Identification of novel microRNA genes in freshwater and marine ecotypes of the three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) |
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| Authors: | S. M. Rastorguev A. V. Nedoluzhko F. S. Sharko E. S. Boulygina A. S. Sokolov N. M. Gruzdeva K. G. Skryabin E. B. Prokhortchouk |
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| Affiliation: | 1. National Research Center ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia;2. Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscow, Russia;3. Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia;4. Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia |
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| Abstract: | The three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) is an important model organism for studying the molecular mechanisms of speciation and adaptation to salinity. Despite increased interest to microRNA discovery and recent publication on microRNA prediction in the three‐spined stickleback using bioinformatics approaches, there is still a lack of experimental support for these data. In this paper, high‐throughput sequencing technology was applied to identify microRNA genes in gills of the three‐spined stickleback. In total, 595 miRNA genes were discovered; half of them were predicted in previous computational studies and were confirmed here as microRNAs expressed in gill tissue. Moreover, 298 novel microRNA genes were identified. The presence of miRNA genes in selected ‘divergence islands’ was analysed and 10 miRNA genes were identified as not randomly located in ‘divergence islands’. Regulatory regions of miRNA genes were found enriched with selective SNPs that may play a role in freshwater adaptation. |
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| Keywords: | adaptation
gasterosteus aculeatus
gene structure and function miRNA speciation |
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