首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     

18种中草药提取物对褐飞虱和甜菜夜蛾的杀虫活性分析
引用本文:李秀梅,方继朝. 18种中草药提取物对褐飞虱和甜菜夜蛾的杀虫活性分析[J]. 昆虫学报, 2010, 53(3): 298-306
作者姓名:李秀梅  方继朝
作者单位:1. 江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所,南京,210014;南京农业大学植物保护学院,南京,210095
2. 江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所,南京,210014
基金项目:国家重点基础研究项目(2010CB126100);;公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803003);;江苏省农业科技创新资金重点项目(cx-08-606)
摘    要:为了筛选对农产品和环境安全、对害虫高效的植物源杀虫剂,分别采用喷雾法和饲毒法,测定了18种中草药的3种溶剂(水、乙醇、石油醚)提取物对褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens Stål的触杀活性和对甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua Hübner的胃毒作用。结果表明,各种提取物(0.8 g/mL)对甜菜夜蛾的胃毒作用不明显,校正死亡率最高为33.33%;但对褐飞虱的杀虫活性较高,其中百部、黄柏、榧子、生山栀、鹤虱、木香的乙醇或石油醚提取物,对褐飞虱3龄若虫的24 h校正死亡率均在80%以上,其石油乙醚提取物的LC50值依次为:0.0826,0.0455,0.0145,0.0047,0.0038,0.0033 g/mL。采用系统溶剂法分析发现,木香和鹤虱的主要杀虫活性成分均在氯仿萃取物中,表明其杀虫成分易溶于较弱极性溶剂中。进一步通过活性追踪法,对鹤虱提取物的柱层析各流分的活性检测表明,其杀虫活性成分的Rf值为0.5556~0.5926。该研究为进一步纯化新型植物源杀虫物质并确定其分子结构,从而开发其应用前景及发现新的杀虫活性先导化合物奠定了基础。

关 键 词:杀虫活性  中草药  提取物  鹤虱  木香  褐飞虱  甜菜夜蛾  

Insecticidal activity of extracts from eighteen Chinese traditional herbal plants against Nilaparvata lugens St(a)l (Homoptera: Delphacidae) and Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
LI Xiu-Mei,FANG Ji-Chao. Insecticidal activity of extracts from eighteen Chinese traditional herbal plants against Nilaparvata lugens St(a)l (Homoptera: Delphacidae) and Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2010, 53(3): 298-306
Authors:LI Xiu-Mei  FANG Ji-Chao
Affiliation:1. Institute of Plant Protection/a>;Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/a>;Nanjing 210014/a>;China/a>;2. College of Plant Protection/a>;Nanjing Agricultural University/a>;Nanjing 210095/a>;China
Abstract:In order to screen the environment friendly and highly effective insecticide of plant origin,we determined the contact toxicity of 52 extracts from 18 Chinese traditional herbal plants against the brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens Stl,by spray method and their stomach toxicity to Spodoptera exigua.The results showed that all the 52 extracts from the 18 Chinese traditional herbal plants separated with solvents of water,alcohol and petroleum ether had low activity to S.exigua,with the highest corrected mor...
Keywords:Chinese traditional herbal plants  extract  Lappula myosotis  Aucklandia lappa  Nilaparvata lugens  Spodoptera exigua  insecticidal activity  
本文献已被 CNKI 万方数据 等数据库收录!
点击此处可从《昆虫学报》浏览原始摘要信息
点击此处可从《昆虫学报》下载全文
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号