Manipulating the Interferon Signaling Pathway: Implications for HIV Infection |
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Authors: | Krystelle Nganou-Makamdop Daniel C Douek |
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Institution: | 1.Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen 91054, Germany2.Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA |
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Abstract: | During human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection, type I interferon(IFN-I) signaling induces an antiviral state that includes the production of restriction factors that inhibit virus replication, thereby limiting the infection. As seen in other viral infections, type I IFN can also increase systemic immune activation which, in HIV disease, is one of the strongest predictors of disease progression to acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) and non-AIDS morbidity and mortality.Moreover, IFN-I is associated with CD4 T cell depletion and attenuation of antigen-specific T cell responses. Therefore,therapeutic manipulation of IFN-I signaling to improve HIV disease outcome is a source of much interest and debate in thefield. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of timing(acute vs. chronic infection) and have suggested that specific targeting of type I IFNs and their subtypes may help harness the beneficial roles of the IFN-I system while avoiding its deleterious activities. |
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Keywords: | Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Type Ⅰ interferon (IFN-Ⅰ) Inflammation |
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