四川瓦屋山金色林鸲的巢址选择和繁殖记录

2010~2011年4~7月,在四川省瓦屋山自然保护区对金色林鸲(Tarsiger chrysaeus)的繁殖生态和巢址选择进行了研究。共发现26巢,金色林鸲2010年和2011年的繁殖成功率分别为43.8%和44.4%,孵化率分别为52.5%和60.0%;育雏成功率分别为85.7%和100.0%。主成分分析表明,影响金色林鸲巢址选择的主要因子包括巢位因素、苔藓盖度因素和乔木郁闭度因素。步道两侧的土坎为金色林鸲巢址选择提供了适宜条件。在瓦屋山,人类活动是影响金色林鸲繁殖、巢址选择、巢的分布和数量的重要因素,并存在两面性;人行步道的修建为金色林鸲提供了更多适宜的巢址,而游客的频繁活动限制了金色林鸲的繁殖活动。

Nest Site Selection and Breeding Notes of the Golden Bush Robin Tarsiger chrysaeus at Wawushan, Sichuan

During the breeding seasons of 2010 and 2011, we studied breeding ecology and nest site selection of the Golden Bush Robin (Tarsiger chrysaeus) at Wawushan Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province. Our study area was at the virgin forest of Wawushan Plateau with the altitude about 2800 m. Altogether 26 nests were found, 17 in 2010 and 9 in 2011. The breeding success rates in 2010 and 2011 were 43.8% and 44.4%, with the hatching rates of 52.5% and 60.0%, and brood success rates over 85.7%. There was no significant difference between the clutch size, egg parameters and breeding success between the two years (Table 1). The cavity nests of the Golden Bush Robin were mostly found at the soil slopes along the walking paths (Fig. 1) with the nest parameters shown by Table 2. We measured the nest site selection parameters (such as nest height, distance to path and running water, and vegetation information) and compared them with contrastive samples along the path at a random distance; however, no significant difference was found (Table 3). The Principal Component Analysis showed that the main factors affecting the nest-site selection of the Golden Bush Robin including nest location, moss cover and arbor cover (Table 4, 5). We suggested that the construction of the walking path provided lots of suitable nesting sites for the bird. At Wawushan, the great number of tourists in May severely affected the nest sites distribution of the Golden Bush Robin. We suggested that to limit the number of tourists during the breeding period of birds.