日本囊对虾4个地理群体线粒体16S rRNA序列及遗传结构分析

对我国东南沿海日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)的4个地理群体广东群体(GD)、台湾群体(TW)、福建群体(FJ)和浙江群体(ZJ)的线粒体16S rRNA基因片段进行PCR扩增,对产物进行测序后分析。经比对获得470bp的核苷酸分析序列,发现了16个变异位点,得到了10种单倍型。广东、台湾、福建和浙江群体的核苷酸多样性依次分别为0.0008、0.0010、0.0051、0.0015,各群体均存在独有的单倍型和共有单倍型。群体遗传距离分析表明各群体间保持着一定的遗传差异,其中福建群体与其他群体之间存在着较远的遗传距离并保持了较高的遗传多样性。另外,利用其423bp的16S rRNA同源序列探讨了对虾科6个属共12种对虾的系统进化关系,囊对虾属与沟对虾属亲缘关系较近聚为一支,其他4个属的10种对虾聚为一支。

Genetic Structure and Sequence Analysis of Four Stocks of Marsupenaeus japonicus Using Mitochondrial 16S rRNA

The aim of this study was to investigate mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequence variation to assess genetic structure and polymorphism of in four stocks of Marsupenaeus japonicus. The samples of M. japonicus were obtained from the East Sea and South Sea of Guangdong ( GD),Taiwan ( TW),Fujian ( FJ) and Zhejiang (ZJ) Province in China. The PCR technique was used to amplify the mtDNA 16S rRNA gene fragment. Four hundred and seventy bp nucleotide sequence of partial 16S rRNA was obtained,and 16 variable sites and 10 haplotypes were detected among all sequences. Nucleotide diversities in GD stock,TW stock,FJ stock and ZJ stock were 0. 000 8,0. 001 0,0. 005 1 and 0. 001 5 respectively. Each stock had shared haplotype and unique haplotype. F_st analysis showed that genetic difference existed among four stocks,and significant genetic differentiations were observed between FJ stock and other three stocks. The Kimura-2-paramter genetic distance calculated by the MEGA software between the stock of FJ and TW was the highest,up to 0. 003 2,while that between the stock of ZJ and GD was the lowest to 0. 000 9. NJ phylogenetic tree was constructed using 12 Penaeidae shrimp. These results will be important and useful for making scientific strategy for the family selective breeding and molecular marker assisted selective breeding.