| 放牧家畜食性选择机制研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 王岭,王德利. 放牧家畜食性选择机制研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(1): 205-211 |
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| 作者姓名： | 王岭 王德利 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北师范大学草地科学研究所植被生态科学教育部重点实验室， 长春 130024 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金;教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 动物的食性选择是一个十分复杂的主题.本文从不同角度，结合多学科的研究成果对放牧家畜食性选择机制问题进行了阐述：1）食性选择行为发生的机制，包括基于遗传和学习两方面的解释，其中动物具有的学习机制主要有来自动物个体的学习（采食后反馈、试错学习）、向其他社会群体的学习，以及在进行斑块、景观水平选择时，所采用的空间记忆、视觉线索和皮肤防御系统机制等；2）放牧家畜食性选择策略的4个综合性假说：经验法则、边际值法则、优化采食理论、最小总不适感概念；3）食性选择机制研究存在的问题与展望，诸如空间尺度问题、动物消化生理因素以及多因素互作研究的不足等.
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤容重 土壤含水量 分根 玉米 生长 影响 |
| 文章编号： | 1001-9332(2007)01-0205-07 |
| 收稿时间： | 2006-01-17 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-01-17 |
Research advances in diet selection mechanisms of grazing herbivores |
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| WANG Ling,WANG De-li. Research advances in diet selection mechanisms of grazing herbivores[J]. The journal of applied ecology, 2007, 18(1): 205-211 |
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| Authors: | WANG Ling WANG De-li |
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| Affiliation: | Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of Education Ministry, Institute of Grassland Science, ;Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China |
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| Abstract: | Diet selection is a complicated topic.This paper reviewed the multi-disciplinary research advances in the diet selection mechanisms of grazing herbivores.There were two hypotheses about the mechanisms.One assumed that the diet selection behaviors were inherited and innate,while the other supposed that they were from learning,including post-ingestive feedback,trial-and-error learning,social learning,spatial memory,visual cues,and skin-defense.Four hypotheses on diet selection strategies including RT,MVT,OFT and MTD of grazing herbivores were summarized,and the prospects of grazing herbivores diet selection study,such as spatial-scale of diet selection,physiological factors of digestion,and interactions of multiple affecting factors,were discussed. |
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| Keywords: | grazing herbivore diet selection inheritance mechanism learning mechanism diet selection strategy |
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