中国鸟类生物地理学研究回顾与展望

本文回顾总结了中国鸟类生物地理学的产生、发展、重要成果和未来的发展趋势。主要论述了以下五个方面:1.中国动物地理学简史及鸟类生物地理学的萌芽;2.鸟类动物地理区划的发展,并重点论述了岛屿鸟类区系调查与生物地理格局、中国台湾岛和海南岛与大陆鸟类区系的联系以及鸟类特有化现象;3.鸟类多样性的格局、形成与维持,并重点归纳了几种重要的科学假说;4.鸟类的谱系生物地理格局、形成原因及影响因素;5.鸟类生物地理学研究的新进展和未来发展趋势,重点阐述谱系生物地理学的发展、"地理格局-适应-基因"的整合分析方法对中国鸟类多样性格局形成机制的深度解析,指出大数据和组学时代是中国乃至世界鸟类生物地理学的发展趋势。

Research Progress and Prospect on Biogeography of Birds in China

In this paper we briefly reviewed the development history of zoogeography, and summarized the birth, progress, important achievements and future development trends of bird biogeography in China. This review article discussed five aspects: 1. The birth and development of the avian biogeography; 2. Zoogeographical regionalization, emphasing fauna survey and biogeographical distribution pattern of island birds, the relationship of avifauna between Taiwan, Hainan and mainland neighboring regions, as well as avian endemism; 3. The distribution pattern of species richness and its maintenance, with focusing on several important hypotheses; 4. Phylogeographical pattern and its forming causes and influencing factors; 5. New progress and future development trends in bird biogeography, with focusing on new growing points due to the develop and contribution from studies of phylogeography and adaptive evolution, which is also the development trend of bird biogeography in China and all over the world in the era of big data and omics. Key words: Fauna; Geographical distribution; Bird; Phylogeography; Zoogeographical regionalization; Adaptive evolution; Species diversity