广东石门台国家级自然保护区蝙蝠多样性

本研究于2017至2019年对广东石门台国家级自然保护区的翼手目动物资源进行调查,调查方法主要为日栖息地与夜栖息地调查、网捕调查,共调查到翼手目动物4科9属31种。其中,菊头蝠科1属7种,占比22.6%,蹄蝠科1属4种,占比12.9%,假吸血蝠科1属1种,占比3.2%,蝙蝠科6属19种,占比61.3%。31种蝙蝠的区系组成以东洋型为主,共有19种,而南中国型和季风型较少,南中国型为7种,季风型为5种。以栖息类型划分,石门台保护区的翼手目动物可以分成3类,其中,洞栖型有12种,建筑物栖型有4种,树栖型有4种,另有8种蝙蝠的栖息地可包括洞穴和建筑物,3种的栖息地可包括建筑物和树洞。石门台保护区作为面积较大的国家级自然保护区,调查到蝙蝠种类31种,属于物种多样性较为丰富的保护区。本研究调查了石门台保护区的蝙蝠多样性数据,为以后深入探究该保护区的野生动物资源提供了基础资料。

Species Diversity of Chiroptera in Shimentai National Nature Reserve, Guangdong, China

We conducted a species diversity investigation for Chiroptera (bats) in Guangdong Shimentai National Nature Reserve from 2017 to 2019 by using daily/night roost surveying and mist-net capturing method. Total of 31 species (4 families, 9 genera) were investigated (Table 1). Of the 31 species, 7 (22.6%, 1 genus) are from Rhinolophidae, 4 (12.9%, 1 genus) from Hipposideridae, 1 (3.2%, 1 genus) from Megadermatidae and 19 (61.3%, 6 genera) from Vespertilionidae. Of these species, 19 are the Oriental type, which accounts for the largest proportion. The rest species, seven belong to South China type, and five belong to monsoon type. Bats from this survey in Shimentai National Nature Reserve were roosted in cave, the rest species either in larger trees or in buildings. Of them, 12 species are belonged to cave-dwelling, 4 building-dwelling, and 4 arboreal-dwelling. In addition, 8 species live in both caves and buildings, and 3 species inhabit both buildings and trees. As Guangdong Shimentai National Nature Reserve covers a relatively large area, this reserve is one of the reserves with rich bat biodiversity. This survey has investigated the data of species diversity of bats in Guangdong Shimentai National Nature Reserve, which provides the basic data for the long-term study of the widelife resources.