沙鳅亚科四种鱼脑的形态结构和特征

应用解剖学方法对中华沙鳅(Sinibotia superciliaris)、宽体沙鳅(S. reevesae)、紫薄鳅(Leptobotia taeniops)、小眼薄鳅(L. microphthalrna)脑的形态结构和特征进行比较观察。结果显示,上述沙鳅亚科4种鱼脑的形态结构与真骨鱼类相似,由端脑、间脑、中脑、小脑、延脑5部分组成。脑各部分结构在属内差异不显著,属间除相对大脑体积和相对小脑体积存在极显著差异外,其他部分均无显著差异。紫薄鳅和小眼薄鳅大脑及小脑体相对体积较大,可能与喜营流水生活,需具有较高运动协调能力有关。

Morphological Structure and Characteristics of the Brain in Four Botiinae Fishes

Botiinae was the second largest group of Cobitidae fish. In order to investigate the morphological differences of the four species (Sinibotia superciliaris, S. reevesae, Leptobotia taeniops, L. microphthalrna) of Botiinae fishes, anatomical methods were used in this study. Standard length, body weight and other biological indices of each specimen were measured. Statistical analysis of all data was performed using Microsoft Excel 2007 and SPSS 19.0. The results showed that the morphological structures of the brain in four Botiinae fishes were similar to other teleosts, consisting of five parts: telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, cerebellum and myelecephalon (Fig. 1 and 2). Among them, there were significant differences in the relative volumes of cerebrum and corpus cerebelli, while there was no significant difference in other parts (Table 3). The more closely related the fish, the more similar the morphological structure of the brain. The L. taeniops and L. microphthalrna prefer to live in the environment with flowing water, suggesting that possession of the larger relative volume of cerebrum and corpus cerebelli might be related to a higher motor coordination ability.