河北塞罕坝褐柳莺繁殖期鸣唱变化

2017年5至8月,在河北省塞罕坝录制了80只繁殖期雄性褐柳莺(Phylloscopusfuscatus)的鸣唱,对其鸣唱句型和句子参数以及音节类型的变化进行了定量分析。褐柳莺鸣唱的两种主要句型——S-song和V-song,前者(F_(3,75)=17.983,P 0.05)和后者(F_(3,75)=17.983,P 0.05)的使用频次在不同月份间均存在显著差异。S-song的使用频次多于V-song的使用频次,且二者在繁殖季的变化表现出相反的趋势:S-song使用频次在5月和8月较高,在6月最低;而V-song的使用频次却是在6月达到最高值,在5月和8月较低。不同月份鸣唱句子最高频率(F_(3,75)=4.841,P 0.05)、句子频宽(F_(3,75)=3.814,P 0.05)和句子峰频率(F_(3,75)=3.793,P 0.05)均存在显著差异。通过80只个体的2 400个鸣唱语句得到了65种音节类型,其中,80%以上的音节类型在每个月中均有分布,但每月音节类型数存在显著差异(F_(3,75)=5.456,P 0.05)。音节类型数量随繁殖季的变化表现为,7月褐柳莺鸣唱中具有最多的音节类型数(19.79±3.69),5月和8月音节类型数较少,8月最少。

Change of Song Characteristics in Dusky Warblers (Phylloscopus fuscatus) during Breeding Season at Saihanba, Hebei Province

During breeding season, from May to August 2017, we collected songs from 80 breeding males of Dusky Warbler (Phylloscopus fuscatus) in Saihanba, Hebei Province. The changes of song types, song parameters and song syllable types were analyzed. There were two sentence patterns in the song of the males: S-song (Fig. 1a) and V-song (Fig. 1b). There were significant differences in the song output of S-song and V-song among months (ANCOVA: F3,75 = 17.983, P < 0.05; F3,75 = 17.983, P < 0.05; Fig. 3), with more S-song used than V-song in the whole breeding season. The output of S-song and V-song in each month showed the opposite trend, with relatively more output of S-song in early (May) and late (August) breeding season, and more output of V-song in the middle breeding season (June). There was significant difference in the maximum frequency (ANCOVA: F3,75 = 4.841, P < 0.05; Table 1), bandwidth (ANCOVA: F3,75 = 3.814, P < 0.05; Table 1) and peak frequency (ANCOVA: F3,75 = 3.793, P < 0.05; Table 1) among months. Based on the 2 400 song verses from 80 males, 65 syllable types were obtained (Fig. 4). More than 80% of the syllable types were used in all months (Fig. 5), but the number of syllable types used in each month were significantly varied (ANCOVA: F3,75 = 5.456, P < 0.05; Fig. 6). The peak of syllable diversity was in July, with 19.79 ± 3.69 syllable types used, there were fewer syllable types used in May and August, with the least in August.