| 黄土高原极端气温变化特征及其与平均气温的相关性 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘盼,赵西宁,高晓东,于流洋,任敏. 黄土高原极端气温变化特征及其与平均气温的相关性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(7): 1975-1982. DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202207.024 |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘盼 赵西宁 高晓东 于流洋 任敏 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100;2.西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西杨凌 712100;3.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌 71210 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41771316)和陕西省重点研发计划项目(2020ZDLNY07-04)资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 近几十年来,黄土高原极端气候频发,研究和预测极端气候的发生显得尤为重要。目前,关于极端气候的研究多关注事件本身的变化特征,而忽略了平均气温与其变化趋势的相关分析。本研究基于1986—2019年黄土高原79个气象站的逐日最高气温、最低气温和平均气温资料,采用线性倾向估计、Mann-Kendall检验、滑动t检验以及Pearson相关分析方法,对黄土高原地区极端气温的变化趋势及其与平均气温的相关性进行研究。结果表明: 研究期间,黄土高原地区极端气温暖指数呈显著上升趋势,冷指数呈显著下降趋势,极端高温事件发生频率增加;大多极端气温指数在20世纪90年代中后期和2012年发生突变,且极端气温在1998—2012年整体呈现下降趋势,较好地响应了全球变暖停滞现象;平均气温在西部黄土高塬沟壑区、土石山区及河谷平原区的上升趋势较其他区域明显,且极端气温指数大幅变化趋势的站点几乎都发生在平均气温大幅上升的区域;平均气温的小幅上升显著增加了极端高温事件发生的频率,其中,极端低温的变化幅度和速率大于极端高温,气候变暖对极端气温指数产生了不同影响,平均气温的微小变化使得黄土高原整体气候分布向着更易发生热浪的方向转移。
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| 关 键 词： | 极端气候 极端气温指数 热浪 冻害 黄土高原 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-09-24 |
Characteristics of extreme temperature variation in the Loess Plateau and its correlation with average temperature |
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| LIU Pan,ZHAO Xi-ning,GAO Xiao-dong,YU Liu-yang,REN Min. Characteristics of extreme temperature variation in the Loess Plateau and its correlation with average temperature[J]. The journal of applied ecology, 2022, 33(7): 1975-1982. DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202207.024 |
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| Authors: | LIU Pan ZHAO Xi-ning GAO Xiao-dong YU Liu-yang REN Min |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;2.College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;3.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China |
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| Abstract: | In recent decades, extreme climate occurred frequently on the Loess Plateau. It is thus particularly important to study and predict the occurrence of extreme climate. Available researches on extreme climate mainly focus on the changing characteristics of the event itself, but ignore the correlation between average temperature and its changing trend. We used linear trend estimation, Mann-Kendall test, sliding t test and Pearson correlation analy-sis to study the variation trend of extreme temperature and its correlation with average temperature on the Loess Plateau based on the daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature and average temperature data of 79 meteo-rological stations from 1986 to 2019. The results showed that the extreme warmth index in the Loess Plateau region showed a significant upward trend, the extreme cold index showed a significant downward trend, and the frequency of extreme high temperature events increased. Most of the extreme temperature indices had abrupt changes in the middle and late 1990s and in 2012, and the extreme temperature showed a downward trend from 1998 to 2012, which better responded to the phenomenon of global warming hiatus. The increasing trend of mean temperature in the gully region, the rocky mountain region and the valley plain region was more obvious than that in other regions. The stations with large trend of extreme temperature index almost all occurred in the region with large increases of mean temperature. The increases of average temperature in small increments increased the frequency of extreme high temperature event, with the change range of extreme low temperature and its rate being greater than the extreme high temperature. Climate warming on extreme temperature index had a different effect, small changes in the average temperature in the Loess Plateau made the climate transfer towards the direction of more frequent heat. |
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| Keywords: | extreme climate extreme temperature index heat wave frost damage Loess Plateau |
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