青海门源地区大(狂鸟)和雕鸮的食性比较

1999～2002年的6～8月份,在青海门源地区收集了大(狂鸟)和雕鸮的吐弃块(pellets)和残留食物(food remains),带回实验室进行分检鉴定、研究分析.大(狂鸟)食物中共有736个猎物,其中高原鼢鼠28只、高原鼠兔139只、甘肃鼠兔142只、田鼠科动物422只、雀形目鸟类4只、香鼬1只;各猎物对大(狂鸟)食物的生物量贡献率分别为14.26%、40.79%、17.39%、26.99%、0.22%、0.35%.雕鸮食物中共有330个猎物,其中高原鼢鼠17只、高原鼠兔77只、甘肃鼠兔44只、田鼠科动物183只、雀形目鸟类2只、红脚鹬2只、高原兔5只;各猎物对雕鸮食物的生物量贡献率分别为11.83%、30.87%、7.36%、16.00%、0.15%、0.62%、33.17%.雕鸮的食物生态位宽度与大(狂鸟)的食物生态位宽度相近,食物生态位高度重叠,但是它们捕食同种猎物的比例显著不同.

Food Habits Comparison between Buteo hemilasius and Bubo bubo

The pellets and food remains of Buteo hemilasius and Bubo bubo were collected from June to August during the period of 1999-2002 in the region of Menyuan County,Qinghai Province. Buteo hemilasius diet consisted of 28 plateau zokors,139 plateau pikas,142 Gansu pikas,422 voles,4 Passeriforms and 1 weasel.The biomass contributions of those preys to Buteo hemilasius diet were 14\^26%,40\^79%,17\^39%,26\^99%,0\^22%, and 0\^35%,respectively. Bubo bubo diet comprised 17 plateau zokors,77 plateau pikas,44 Gansu pikas,183 voles,2 passeriforms,2 redshank and 5 hares.The biomass contributions of those preys to Bubo bubo diet were 11\^83%,30\^87%,7\^36%,16\^00%,0\^15%,0\^62% and 33\^17%,respectively.The food niche breadth indexes of Buteo hemilasius and Bubo bubo were similar(FNB were 1\^606 and 1\^751 respectively).Their diets overlap index was 0\^92.But,the percentage of dietary composition of Buteo hemilasius and Bubo bubo was different significantly(Pearson Chi-Square Test, P =0\^001<0\^01;Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square Test, P =0\^001<0\^01).