乙醇和液体石蜡对早期小鼠胚胎体外发育的影响

哺乳动物早期胚胎体外培养技术是研究早期胚胎发育和胚胎工程的基本手段。目前最常用的方法是采用液体石蜡覆盖的液滴培养法。该方法中所用液体石蜡和ＣＯ２质量的好坏对体外培养胚胎的发育有严重影响。本文就此对几种中国产液体石蜡和含气体乙醇的ＣＯ２作为胚胎体外培养条件对胚胎发育的影响进行了研究。取成熟小鼠受精后的２细胞和８细胞胚胎分别用于两组实验。一、不同品牌液体石蜡对胚胎发育的影响。体外培养采用液体石蜡覆盖液滴培养法。所用液体石蜡均经过水洗。ＣＯ２为经过一次水滤的工厂粗制品，其乙醇含量经气相色谱仪测定约为０．１８％。二、不同浓度乙醇对胚胎发育的影响。采用试管培养法，采用乙醇浓度不同的培养液。表１为五个不同厂家的液体石蜡对早期胚胎体外培养的影响。其中，Ⅰ、Ⅱ（上海、北京）号两种产品符合胚胎体外培养的要求，可使２细胞后期胚胎发育到囊胚的比率达到９２％以上，对细胞没有毒害作用（图１Ａ和图２Ａ、Ｂ）。其余，则不符合要求，对细胞有毒害作用（图１Ｂ），甚至用无水乙醇和水先后各洗涤３至４遍，亦无改善。由于影响液体石蜡质量的硝基萘可溶于乙醇而被清除，说明这些不合格的液体石蜡中可能还含有其它对胚胎发育有毒害作用的未知因素，有待进一步查明

Effects of Alcohol and Liquid Paraffin on Development of Early Mouse Embryos in vitro

In culturing early mouse embryos in vitro,liquid paraffin and alcohol exert deleterious influence on the development of embryos. Some of light liquid paraffin produced by Chinese factories have proved harmful for early mouse embryos. As shown by our experiments, the nitronaphthalene contained and the specific gravity of liquid paraffin were not involved in the injurious effects.However,alcohol mingled in medium had harmful effects on the development of embryos. At the 0.1% concentration of alcohol in medium the proportion of embryos developing to blastocysts decreased to 73.9%. When the concentration of alcohol was increased to 0.8%, all embryos ceased developing. In our experiments, CO_2 which contained 0.13% alcohol had no visible effects on the development of embrvos in vitro.