壶菌病与两栖动物的种群衰退

两栖类种群全球性衰退是21世纪最紧迫的环境问题之一。越来越多的证据表明壶菌(Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis)与澳大利亚、美洲北部、中部、南部及欧洲的两栖类种群衰退有关。由壶菌引起的壶菌病是变态后的无尾类所患的一种显性传染病,其令人质疑的快速传播及广泛爆发对世界范围内的两栖类种群构成重大威胁。本文对这种致病壶菌的病理学、生态学、生物地理学及其治疗方面的进展进行了综述。

Chytridiomycosis and Amphibian Population Declines

Global decline in amphibian population is perhaps one of the most urgent environmental problems that need to be resolved in the 21th Century.Accumulating evidence suggests that a chytrid fungus,Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis,is responsible for recent decline in amphibian populations in Australia,North,Central and South America,and Europe.Chytridiomycosis is an emerging infectious disease(EID) of post-metamorphic anurans caused by the chytrid fungus.The rapid expansion and widespread occurrence of Chytridiomycosis is supposed to be a significant risk for amphibian populations worldwide.In this paper,we have reviewed recent researches on the pathology,ecology,biogeography and therapy of this pathogenic chytrid.