重庆市发现宜章臭蛙

2014年7~8月在重庆市南川区三泉镇采集到5号臭蛙类标本,经形态特征比较和DNA数据比对及遗传距离分析,鉴定为宜章臭蛙(Odorrana yizhangensis),属重庆市新纪录。重庆南川的宜章臭蛙与模式产地标本相比,指关节下瘤雌蛙较雄蛙明显;有外掌突;趾关节下瘤明显,趾间全蹼;后肢前伸贴体时胫跗关节超过吻端。重庆南川区与湖南宜章经度和纬度相距均约5°,为宜章臭蛙已知分布的最西点。宜章臭蛙的形态和遗传分化及分布格局,是否由于我国滇西高山峡谷地区、粤桂湘赣南岭山地和湘渝鄂边境地区特殊地理效应及第四纪冰期气候的反复变化造成的,值得进一步探讨。

Discovery of Yizhang odorous frog (Odorrana yizhangensis) in Chongqing, China

Five specimens of odour frogs, collected from Sanquan town of Nanchuan District in Chongqing from July to August 2014, were identified as Yizhang odorous frog (Odorrana yizhangensis) based on morphological, DNA sequence, and genetic distance analysis, which is new to Chongqing. Morphological comparisons between the specimens from Nanchuan district in Chongqing and that from type locality of O. yizhangensis are as follows: female frogs have more obvious digital subarticular tubercles than males; there are outside metacarpal tubercle, entire web of toes and clear digital subarticular tubercles; the joint tibio-tarsal is over the snout ends when the legs are stretched against the edge of the body. The Nanchuan district of Chongqing is about 5 longitudes and 5 latitudes apart from Yizhang, Hunan, which is the westernmost point of the distribution of O. yizhangensis. Future studies should be focused on whether the morphological, genetic differentiation and the pattern heterogeneity of O. yizhangensis are affected by the special geographic effect of alpine valley of western Yunnan, mountain areas of Nanling in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan and Jiangxi, border region of Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan or the climate fluctuations during the quaternary glacial period.