皇甫川流域中小型土壤动物对不同水土治理措施的响应

2007年9月至2008年9月，选择皇甫川流域人工松树林、人工杨树林、人工锦鸡儿灌木林、人工沙打旺草地和撂荒地等不同水土治理措施植被为采样地，以耕作农田为对照，研究了中小型土壤动物对不同水土治理措施的响应。结果表明，共捕获中小型土壤动物14 747只，隶属于5门7纲10类。优势类群为线虫，占群落总个体数的比例为95.53%，常见类群为螨类和弹尾类。不同水土治理措施样地中，中小型土壤动物群落个体数较农田有提高趋势，但无显著差异（P >0.05）；螨类和弹尾类个体数显著提高（P<0.05）；线虫个体数在人工沙打旺草地中显著高于农田（P<0.05）；中小型土壤动物垂直分布的表聚性较农田增强，并以地表凋落物覆盖显著的人工林最为明显。RDA分析表明，中小型土壤动物群落、螨类和弹尾类个体数与凋落物厚度、树（草）高和土壤有机质的变化之间呈显著正相关。以上结果说明，研究地区采取的几种水土治理植被均有利于中小型土壤动物群落的恢复；相比较，地表凋落物层显著的人工松树林、人工杨树林更加有益于螨类和弹尾类的恢复。

The Response of Soil Meso-and Microfaunal Community to Water-Soil Erosion Controlling Methods in Huangfuchuan Watershed, Inner Mongolia

The responses of soil meso-and microfaunal community to the different water-soil erosion controlling methods was investigated in Huangfuchuan Watershed, Inner Mongolia from September 2007 to September 2008. Sampling plots were chosed as Pinus tabulaeformis woodland, Populus simonii woodland, Caragana intermedia shrub, Astragalus adsurgens meadow, and abandoned cropland. Cropland was chosed as control. A total of 14 747 meso-microfauna belonging to 5 phyla, 7 classes and 10 groups were captured. The dominant group was Nematode, which accounted for 95.53% of the total number of meso-and microfauna. The common groups were Acarina and Collembola. Compared to the cropland, the individual number of meso-and microfauna had an increase trend in all of water-soil erosion controlling plots, but had no significance between them (P >0.05). The number of Nematode in A.adsurgens meadow, and the number of Acarina and Collembola in Pinus tabulaeformis woodland and Populus simonii woodland were significant higher than that of in cropland (P<0.05). The soil surface gathering of the vertical distribution of meso-and microfauna were enhanced in different water-soil erosion controlling plots. The results from RDA showed that the significant positive correlations occurred between the individual number of meso-and microfauna, Acarina, Collembola and the litter thickness, average tree (grass) height and soil organic matter. The results suggested that all of the water-soil erosion controlling methods that carried out in the study region were favorable to the restoration of meso-and Microfaunal community. In contrast, the plots which had thicker leaf litter layer (e.g. Pinus tabulaeformis woodland, Populus simonii woodland and abandoned cropland) were more beneficial to the restoration of Acarina and Collembola.