塔里木兔胰腺水通道蛋白的表达和作用

通过检测塔里木兔(Lepus yarcandensis)胰腺中水通道蛋白（aquaporin，AQP）1和4的表达和分布情况，以探讨水通道蛋白在塔里木兔适应干旱缺水环境中的作用，采用常规 H.E.染色观察塔里木兔胰腺组织学结构，采用免疫组织化学检测AQP1和AQP4在胰腺中的分布位置及表达，并与家兔进行比较。结果显示，AQP1在微血管内皮细胞，血细胞，泡心细胞和小叶内导管上皮细胞均有表达；AQP4在小叶间导管基底膜和胰岛细胞膜上有表达。与家兔相比，AQP1 在塔里木兔胰腺外分泌部的表达较弱，而在小叶内导管的表达较强；AQP4在塔里木兔胰腺内分泌部的表达较低。以上结果说明，AQP1在塔里木兔胰腺小叶内导管的表达上调，推测可能加强了浓缩胰液的能力，以尽量保住体内的水分，是塔里木兔对干旱缺水环境的适应性调节。与家兔相比，塔里木兔胰腺AQP1和AQP4的表达均较低，说明塔里木兔胰腺水液代谢能力比家兔低，这可能与塔里木兔所食食物营养匮乏有关。

The expression and role of aquaporins in pancreases in yarkand hares

We detected the expression of aquaporin(AQP)1 and 4 in pancreases in yarkand hares to understand the role of AQP in adaptation to the drought environment. We detected the histological structure of pancreases in yarkand hares by using H.E staining methods, and we detected expressions of AQP1 and AQP4 in pancreases by using immunohistochemistry methods, and also compared with domestic rabbits. Results showed that AQP1 is localized in microvascular endothelial cells, blood cells, centroacinar cells and intralobular ducts basal membrane. AQP4 is localized in the acinus and tralobular ducts basal membrane, and pancreatic islets membrane. Compared with domestic rabbits, except for intralobular ducts, the expression of AQP1 is lower in the pancreas of yarkand hares. And the expression of AQP4 is lower in the endocrine portion. These results indicated that the yarkand hare increases the expression of AQP1 in intralobular ducts of pancreases, which may improve the ability for adaptation to the arid environment, and strengthens the ability for concentrating the pancreatic juice, so as to keep body water. Compared with domestic rabbits, expressions of AQP1 and AQP4 is lower in the pancreas of yarkand hares, which indicated that the level of water metabolism in the pancreas of yarkand hares was lower than domestic rabbits, which might be relative to insufficient food.