CK), pig manure (M), urea (N), urea+pig manure (NM), urea+inhibitor (NI), urea+inhibitor+pig manure (NIM). Urease inhibitor (PPD+NBPT) and nitrification inhibitor (DMPP) were used as the inhibitor combination. Soil nitrogen pools, conservation of 15N labeled urea, and rice N adsorption were measured in rice seedling, tillering, and mature stages. Results showed that pig manure significantly increased soil ammonium concentration, soil microbial biomass nitrogen and fixed ammonium, as well as the storage of urea nitrogen in various pools at tillering stage, and significantly increased rice yield. Addition of the inhibitors increased NH4+ fixation by clay minerals and nitrogen immobilization by microorganisms compared with treatment N, and increased urea-derived NH4+ fixation by clay minerals compared with treatment NM. Pathway analysis showed that pig manure increased urea-N assimilation and yield of rice. The urea-derived ammonium fixed by clay minerals was temporarily stored after inhibitors application. NIM treatment stored more N in microbial biomass, and the released ammonium coupled the turnover and mineralization of microbial provided more available nitrogen for the later growth of rice. Both NM and NIM treatments are recommended in paddy fields of north China. |
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