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| 模拟氮沉降和干旱对准噶尔盆地两种一年生荒漠植物生长和光合生理的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 周晓兵,张元明,王莎莎,张丙昌. 模拟氮沉降和干旱对准噶尔盆地两种一年生荒漠植物生长和光合生理的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(12): 1394-1403. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.12.005 |
| 作者姓名： | 周晓兵 张元明 王莎莎 张丙昌 |
| 作者单位： | 中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室, 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830011 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049 |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目，国家自然科学基金，中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目 |
| 摘 要： | 氮素和水分是荒漠生态系统的两个主要限制因子, 研究两者对荒漠植物的效应有助于深入了解荒漠生态系统对全球变化的响应。该文选择准噶尔盆地荒漠地区两种常见的一年生植物涩荠(Malcolmia africana)和钩刺雾冰藜(Bassia hyssopifolia), 设置0、0.18和0.72 g N·m -2·week -13个施氮浓度和湿润与干旱两个土壤水分处理, 研究模拟氮沉降增加和干旱对其生长和光合生理的影响。结果表明: (1)两种植物的根长、根重、叶片数、叶面积、总生物量和冠根比均随着施氮浓度的增加而增加, 干旱能够抑制氮对植物生长的促进作用, 但是, 氮的增加同时也能部分缓解干旱对植物生长的影响。与钩刺雾冰藜相比, 涩荠的根长、生物量和冠根比更易受氮增加和干旱的影响。(2)两种植物的最大净光合速率、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量随着氮浓度增加而增加, 但涩荠和钩刺雾冰藜对氮增加和干旱的生理响应也有所不同, 涩荠的响应更加敏感。两种植物对氮沉降和干旱胁迫响应的差异可能是其生活型等生物学特性差异所引起。通过对两种一年生植物的生长和光合生理分析表明, 在古尔班通古特沙漠, 春季丰富的降水和氮素增加将有利于涩荠和钩刺雾冰藜的生长和生产力的增加, 相对地下生长, 地上部分增加更显著。当干旱季节来临时, 氮的增加又能够在一定程度上降低干旱对这两种植物的负效应, 说明其对干旱具有一定的生态补偿作用。 |
| 关 键 词： | 一年生荒荒漠植物 生物量 干旱胁迫 氮沉降 可溶性蛋白 |
| 收稿时间： | 2010-03-29 |
Combined effects of simulated nitrogen deposition and drought stress on growth and photosynthetic physiological responses of two annual desert plants in Junggar Basin,China |
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| ZHOU Xiao-Bing,ZHANG Yuan-Ming,WANG Sha-Sha,ZHANG Bing-Chang. Combined effects of simulated nitrogen deposition and drought stress on growth and photosynthetic physiological responses of two annual desert plants in Junggar Basin,China[J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 2010, 34(12): 1394-1403. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.12.005 | |
| Authors: | ZHOU Xiao-Bing ZHANG Yuan-Ming WANG Sha-Sha ZHANG Bing-Chang |
| Affiliation: | Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ürümqi 830011, China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
| Abstract: | Aims The two primary limiting factors for biological activities in desert ecosystems are nitrogen and water. Our study, which examined their combined effects, can provide insight into the responses of arid ecosystems to global climate change. We selected two typical annual desert plants, Malcolmia africana and Bassia hyssopifolia to determine the combined effects of nitrogen deposition and drought stress on their growth and photosynthetic physiological responses. Methods Three levels of N addition (0, 0.18 and 0.72 g N·m–2·week–1) and two soil watering regimes (60%–70% and 30%–40% of field capacity) were randomly provided in order to simulate nitrogen deposition and drought stress. Changes in plant growth and photosynthetic physiological traits were measured shortly before flowering. Important findings N supply and drought stress significantly affected growth of both species. With the enhancement of N supply, we found an increase in growth parameters (including root length, root weight, leaf number, leaf area, total biomass and shoot/root (S/R)). At the same N level, increased drought stress could counteract the positive effects of N supply on plant growth. Increased N, however, could also alleviate the negative effects caused by drought stress. With the increasing N addition, we also observed increase of physiological indices (net photosynthetic rate, content of chlorophyll and soluble protein). Malcolmia africana was more sensitive to N supply and drought stress than B. hyssopifolia. The different responses of the two species may due to their different biological characteristics, such as life form. The results indicated that N and water pulses in spring in this desert would be beneficial to the growth and productivity of M. africana and B. hyssopifolia, especially for aboveground parts. Moreover, N deposition could partially alleviate the negative effects caused by drought stress during the severe dry season. |
| Keywords: | annual desert plant biomass drought stress N deposition soluble protein |
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