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| 过量施氮对冬小麦生产力的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 赵风华,马军花,欧阳竹. 过量施氮对冬小麦生产力的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2012, 36(10): 1075-1081. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.01075 |
| 作者姓名： | 赵风华 马军花 欧阳竹 |
| 作者单位： | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 中国科学院生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101 |
| 基金项目： | 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05-050601);国家重大科学研究计划项目(2012CB-955904);国家自然科学基金(31000207);作物生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(2010KF10)共同资助 |
| 摘 要： | 设置0、70、140、210和280 kg N·hm -2 5个施N梯度, 对冬小麦(Triticum aestivum)旗叶光合速率(Aleaf)、群体冠层光合速率(Acanopy)、作物生长速率(CGR)和籽粒产量(GY) 4个生产力水平进行综合观测研究, 结果发现: 在0-210 kg N·hm -2区间, Aleaf、Acanopy、CGR和GY都随施N量的增大而增大; 在施N量由210增加到280 kg N·hm -2时, GY没有显著变化, 而灌浆期Aleaf、开花期和灌浆期Acanopy、开花-成熟阶段CGR有显著减小。综合分析认为: 1)过量施N (280 kg N·hm -2)能显著降低灌浆期冬小麦Aleaf、Acanopy和CGR, 进而抑制GY; 2)过量施N对冬小麦光合生产力的抑制作用主要发生在灌浆期; 3)在Aleaf、Acanopy、CGR和GY 4个生产力指标中, Acanopy对过量施N的反应最敏感。 |
| 关 键 词： | 冠层光合 叶片光合 氮肥 光合生产力 冬小麦 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012-04-06 |
| 修稿时间： | 2012-06-26 |
Effects of excessive nitrogen supply on productivity of winter wheat |
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| ZHAO Feng-Hua , MA Jun-Hua , OUYANG Zhu. Effects of excessive nitrogen supply on productivity of winter wheat[J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 2012, 36(10): 1075-1081. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.01075 | |
| Authors: | ZHAO Feng-Hua MA Jun-Hua OUYANG Zhu |
| Affiliation: | Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101 |
| Abstract: | Aims Integrated research on the effect of N supply on successive levels from leaf to canopy would be helpful to improve the field N management in winter wheat production areas in China. Methods Field experiments were conducted under 5 N levels: 0, 70, 140, 210 and 280 kg N·hm–2. Four levels of productivity were measured: leaf photosynthetic rate (Aleaf) and canopy photosynthetic rate (Acanopy) measured at the stages of booting, flowering and grain-filling, crop growth rate (CGR) measured during the stages of setting-flowering and flowering-ripening and grain yield (GY) measured at the stage of harvesting. Important findings Results show that Aleaf, Acanopy and CGR have increasing patterns at all stages when N supply increases from 0 to 210 kg N·hm–2. When N supply increases from 210 to 280 kg N·hm–2, GY has no significant variation; however, the Aleaf and Acanopy during the grain-filling stage and the CGR during the flowering-ripening stage decrease. These results indicate that: 1) excessive N supply of 280 kg N·hm–2 can decrease the productivity of winter wheat over leaf, canopy and biomass levels and inhibit GY increasing; 2) the negative effect of excessive N supply is readily demonstrated during the stage of grain-filling; and 3) Acanopy is more capable of detecting the negative effect of excessive N supply than Aleaf, CGR and GY. |
| Keywords: | canopy photosynthesis leaf photosynthesis nitrogen fertilization photosynthetic productivity winter wheat |
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