利用红外相机调查深圳梧桐山兽类 群落组成及野猪的空间利用

为了解深圳城市生物多样性现状及关键有蹄类物种野猪（Sus scrofa）的栖息地利用模式，2019年4至10月，在广东省深圳市梧桐山国家级风景名胜区设置1 km × 1 km的调查网格32个，每个网格布设红外相机监测点位1处，监测野生动物群落及野猪的空间利用。32个监测点累积有效相机工作日4 460 d，记录到分属4目8科的兽类13种，其中，10种为本地分布物种，3种为人为放生的外来物种。本地分布的大中型兽类中，野猪的相对多度指数最高（IRA = 27.13），其后依次为鼬獾（Melogale moschata，IRA = 8.30）、豹猫（Prionailurus bengalensis，IRA = 7.17）、花面狸（Paguma larvata，IRA = 5.38）、赤麂（Muntiacus vaginalis，IRA = 2.24）、小灵猫（Viverricula indica，IRA = 0.67）、中国豪猪（Hystrix hodgsoni，IRA = 0.45）与猪獾（Arctonyx collaris，IRA = 0.45）；其中，赤麂为深圳市首次记录。野猪在梧桐山的总体网格占有率为81%。单千米网格内相对多度指数（ITRA）分析结果显示，野猪对梧桐山中心地带的利用率最高，其次为监测区北部最外围的千米网格；不同片区空间利用的差异可能与人为干扰及食物丰富度有关。本研究初步了解了深圳梧桐山的兽类群落组成，为珠三角城市群的城市生物多样性保护与区域保护规划提供了本底资料。

Camera-trapping Survey of the Mammal Community Structure and the Spatial Utilization of Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) in Wutong Mountain, Shenzhen

To investigate the status of urban biodiversity in Shenzhen and learn the habitat use patterns of the key ungulate species of the region, wild boar (Sus scrofa), from April to October 2019, we conducted a camera-trapping survey in the Wutong Mountain National Scenic Area, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, to monitor the activities of wild mammal community and the habitat spatial use of wild boar. The study area was divided into 1km × 1km survey grids, with one camera-trapping station set in each of the 32 blocks. With a total survey effort of 4 460 camera-days across the 32 stations, we recorded 13 mammal species belonging to 4 orders and 8 families, of which 10 were natively distributed species and the other 3 were introduced by human. Among the detected large- and medium-bodied wild mammals, wild boar was the most detected species IRA = 27.13), followed by the Chinese ferret badger (Melogale moschata, IRA = 8.30), leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis, IRA = 7.17), masked palm civet (Paguma larvata, IRA = 5.38), Northern red muntjac (Muntiacus vaginalis, IRA = 2.24), small Indian civet (Viverricula indica, IRA = 0.67), Chinese porcupine (Hystrix hodgsoni, IRA = 0.45) and hog badger (Arctonyx collaris, IRA = 0.45). The Northern red muntjac was first recorded in Shenzhen. The grid occurrence rate of wild boar was 81% across all surveyed blocks. A relatively abundance analysis at individual block level (ITRA) showed that, the central area of Wutong Mountain was the most utilized region by wild boar, followed by some blocks along the northern edge of the study area. Such a spatial utilization may be attributed to the spatial patterns of human disturbance and food abundance. This study determined the composition of mammalian community in Wutong Mountain, and will provide valuable baseline data to the conservation of urban biodiversity and the regional conservation planning of the mega-cities in Pearl River Delta.