圈养条件下金钱豹交配行为的初步观察

2005年3月至2006年3月,采取所有事件取样法,对成都动物园5只(2雄,3雌)圈养金钱豹(Panthera pardu)进行观察,旨在了解圈养金钱豹的交配情况。记录交配行为1 174次。结果显示,圈养金钱豹全年皆可发情。具有明显的交配模式,交配姿势仅有一种,为背腹式。平均交配持续天数为(4.75±1.26)d。昼夜都有交配行为,但白天交配次数较夜间多。日交配的高峰发生在08:00～10:00时,不同的雄性个体出现的交配高峰日不同。平均交配持续时间为(7.48±1.22)s。在交配持续时间(P=0.000)、总交配次数(P=0.04)上,不同的雄性个体间存在显著性差异;而同一雄性在与不同雌性交配时,其持续时间无显著差异。金钱豹交配的特点为,交配的频次多,但每次交配持续时间短。

Mating Behavior of the Captive Leopard (Panthera pardu)

The mating behavior of 5(2 males,3 females) captive Leopards(Panthera pardu) was observed in Chengdu Zoo during March 2005 to March 2006 by using all-occurrence and scan sampling methods.Totally,1 174 mating events were recorded and analyzed.Oestrus occurred in any seasons within a year but most happened in spring.Mating was conducted by position of face-to-back and female displayed solicitant behavior before copulation.Each oestrus period last 4.75 ± 1.26 d on average and mating occurred in day and night,however,more copulation happened in the daytime than in the night.Most mating behaviors were recorded during 08:00-11:00 and 14:00-16:00,with a peak at 08:00-10:00.The mating period lasted 3-6 days and each mating bout took 7.48 ± 1.22 seconds in average.We found a highly significant different between 2 males in mating duration and mating frequency(one-way ANOVA).No difference was detected in mating duration when one male mated with different females.The mating frequency varied greatly,from 158 to 378,between different pairs.The copulation frequency of leopards is high but copulation duration is short(7.48 ±1.22 s,n=1 174) in average.