福建省花臭蛙复合体组成及 天目臭蛙分布新记录记述

由于没有明显的地理阻隔，闽浙丘陵地带花臭蛙复合体（Odorrana schmackeri species complex）的物种组成、分布界限、分布格局存在争议。2016年9月至10月对闽浙交界地带福建省宁德市屏南县和南平市浦城县进行野外考察、样本收集，通过扩增样本线粒体12S rRNA和16S rRNA基因并与黄岗臭蛙（O. huanggangensis）、天目臭蛙（O. tianmuii）和花臭蛙（O. schmackeri）的序列进行比对，构建系统发生关系、计算遗传距离，结合形态学鉴定和形态量度分析，对福建省花臭蛙复合体组成进行了研究。结果显示，福建省花臭蛙复合体包括黄岗臭蛙和天目臭蛙，其中黄岗臭蛙分布于武夷山山区、闽江和九龙江流域，天目臭蛙仅分布于衢江（钱塘江主要支流）的次源地——浦城县管厝乡东北部，为福建省臭蛙类分布新记录种。本研究增添了福建省两栖动物多样性并细化了黄岗臭蛙和天目臭蛙在该省分布范围的认识，但是浦城县西北端长江流域的花臭蛙复合体的物种组成仍需进一步确认。水系和流域是否影响花臭蛙复合体物种分化和分布格局以及这些近缘物种的物种形成机制有待进一步研究。

The Composition of the Piebald Odorous Frog (Odorrana schmackeri Species Complex) in Fujian Province and a New Record of Odorrana tianmuii

The Chinese endemic piebald odorous frogs Odorrana schmackeri species complexare widely distributed in Southern China. However, their taxonomy is still unresolved to date. Previous analyses indicated the existence of many cryptic species in this complex. Due to the absence of obvious geographical barrier and morphological similarities, there are still some controversies on the species composition, distribution boundaries, geographical distribution patterns of the Odorrana schmackeri species complex in Fujian and Zhejiang hill regions. Here, field surveys were conducted in Pingnan County of Ningde City and Pucheng County of Nanping City, Fujian Province from September to October in 2016 (Fig. 1). Species delimitation analyses were first conducted based on the data of both morphological characteristics and comparisons (Table 2). In addition, the mitochondrial 12S and 16S rRNA gene fragments were amplified, sequenced and aligned with both sequences from O. tianmuii, O. huanggangensis and O. schmackeri. Molecular phylogenetic analyses and the genetic distance estimation were then conducted based on these data. The topology of phylogenetic tree indicated that samples from Pingnan county were clustered with O. huanggangensis from Wuyi mountain of Fujian province with strong supports, with genetic distance less than 0.1% (Fig. 3, Table 3). In addition, phylogenetic analyses strongly supported the clustering of samples from Pucheng county with O. tianmuii from Tianmu mountain in Zhejiang province withgenetic distance of 0.4% (Fig. 3, Table 3). Therefore, the Odorrana schmackeri species complex distributed in Fujian province consist of two cryptic species, i.e., O. huanggangensis and O. tianmuii. O. huanggangensis is mainly distributed in Wuyi mountain, Minjiang River and Chiu-lung River basin, whereas O. tianmuii is only distributed in northeast Guancuo Town in Pucheng County, where is the second headstream of Qujiang River and one of the main tributaries of Qiantang River. The distribution of O. tianmuii in Fujian province revealed in this study is a new record, and the results here further enriched the species diversity of amphibian in Fujian Province. Further studies should be focused on the species composition of the O. schmackeri species complex in the Yangtze River basin of northwest Pucheng County and whether the river systems and drainage basins influenced the species differentiation and speciation.