无线电遥测技术研究澳门犬蝠的捕食区面积

2015年5~12月,利用无线电跟踪方法对澳门路环3只犬蝠(Cynopterus sphinx;2♂♂,1♀)的捕食区进行研究。结果发现,3只犬蝠的月平均捕食区面积的大小差异显著(F_(3,23)=77.854,P0.000 1),2雄性的捕食区面积分别为(1.6±0.4)hm2(n=8)和(17.9±6.6)hm~2(n=8),雌性为(31.7±4.7)hm2(n=7);3只犬蝠的捕食区离日栖息地的平均距离差异亦显著(F3,23=16.034,P0.001),2雄性分别为(53.6±12.4)m和(446.2±68.8)m(二者均n=8),雌性为(606.9±94.7)m(n=7);2雄性的捕食区存在部分重叠,但是雌性与2雄性的捕食区均无重叠。此外,不同月份犬蝠的捕食区面积呈现出一定的差异,冬季(11月和12月)捕食区面积相对较大,且雌性的10月份捕食区面积比相邻月份有所减少。本研究说明,犬蝠的捕食区通常靠近其日栖息地,捕食区面积中等,其面积大小具有较为明显的季节变化。

Radio-tracking Studies on Foraging Areas of Short-nosed Fruit Bats Cynopterus sphinx in Macau

We investigated the foraging area of three individuals (2 males and 1 female) of Short-nosed Fruit Bat,Cynopterus sphinx (Chiroptera,Pteropodidae) in Luhuan,Macau from May 2015 to December 2015 using radio telemetry.The results found that the monthly mean foraging area among these three individuals was significantly different (F3,23 =77.854,P ＜ 0.000 1) (Table 1).Two males had smaller foraging areas,1.6± 0.4 hrn2 and 17.9 ± 6.6 hm2 (both n =8),respectively;while the female had bigger one,31.7 ± 4.7 hm2 (n =7) (Fig.2).The average distance between the daytime roosting site and foraging sites among three individuals was also significantly different (F3,23 =16.034,P ＜ 0.001),those of two males were 53.6 ± 12.4 m and 446.2 ± 68.8 m (both n =8),while that of female was 606.9 ± 94.7 m (n =7).The foraging area of one male partly overlapped with that of another,but that of female was separate from those of two males.Furthermore,the foraging area varied in different month,those in winter (November and December) were relative lager,and that of female in October was smaller than those in September and November (Fig.3).The results of this study suggested that the foraging sites of Short-nosed Fruit Bat normally close to their daytime roosts,and they have moderate foraging area,which presents seasonal variation.