黄胫小车蝗卵子发生及卵母细胞凋亡的显微观察

对黄胫小车蝗(Oedaleus infernalis)卵子发生过程和卵母细胞凋亡进行显微观察。结果表明，黄胫小车蝗卵子发生可明显分为3个时期10个阶段，即卵黄发生前期、卵黄发生期和卵壳形成期。第1阶段，卵母细胞位于卵原区，经历减数第一次分裂；第2阶段，卵母细胞核内染色体解体成网状，滤泡细胞稀疏地排列在卵母细胞周围；第3阶段，滤泡细胞扁平状，在卵母细胞周围排成一层；第4阶段，滤泡细胞呈立方形排在卵母细胞周围；第5阶段，滤泡细胞呈长柱形排在卵母细胞周围，滤泡细胞之间、滤泡细胞与卵母细胞之间出现空隙；第6阶段，卵母细胞边缘开始出现卵黄颗粒；第7阶段，卵母细胞中沉积大量卵黄，胚泡破裂；第8阶段，滤泡细胞分泌卵黄膜包围卵黄物质；第9阶段，滤泡细胞分泌卵壳；第10阶段，卵壳分泌结束，卵子发育成熟。卵母细胞发育过程中的凋亡发生在卵黄发生前期，主要表现为滤泡细胞向卵母细胞内折叠，胞质呈团块状等特征。

Studies on the Microstructure of Oogenesis and Oocyte Apoptosis of Oedaleus infernalis

The present paper describes the oogenesis and oocyte apoptosis of Oedaleus infernalis. Oogenesis may be divided into 10 stages: 1.Oocytes are located in the germarium and first meiotic division occurs at this stage; 2.the chromatin in the oocyte nucleus disintegrates into reticular structure, and few follicle cells surround the oocytes; 3.follicle cells become flat and form a monolayer surrounding the oocyte; 4.follicle cells become columnar; 5.follicle cells become cylinder shape, and there is empty space between follicle cells and the oocyte; 6.the yolk granules appear on the edge of cytoplasm; 7.large amount of yolk granules deposit in the cytoplasm, and germinal vesicle breakdown occurs; 8.follicle cells secrete vitelline envelope(VE) surrounding the yolk; 9.follicle cells begin to secrete chorin component; 10.the oogenesis ends completely as soon as chorion forms. Oocyte apoptosis occurs in previtellogenesis, characterized by the follicle cells' folding to the oocyte and cytoplasmic clumping etc.