| 鱼杯体虫(Apiosoma piscicola)的光镜及透射电镜观察 |
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| 引用本文： | 李明,汪建国,章晋勇,朱大玲,顾泽茂,龚小宁. 鱼杯体虫(Apiosoma piscicola)的光镜及透射电镜观察[J]. 水生生物学报, 2007, 31(2): 208-211 |
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| 作者姓名： | 李明 汪建国 章晋勇 朱大玲 顾泽茂 龚小宁 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院水生生物研究所领域探索项目;湖北省科技攻关项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 对洪泽湖地区鱼杯体虫(Apiosoma piscicola)的活体、固定染色标本形态及其超微结构进行了较为系统地观察、描述,发现虫体大小在南北地区存在显著差异并就这种现象产生的原因进行了讨论,认为这可能是由于南北地区在气候条件、水体生境等各个方面均存在着很大不同,相同祖先种在进行地域辐射时,对各自生存环境长期适应所产生的结果。在超微结构中对虫体表膜、口围纤毛、口围唇、漏斗、横纤毛带及内部胞器进行了仔细的观察,发现杯体虫体内尤其是口区具有很多细菌和有机颗粒,这就证明了其营养是来自于外界水环境而并非宿主,并从杯体虫食物来源的角度论证了杯体虫是一种体外共生体(ectocommensal)而非体外寄生体(ectoparasite)。另外,还观察到虫体尤其是口围唇部的表膜具有非常明显的褶皱,显示了其口区表膜极强的伸缩能力,这也是虫体在受到刺激或形成游泳体(telotroch或swarmer)时能将整个口围盘缩进体内的原因。
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| 关 键 词： | 杯体虫 形态 光镜 透射电镜 体外共生体 |
OBSERVATION ON THE APIOSOMA PISCICOLA UNDER OPTICAL AND TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE |
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| LI Ming,WANG Jian-Guo,ZHANG Jin-Yong,ZHU Da-Ling,GU Ze-Mao,GONG Xiao-Ning. OBSERVATION ON THE APIOSOMA PISCICOLA UNDER OPTICAL AND TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2007, 31(2): 208-211 |
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| Authors: | LI Ming WANG Jian-Guo ZHANG Jin-Yong ZHU Da-Ling GU Ze-Mao GONG Xiao-Ning |
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| Abstract: | As a species of the epizootic ciliate, A piosoma piscicola Blanchard, 1885 which attaches to the surfaces of many kinds of hydrobionts can badly endanger the hosts and causegreat losses tothe aquaculture industry. It also has awide spread, such as Europe, Asia and South Africa. Because of its great variability in different regions, A piosoma piscicola (Blanchard, 1885) has some synonyms such as/Glossatella cyprinid Lrmek HuÍek, 19530,/A piosoma magna Banina, 19680, etc. In China, it was firstly reported by Chen with the name/G lossatella cylindriformis0 in 1956. Although Apiosoma piscicola was found more than one century before, today our understanding to them remains in the stage of alpha taxonomy. In order to carry out the research deeply, the author collected numerous specimens from the gills and fins of the fishes that were heavily infected in the Hongze Lake of Jiangsu Province located in east of China. This paper systematically dealt with themorphology and structure of the living specimens(stained with 2% Neutral Red)and fixed-stained specimens(the smears fixed in saturated HgCl2solution and stained with Heidenhain. s haematoxylin, Ehrlich.s haematoxylin and the dry smears impregnated in 3% AgNO3solution)under optical microscopy and the ultra structure under transmission electron microscopy. Great diversities have been found on the sizes of the organisms (the length and width of the body, macronucleus and micronucleus)compared with the data ofHupei specimens and the reason was discussed. In addition, lots of bacteria and food particles were observed within the body of the organisms, especially around the peristomial discunder transmission electron microscopy. This phenomenon gives a strong support fromthe aspect aof food sources to the viewpoint that Apiosoma is a kind of ectocommensals but not ectoparasites. |
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