棕眉柳莺鸣唱声谱分析及其地理差异的初步研究

2002、2005、2007年5-8月,在甘肃莲花山、宁夏贺兰山和内蒙阿拉善贺兰山等自然保护区对棕眉柳莺(Phylloscopus armandii)的鸣唱进行了采集,共录到18只108 min的鸣声.通过声谱分析,棕眉柳莺鸣唱的频率范围在2.63-6.32 kHz之间;音素数平均为5.56±2.47(n=124);持续时间为(1.07 4-0.30)s(rg=124).最长可达2.68 s.棕眉柳莺鸣唱音节之间的间隔时间差异较大,范围在2～18 8之间;从18只个体共589个音节中总结出61种音节类型,其中37种为共享音节,24种为特有音节,分别占总数的60.7%和39.3%.不同棕眉柳莺个体的鸣唱音节类型组成不同,没有任何两只棕眉柳莺个体的音节曲目完全一致.莲花山和内蒙贺兰山两个地区内个体之间的音节相似性系数存在显著差异(P=0.001).通过对棕眉柳莺鸣唱的地理变异分析,发现越是邻近分布的个体其鸣唱也越相似.

Primary Research on Geographical Variance of Song Spectrum of Yellow-streaked Warbler

The songs of Yellow-streaked Warbler (Phylloscopus armandii) were collected at Lianhuashan Mountain in Gansu, Helan Mountain in Inner Mongolia and Ningxia between May and August in 2002, 2005 and 2007. Totally 108 minutes of songs from 18 individuals were analyzed. The frequency of songs of the Yellow-streaked Warbler was ranged from 2.63 to 6.32 kHz; the average notes number was 5.56±2.47 (n=124); duration of the syllable was 1.07±0.30 s (n=124), with the longest of 2.68 s. The interval timing varied from each other significantly, with a range of 2-18 s. Sixty one syllable types had been summed up from 18 individuals, a total of 589 syllables, of which 37 shared by 2 individuals at least, and also 24 kinds of specific syllable, accounting for 60.7% and 39.3% respectively. By checking the song spectrogram, none of them had the exactly same repertoire with the others. According to the Jaccard's similarity coefficient (S_j), there were significant differences between Lianhuashan Mountain and Alashan (P=0.001). The results of geographic variation analysis showed that the more adjacent the distribution of its neighbors, the more similar their songs would be.