陕西汉中野生朱鹮雏鸟的生长发育特征

2014年和2015年监测朱鹮保护区野生朱鹮(Nipponia nippon)15只雏鸟的生长发育,拟合其生长发育数据的生长曲线和相对生长公式,与1989年研究结果进行对比。结果显示,野生朱鹮雏鸟的生长发育不受孵化顺序的影响,雄性体长的生长速度快于雌性。目前朱鹮雏鸟体重、体长、翅长、嘴峰长、跗跖长和中趾长的生长均符合逻辑斯谛生长曲线,雏鸟体重生长率在13日龄左右达到最大。与1989年的研究结果比较发现,目前野生朱鹮幼鸟总体生长发育有所放缓。这可能与近年野生朱鹮种群的增长和扩散导致的环境压力加大以及繁殖期食物资源不足有关。

The Growth Rate of the Wild Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) in Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province

The growth rate of wild Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) in the Shaanxi Hanzhong Crested Ibis National Nature Reserve before fledgling was measured in 2014 and 2015. The body growth indexes (body weight, body length, culmen length, tarsus length, wing length and middle toe length) of 15 nestlings from 6 nests were examined. The results showed that the growth of nestlings was not affected by the hatching order, and the growth rate of body length of male nestlings was faster than the female (Table 1). The growth curves of the nestlings matched with the Logistic models, and the growth rate of body weight reached the maximum at about 13-day-old (Table 2). Compared with the results from 1989, the overall nestling growth of the wild Crested Ibis slowed relatively (Table 2, 3; Fig. 1, 2), which could be explained by higher environmental pressure and lower food availability with the development of population size and their dispersal in recent decades.