幼犬个性特征的探索性因素分析

在文献分析、开放式问卷调查和专家访谈的基础上编制幼犬(Canis lupus familiaris)个性量表,对德国牧羊犬、拉布拉多犬和英国史宾格犬3个品种的60日龄幼犬进行标准化行为测验,运用探索性因素分析得出,幼犬存在游戏性、社会性和好奇/无畏3个个性特质.分析品种间个性特征差异时发现,拉布拉多犬游戏性特质显著高于德国牧羊犬和史宾格犬(P＜0.01),德国牧羊犬社会性特质显著高于拉布拉多犬和史宾格犬(P＜0.01),拉布拉多犬好奇/无畏特质显著高于德国牧羊犬和史宾格犬(P＜0.01).结果表明,编制的幼犬个性量表具有较高的信度和效度,可用于描述和比较幼犬个体差异.不同品种幼犬个性特征存在差异.

An Analysis on the Personality Exploratory Traits of the Puppy

Based on the literature review, questionnaires and trainer interview we designed a standard personality trait table to test and analyze the behavior of puppies 60-day-old. Three breeds, German Shepherd Dog, Labrador Retriever Dog, English Springer Spaniel were involved in this study. The results showed that the puppies showed their personality in three traits, i.e. sociability, playfulness, curiosity/fearlessness. The difference in personality between breeds was found. The playfulness showed by Labrador Retriever Dog was significantly higher than German Shepherd and Springer Spaniel (P<0.01); the sociability trait of German Shepherd was significantly higher than the Labrador Retriever and Springer Spaniel (P<0.01), and Labrador Retriever puppies displayed a significantly higher curiosity/fearlessness trait than German Shepherd and English Springer Spaniel (P<0.01). The results showed that the standard personality trait table has better reliability and validity, it can be used to describe and compare puppy individual difference.