北京市门头沟区松鼠亚科物种监测

松鼠科松鼠亚科(Sciurinae)物种对植物种子的传播具有重要的作用,是影响森林生态平衡的重要动物类群之一,在中国分布广泛。2016年11月至2017年11月,采用样线法和红外相机监测法进行了北京门头沟区松鼠亚科物种调查。共布设了33条样线,72个相机位点,样线总长度205km,相机累计有效工作日5059d。调查到松鼠亚科动物4种,其中北京市门头沟区分布新记录1种,即松鼠(Sciurus vulgaris),中国特有种1种,即岩松鼠(Sciurotamias davidianus)。松鼠亚科这4个物种在有些区域同域分布,相对丰富度指数最高为岩松鼠,其次为松鼠和北花松鼠(Tamiassibiricus),最低的是隐纹花松鼠(Tamiops swinhoei)。松鼠亚科4物种的活动时间具有明显差异,表明其时间生态位分化明显。本研究基本摸清了北京市门头沟区松鼠亚科动物的分布与资源状况,为此类动物后续的常规监测和保护管理提供了基础信息。

The Monitoring Research of Sciurinae Species in Mentougou District, Beijing

The species of the subfamily Sciurinae are widely distributed in China, which play an important role in the dispersal of plant seeds and are considered an important animal group to maintain the ecological balance in forest ecosystems. From November 2016 to November 2017, we used line transect and camera-trapping methods to survey the Sciurinae species in Mentougou District, Beijing. Thirty-three line transects and 72 camera-trapping stations were established in total. The length of all line transects was 205 km and the total camera-trapping efforts accumulated to 5 059 camera-days. Four Sciurinae species were identified, among which Sciurus vulgaris is a new record for Mentougou District, Beijing, and Sciurotamias davidianus is a species endemic to China. S. davidianus has the highest relative abundance, followed by Sciurus vulgaris and Tamias sibiricus, and Tamiops swinhoei the lowest. The four squirrel species occur sympatrically in some areas, and competition among species is likely reduced due to the difference in their activity time. This research elucidated the distribution and abundance of Sciurinae species in Mentougou District of Beijing, providing basic information for their subsequent monitoring and protection management.