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| 山西不同生态型大豆品种苗期耐低温性综合评价 | |
| 引用本文： | 郭数进,李玮瑜,马艳芸,赵恒,乔玲,李贵全. 山西不同生态型大豆品种苗期耐低温性综合评价[J]. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(9): 990-1000. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00093 |
| 作者姓名： | 郭数进 李玮瑜 马艳芸 赵恒 乔玲 李贵全 |
| 作者单位： | 山西农业大学农学院, 山西太谷 030801 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所, 北京 100101 |
| 基金项目： | 山西省科技攻关项目(20120311005-3);山西省农业科技成果转化资金项目和山西农业大学科技创新基金项目(育种基金)(2006057) |
| 摘 要： | 为探明山西不同生态型大豆(Glycine max)品种对苗期低温胁迫的应答表现, 寻求大豆苗期耐低温性综合评价指标和评价方法, 选取了山西普遍种植的‘晋大53’、‘晋大70’和‘晋豆24’ 3个不同生态型大豆品种, 在苗期将材料分别置于14、17和20 ℃人工气候箱中, 保持昼夜恒温, 进行低温胁迫处理。分别测定了各品种光合与产量性状值, 用基因型主效应及其与环境互作(GGE)双标图分析各性状对品种的效应及性状间的相关性, 应用隶属函数法综合评价各品种的苗期耐低温性。结果显示: 低温胁迫下不同生态型大豆品种苗期延长1-12天; 苗期光合性状值均下降, 其中, 叶片气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)下降最明显; 产量性状值均呈下降趋势, 单株生物量和单株荚数下降最明显; 各项性状在不同品种中对低温的应答效应不同, 且性状间存在明显的相关性, 可作为耐低温性的评价指标。品种‘晋大70’的耐低温性最佳。 |
| 关 键 词： | 生态型 耐低温性 苗期 山西 大豆 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-01-28 |
Comprehensive evaluation of low-temperature tolerance in soybean cultivars of different eco-types at seedling stage in Shanxi Province |
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| GUO Shu-Jin,LI Wei-Yu,MA Yan-Yun,ZHAO Heng,QIAO Ling,LI Gui-Quan. Comprehensive evaluation of low-temperature tolerance in soybean cultivars of different eco-types at seedling stage in Shanxi Province[J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 2014, 38(9): 990-1000. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00093 | |
| Authors: | GUO Shu-Jin LI Wei-Yu MA Yan-Yun ZHAO Heng QIAO Ling LI Gui-Quan |
| Affiliation: | College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China |
| Abstract: | Aims Low temperature at the seedling stage is the key factor constraining growth and yield in spring-sowing soybeans (Glycine max) in North China. The objectives of this research were to explore responses of soybean cultivars of different eco-types in Shanxi Province to low temperatures at the seedling stage, to develop indices and approaches for comprehensive evaluation of low-temperature tolerance in soybeans, and ultimately to provide theoretical basis for breeding soybean cultivars of low-temperature tolerance in order to maintain stable yield under the conditions of low temperature stress at the seedling stage. Methods We selected three soybean cultivars (‘Jinda 53’, ‘Jinda 70’ and ‘Jindou 24’) bred and grown widely in Shanxi Province. At the seedling stage, the plant materials were subjected to stress treatments at three levels of low temperatures and a control treatment in growth cabinets. The low temperature treatments were set for 14, 17 and 20 °C, respectively, and the control treatment was maintained at 23 °C. Upon completion of the temperature treatments, the seedlings were transplanted into larger pots and grown in a greenhouse. Values of photosynthetic traits (including net photosynthetic rates (Pn), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr)) were determined on seedlings. The yield traits (plant height, plant mass, pods per plant and yield per plant) were assessed after harvesting. Furthermore, the genotype main effect plus genotype-environment interaction (GGE) biplot was employed to analyze the effects of various traits on different cultivars and correlations among the traits. Then, subordinate function was applied for comprehensive evaluation of low-temperature tolerance of the three cultivars studied. Important findings (1) The seedling stage of all three cultivars was extended by 1-12 days by the low tempera- ture treatments. (2) Values of the four photosynthetic traits were reduced in seedlings subjected to low temperature treatments; the rate of reduction was significantly greater for Gs and Tr than for the other two traits. Reductions in the values of photosynthetic traits were significantly smaller in the cultivar ‘Jinda 53’ than in other two cultivars, suggesting the stronger low temperature tolerance of this cultivar in terms of photosynthetic capacity. Additionally, ‘Jinda 70’ maintained higher Pn values than the other two cultivars, which was beneficial to greater dry matter accumulation in this cultivar. (3) Values of the four yield traits were all significantly reduced in plants subjected to low temperature treatments at the seedling stage. The rates of reduction were significantly greater for plant mass and pods per plant than for the other two traits. Among the three cultivars tested, the rates of reduction in plant mass and pods per plant were significantly smaller in ‘Jinda 70’ than in other two cultivars. Furthermore, the yield per plant in ‘Jinda 70’ was reduced by less than 50% as a result of low temperature treatments at the seedling stage, indicating that the low temperature stress at the seedling stage had the least effect on the yield in ‘Jinda 70’. (4) GGE biplot analysis revealed the rates of reduction in Tr and Gs had the most apparent effects on ‘Jinda 70’, the rate of reduction in Pn had the most apparent effects on ‘Jindou 24’, and the rate of reduction in Ci affected both ‘Jinda 70’ and ‘Jindou 24’, and that ‘Jinda 53’ was not affected by reductions in any of the photosynthetic traits. Meanwhile, the biplot indicated that there were significant positive correlations among the reduction rates of Tr, Gs, Ci, and Pn. Analysis of the yield traits using the biplot showed that the reduction rates of plant height and plant mass had the most apparent effects on ‘Jinda 53’, the reduction rate of yield per plant had the most apparent effects on ‘Jindou 24’, and the reduction rate of pods per plant affected both ‘Jinda 53’ and ‘Jindou 24’, and that the reduction rates of yield trait values had no apparent effects on ‘Jinda 70’. There were significant positive correlations among the reduction rates of plant mass, plant height, pods per plant, and yield per plant. Hence, the photosynthetic and yield traits can be used as indices for evaluation of low-temperature tolerance. Using subordinate function, the ranking of low-temperature tolerance of the three cultivars at the seedling stage is in the ascending order of ‘Jinda 70’, ‘Jinda 53’, and ‘Jindou 24’. |
| Keywords: | ecotype, low-temperature tolerance, seedling stage, Shanxi Province, soybean |
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